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Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter WArrEN

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Advances in Climate Change research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter WArrEN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official Development Assistance(ODA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(rD&D)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

神经元性一氧化氮合酶活性在app/ps1双转基因AD模型小鼠皮质和海马的分布

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神经解剖学杂志 2004年第4期20卷 377-382页

作者：雷德亮罗学港 peter r. mouton Donald K. Ingram 中南大学湘雅医学院解剖学和神经生物学系长沙410013 National Institute of Health Gerontology Research Center Baltimore MD USA

本实验用 4～ 5月龄和 15～ 16月龄的 app/ ps1dtg小鼠各 5只 ,同龄野生型小鼠每个年龄组各 5只 ,用β-NADPH组织化学染色显示神经元一氧化氮合酶活性 ,刚果红组织学染色显示神经炎性斑 ,无偏性体视学计量皮质和海马神经炎斑的总体积 ,... 详细信息

本实验用 4～ 5月龄和 15～ 16月龄的 app/ ps1dtg小鼠各 5只 ,同龄野生型小鼠每个年龄组各 5只 ,用β-NADPH组织化学染色显示神经元一氧化氮合酶活性 ,刚果红组织学染色显示神经炎性斑 ,无偏性体视学计量皮质和海马神经炎斑的总体积 ,研究神经元一氧化氮合酶活性在 app/ ps1双转基因 (app/ ps1dtg) AD模型小鼠大脑皮质和海马的异常分布 ,探讨其在该模型小鼠及 AD患者脑内病理改变中的作用。结果显示 ,n NOS阳性神经元在各组小鼠皮质和海马内的分布没有区别 ,4～ 5月龄 app/ps1dtg小鼠皮质和海马可见神经炎斑 (NP)和营养不良性 NOS阳性神经突 (DTN) ;15～ 16月龄 app/ ps1dtg小鼠皮质和海马内NP的体积分别是 4～ 5月龄 app/ ps1dtg小鼠皮质 NP的 5倍 (Pr=0 .85 ,P<0 .0 5 )。本实验结果表明 ,app/ ps1dtg小鼠能够模拟 AD患者脑内 NOS阳性神经元的病理改变 ,DTN的形成可能与 Aβ的毒性作用有关 ,DTN产生的 NO可能参与 app/ ps1dtg小鼠和 AD的神经病理过程。

关键词： Alzheimer病神经炎斑一氧化氮合酶皮质海马转基因小鼠

雌激素对老年雌性小鼠齿状回和海马CA1区神经胶质细胞的影响——形态学观察和无偏性体视学定量分析

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神经解剖学杂志 2004年第4期20卷 337-342页

切除 2 0～ 2 4月龄 C5 7BL /6NIA小鼠双侧卵巢 ,随后于颈部皮下植入可持续释放 60 d的含 1.7mgβ-雌二醇 (E2 )或含等剂量胆固醇的安慰剂。用免疫组织化学结合无偏性体视学方法 ,分析小鼠齿状回和海马 CA1区小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞... 详细信息

切除 2 0～ 2 4月龄 C5 7BL /6NIA小鼠双侧卵巢 ,随后于颈部皮下植入可持续释放 60 d的含 1.7mgβ-雌二醇 (E2 )或含等剂量胆固醇的安慰剂。用免疫组织化学结合无偏性体视学方法 ,分析小鼠齿状回和海马 CA1区小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞形态和数量的变化。结果发现 :60 d E2处理老年雌性小鼠不仅可以抑制神经胶质细胞的激活 ,而且可以明显降低小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的总数 ;神经胶质细胞在脑内免疫和炎症反应过程中起着非常重要的作用。本实验的结果提示 ,雌激素可能通过调节胶质细胞介导的脑内炎症反应通路 ,发挥其神经保护作用。

关键词：雌激素小鼠雌性齿状回海马 CAl区神经胶质细胞形态学

Homogenization Theory for a replenishing Passive Scalar Field

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2009年第5期30卷 631-644页

作者： peter r. KrAMEr Shane r. KEATING Department of Mathematical Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Center for Atmosphere-Ocean Science Courant Institute of Mathematical SciencesNew York University

Homogenization theory provides a rigorous framework for calculating the effective diffusivity of a decaying passive scalar field in a turbulent or complex *** authors extend this framework to the case where the passive scalar fluctuations are continuously replenished by a source (and/or sink).The basic structure of the homogenized equations carries over,but in some cases the homogenized source can involve a non-trivial coupling of the velocity field and the *** authors derive expressions for the homogenized source term for various multiscale source structures and interpret them physically.

关键词： Homogenization Turbulent transport Source Pumping

Long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： peter r Mertens Steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

BACKGrOUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis B and C ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified Chevallier scoring system. rESULTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified Chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Prosis:15.0±7.3 at baseline vs.12.6±6.8 after 9 months, Prd serial liver biopsy 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation,and the fibrotic score was increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, Preatment significantly improves the fibrosis score in patients with chronic HBV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. Given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

Isolated Bell's palsy-An unusual presentation of dengue infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第1期6卷 82-84页

作者： Soumia peter Malhotra N peter P Sood r Department of Medicine Christian Medical College & Hospital Department of radiodiagnosis Christian Medical College & Hospital

Dengue fever is a very common arthropod-borne infection in tropical *** complications in dengue fever are relatively uncommon and among these,isolated cranial neuropathies have been reported only very *** present an unusual neurological complication of Bell’s palsy(lower motor neuron 7 th nerve palsy) associated with dengue *** the best of our knowledge,there have been very few documented cases of Flavivirus causing isolated Bell’s palsy.

关键词： Dengue infection Bell’s palsy

Synthesis of Silsesquioxane Cages from Phenyl-cis-tetrol, 1,3-Divinyltetraethoxydisiloxane and Cyclopentyl resins

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Chemical research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 433-436页

作者： Alan r. Bassindale peter G. Taylor Department of Chemistry Open UniversityDepartment of Chemistry Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA UKWalton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA UK

The synthesis of T_8, T_ 10 and T_ 12 silsesquioxane cages from a range of starting materials: phenyl-cis-tetrol, 1,3-divinyltetraethoxydisiloxane and cyclopentyl T resins by using tetra n-butylammonium fluoride(TBAF) as the catalyst is described in this paper. The reaction yields obtained viathe current route are better compared to those viathe literature routes. Some of the cage compounds have been characterized by X-ray crystallography.

关键词： Synthesis Silsesquioxane cage Phenyl-cis-tetrol 1,3-Divinyltetraethoxydisiloxane Cyclopentyl T resin

Textual Anticipation and the Putative reader in Persuasive Discourse

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外国语 2021年第1期44卷 2-20页

作者： peter r.r.White University of New South Wales SydneyAustralia

The notion that’monologic’written texts construe for themselves a putative addressee(variously termed the’ideal’,’imagined’,’virtual’,’intended’,’model’or’mock’reader)has received a great deal of scholarly attention,initially by scholars of literary fiction and subsequently by discourse analysts more *** paper is concerned with putative-reader positioning in persuasive texts and with how,through observing the relationships of alignment and dis-alignment which the author enters into with this putative reader,it is possible to better understand the rhetorical workings of these *** specifically,it demonstrates how,through an analysis of which beliefs,expectations and attitudes the author projects onto this putative addressee it is possible to better understand how such a text may be persuasive,to more systematically describe the’compliant readings’associated with a text and to more thoroughly deal with’ideological’workings of persuasive texts as they naturalize particular value systems and world *** outlining and demonstrating an approach to analyses of putative-addressee positioning,the paper draws on prior work in literary criticism scholarship and in university composition *** primary focus,however,is on developing prior work on the putative addressee in the appraisal-framework literature,in particular work which has attended to the role of the resources of dialogistic positioning(ENGAGEMENT)in’writing the reader into the text’.

关键词： persona persuasion dialogism readership

Farmers’knowledge,attitudes,and practices with respect to rodent management in the upland and lowland farming systems of the Lao People’s Democratic republic

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第3期2卷 165-173页

作者： peter r.BrOWN Khamouane KHAMPHOUKEO CSIrO Sustainable Ecosystems CanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia National Agricultural and Forestry research Institute VientianeLao PDR

rodents are a serious constraint to poor farmers in the upland and lowland farming systems of the Lao People’sDemocratic republic and have been described as the pest they have least control over. To better understand theseproblems a baseline survey of farmers was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices with respectto rodent management. A structured survey was conducted in 12 villages across Luang Namtha, Luang Prabang,and Houaphan provinces. Twenty farmers from each village were interviewed (a total of 240 farmers). Farmersnoted that the main factor limiting production was pests (70%), with rats identified as the most important pest(98%). The mean yield loss was estimated at 19% (range 0–100%). Trapping and rodenticides were commonlyused by farmers. Farmers believed that it was important to control rats and believed that rats could only be controlledif farmers worked together. However, 65% of farmers conducted rodent control by themselves, and 92% offarmers believed that rodenticides were harmful to the environment. The main constraints identified were the highcost of some control methods and the need to get farmers to work together as a community.

关键词： decision making farmers’beliefs pest rice rodent management upland crop