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Applications of multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T

World Journal of Radiology 2011年第4期3卷 105-113页

作者： Mary C Stephenson Frances gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis peter g morris The Sir peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham School of Biomedical Sciences University of Nottingham Medical School Academic Radiology University of Nottingham Molecular Medicine PfizerSandwich

AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of ***: Measurements of brain metabolites were made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS ***: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (gABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these metabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and gABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and re-feeding. glycogen levels were significantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the ***: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies.

关键词： Magnetic resonance spectroscopy 13C 1H 7 Tesla glutamate glutamine γ-aminobutyric acid

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Results of selective decontamination with oral neomycin and metronidazole for major colorectal surgery in Australia:A cohort study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 72-78页

作者： James Wei Tatt Toh Devansh Shah Henry Wang Charlotte Kwik Joseph Do Woong Choi Chelsie Leonie Beinke Paul morris Eleni Baird-gunning geoffrey peter Collins Fiona gavegan Karen Shedden Toufic El-Khoury Nimalan Pathma-Nathan Kerry Hitos Department of Colorectal Surgery Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia The University of Sydney Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia Western Sydney University New South WalesAustralia University of Notre Dame New South WalesAustralia Westmead Research Centre for Evaluation of Surgical Outcomes Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia

Objective The role of selective decontamination with oral antibiotics(OABs)and mechanical bowel preparation(MBP)prior to elective colorectal surgery is still widely *** objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of selective decontamination with neomycin,metronidazole and MBP compared to those of decontamination with MBP alone or with no *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation was introduced prior to elective colorectal surgery as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery program at Westmead Hospital,a major Australian tertiary referral hospital,between June 2017 and January *** between short-term outcomes of OAB+MBP and MBP/no preparation were made using prospectively collected data on length of stay(LOS),readmission,mortality within 30 days,anastomotic leakage(AL),surgical site infection(SSI),urinary tract infection,deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism,pneumonia,and ***-up was limited to hospital stays and subsequent presentations within the health district within thirty days of *** Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous data,and the chi-square test was used for categorical *** and multivariate regression modelling was performed to identify risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of SSI and *** Patients with oral neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation had reduced superficial SSI(2.7%vs.7.6%,p=0.043)and overall complications(32.7%vs.44.6%,p=0.020),particularly Clavien-Dindo 1 complications(7.3%vs.16.5%,p=0.009).However,the differences in AL(2.7%vs.4.5%,p=0.369)and organ/space SSI(1.3%vs.3.7%,p=0.327)were not statistically *** median LOS(6 d vs.6 d,p=0.370)was not different between the *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole reduces the risk of SSIs and overall *** was a trend to toward a lower AL,but this differ

关键词： Neomycin Metronidazole Colorectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Surgical site infection

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Thin-Shell Wormholes Admitting Conformal Motions in Spacetimes of Embedding Class One

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 162-171页

作者： peter K. F. Kuhfittig Department of Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

This paper discusses the feasibility of thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of conformal motions. It is shown that the surface energy density σis positive, while the surface pressure is negative, resulting in , thereby signaling a violation of the null energy condition, a necessary condition for holding a wormhole open. For a morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is referred to as “exotic”. For the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of conformal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of the highly problematical exotic matter.

关键词： Thin-Shell Wormholes Conformal Symmetry Embedding Class One Exotic Matter

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Macroscopic Traversable Wormholes: Minimum Requirements

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期14卷 230-243页

作者： peter K. F. Kuhfittig Department of Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

While wormholes are just as good a prediction of Einstein’s theory as black holes, they are subject to severe restrictions from quantum field theory. To allow for the possibility of interstellar travel, a macroscopic wormhole would need to maintain sufficiently low radial tidal forces. It is proposed in this paper that the assumption of zero tidal forces, i.e., the limiting case, is sufficient for overcoming the restrictions from quantum field theory. The feasibility of this approach is subsequently discussed by 1) introducing the additional conditions needed to ensure that the radial tidal forces can indeed be sufficiently low and 2) by viewing traversable wormholes as emergent phenomena, thereby increasing the likelihood of their existence.

关键词： morris-Thorne Wormholes Traversability Minimum Requirements Stability Compatibility with Quantum Field Theory

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Neutropenia in colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: An observational cohort study

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第5期12卷 549-558页

作者： peter H Cashin Lana ghanipour Malin Enblad David L morris Department of Surgical Sciences Section of SurgeryUppsala UniversityAkademiska SjukhusetUppsala 75185Sweden Department of Surgery University of New South WalesSydney 2217New South WalesAustralia

BACKgROUND The implications of neutropenia after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)treatment have never been *** To evaluate the occurrence of neutropenia and its effect on the risk of increased Clavien-Dindo morbidity as well as its effect on overall or disease-free *** All patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases(1996-2015)completing cytoreductive surgery and oxaliplatin-based HIPEC treatment from a biinstitutional database(Uppsala and Sydney)were included in the ***-Dindo grade 3-4 morbidity differences between the neutropenia group vs nonneutropenia group were calculated and Kaplan-Meier curves with log rank test were *** and multivariable Cox regression models for diseasefree survival were *** Two hundred and forty-six patients were identified–32 postoperative any-grade neutropenia patients and 214 non-neutropenia *** neutropenia group had more combination oxaliplatin+irinotecan treatment than the nonneutropenia group(66%vs 13%,P=0.0001).The neutropenia group was not associated with increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** overall survival was 53 mo vs 37 mo for the neutropenia and non-neutropenia group,P=*** disease-free survival was 16 mo vs 11 mo,respectively,P=*** was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival with hazard ratio:0.58,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.95,P=*** 13%of patients developed neutropenia which was not associated with increased Clavien-Dindo grade 3-4 *** was an independent positive prognostic factor for disease-free survival and was associated with more intense HIPEC *** is in direct contrast to the current paradigm of decreasing the treatment intensity.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Peritoneal metastases Cytoreductive surgery Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Oxaliplatin Neutropenia

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7．0T功能MR波谱动态定量检测视觉皮层代谢物对视觉刺激的反应

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中华放射学杂志 2012年第10期46卷 875-880页

作者：林艳 morris peter 吴仁华汕头大学医学院第二附属医院医学影像科 515041 英国诺丁汉大学Sir peter Mansfield磁共振中心

目的采用超高场强（7．0T）功能MR波谱（fMRS），动态定量检测人脑枕叶视觉皮层代谢物对视觉刺激的反应，探讨人脑在功能活动状态下的能量代谢和神经递质传递的活动情况。方法9名健康志愿者参与本次试验。采用人体7．0TMR扫描仪及16通... 详细信息

目的采用超高场强（7．0T）功能MR波谱（fMRS），动态定量检测人脑枕叶视觉皮层代谢物对视觉刺激的反应，探讨人脑在功能活动状态下的能量代谢和神经递质传递的活动情况。方法9名健康志愿者参与本次试验。采用人体7．0TMR扫描仪及16通道敏感相位编码技术（SENSE）头线圈。首先进行fMRI检查，明确视觉皮层的最大激活区。然后进行。H-MRS检查，ROI为2cm×2cm×2cm，定位于视觉皮层最大激活层面。采用短TE激励回波采集模式（STEAM）序列采集波谱数据，^1H-MRS扫描过程中同时给予受试者与fMRI检查相同的视觉刺激。运用线性拟合模型（LCModel）以水为内标准，分别测定各代谢物在静息期和刺激期的绝对浓度。采用配对设计数据的Wilcoxon符号秩和检验比较各代谢物浓度在刺激前后差异是否有统计学意义。结果视觉刺激状态下，天冬氨酸、谷氨酰胺及甘氨酸的浓度分别为（3．20±0．28）、（2．07±0．10）和（1．65±0．11）μmol／g，较静息期[分别为（3．52±0．28）、（2．25±0．10）和（1．85±0．11）μmol／g]降低，差异有统计学意义（Z值分别为-2．073、-2．073、-2．429，P值均〈0．05）。谷氨酸、谷胱甘肽及乳酸的浓度分别为（11．50±0．11）、（2．45±0．10）和（0．89±0．05）μmol／g，较静息期[分别为（11．28±0．11）、（2．28±0．10）和（0．79±0．05）μmol／g]升高，差异有统计学意义（Z值分别为2．521、2．310、2．016，P值均〈0．05）。葡萄糖浓度[（1．54±0．23）μmol／g]在刺激状态下有降低趋势，但与静息期[（1．78±0．28）μmol／g]比较差异无统计学意义（Z=-1．897，P〉0．05）。结论7．0TfMRS结合LCModel可以定量检测人脑视觉皮层多种代谢物对视觉刺激的反应变化。视觉刺激状态下，激活区乳酸、葡萄糖和天冬氨酸的变化提示脑能量代谢水平的升高；谷氨酸升高伴随谷氨酰胺下降可能提示兴奋性神经递质传递活动的改变；谷胱甘肽升高则提示脑激活状态下抗氧自由基活动增强。

关键词：磁共振波谱学视觉能量代谢

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The Effectiveness of Energy Feedback for Conservation and Peak Demand: A Literature Review

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2013年第1期2卷 7-15页

作者： Desley Vine Laurie Buys peter morris Science & Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia

This paper reviews electricity consumption feedback literature to explore the potential of electricity feedback to affect residential consumers’ electricity usage patterns. The review highlights a substantial amount of literature covering the debate over the effectiveness of different feedback criteria to residential customer acceptance and overall conservation and peak demand reduction. Researchers studying the effects of feedback on everyday energy use have observed substantial variation in effect size, both within and between studies. Although researchers still continue to question the types of feedback that are most effective in encouraging conservation and peak load reduction, some trends have emerged. These include that feedback be received as quickly as possible to the time of consumption;be related to a standard;be clear and meaningful and where possible both direct and indirect feedback be customised to the customer. In general, the literature finds that feedback can reduce electricity consumption in homes by 5 to 20 percent, but that significant gaps remain in our knowledge of the effectiveness and cost benefit of feedback.

关键词： Electricity Energy Conservation Feedback Residential

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British Soccer Academy Personnel Perceive Psychological and Technical/Tactical Attributes as the Most Important Contributors to Development

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 37-48页

作者： Rich J.Kite Mark R.Noon Rhys morris peter Mundy Neil D.Clarke Faculty of Health Academy Sports Science and Medical Department Coventry City Football ClubCoventryUK

Purpose Understanding the desired attributes for talented soccer players may give insight into the process of(de)selection and player *** study aimed to explore soccer academy personnel’s perceptions of attributes associated with talent and *** Thirty English and Scottish academy personnel(managers,coaches,recruitment,sports scientists)provided per-ceptions into what attributes contribute to‘talent’,via an online *** an E-Delphi method,seven experts refined these inputs over several rounds until a consensus was reached,resulting in 82 agreed *** terminology was resubmitted via a second online survey,where 45 academy personnel rated each using a Likert *** A ranking of attributes by importance was produced,finding Psychological and Technical/Tactical attributes con-sidered of greatest *** were observed,whereby recruitment personnel consistently over-emphasised the importance of several attributes compared to other personnel(P=0.02-0.04).When analyzed within each age phase,11 variations in the perceived importance of attributes were demonstrated in the youth phase(11-16 years,P=0.01)compared with 5 in the professional phases(17-23 years,P=0.01-0.05)Conclusion The present study demonstrates that‘talent’requires multifaceted developments,with academy personnel per-ceiving psychological attributes the most important contributor to development.

关键词： Talent development Characteristics Elite player performance plan Youth

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Application of a Bayesian Network Complex System Model Examining the Importance of Customer-Industry Engagement to Peak Electricity Demand Reduction

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2016年第2期5卷 31-47页

作者： Desley Vine Laurie Buys Jim Lewis peter morris School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia School of Design Creative Industries Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia

This paper explores the importance of customer-industry engagement (CIE) to peak energy demand by means of a newly developed Bayesian Network (BN) complex systems model entitled the Residential Electricity Peak Demand Model (REPDM). The REPDM is based on a multi-disciplinary perspective designed to solve the complex problem of residential peak energy demand. The model provides a way to conceptualise and understand the factors that shift and reduce consumer demand in peak times. To gain insight into the importance of customer-industry engagement in affecting residential peak demand, this research investigates intervention impacts and major influences through testing five scenarios using different levels of customer-industry engagement activities. Scenario testing of the model outlines the dependencies between the customer-industry engagement interventions and the probabilities that are estimated to govern the dependencies that influence peak demand. The output from the model shows that there can be a strong interaction between the level of CIE activities and interventions. The influence of CIE activity can increase public and householder support for peak reduction and the model shows how the economic, technical and social interventions can achieve greater peak demand reductions when well-designed with appropriate levels of CIE activities.

关键词： Peak Electricity Demand Residential Electricity Complex Systems Modelling Customer-Industry-Engagement

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Hyperdense artery sign, symptomatic infarct swelling and effect of alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 238-243页

作者： Simiao Wu grant Mair geoff Cohen Zoe morris Anders von Heijne Nick Bradey Lesley Cala Andre Peeters Andrew J Farrall Alessandro Adami gillian Potter Ming Liu Richard I Lindley peter A g Sandercock Joanna M Wardlaw the IST-3 Collaborative group Department of Neurology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd HospitalStockholmSweden Neuroradiology James Cook University HospitalSouth Tees Hospital NHS TrustMiddlesbroughUK Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine School of MedicineThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Cliniques universitaires Saint-LucBruxellesBelgium Stroke Center IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don CalabriaVeronaItaly Department of Neuroradiology Manchester Centre for Clinical NeurosciencesSalford Royal NHS Foundation TrustSalfordUK Westmead Applied Research Centre Westmead Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia The george Institute for global Health NewtownNew South WalesAustralia UK Dementia Research Institute Centre at the University of Edinburgh EdinburghUnited Kingdom 不详

Background Alteplase improves functional outcomes of patients with acute ischaemic stroke,but its effects on symptomatic infarct swelling,an adverse complication of stroke and the influence of CT hyperdense artery sign(HAS)are *** substudy of the Third International Stroke Trial aimed to investigate the association between HAS and symptomatic infarct swelling and effect of intravenous alteplase on this *** We included stroke patients whose prerandomisation scan was non-contrast ***,masked to clinical information,assessed baseline(prerandomisation)and follow-up(24-48 hours postrandomisation)CT scans for HAS,defined as an intracranial artery appearing denser than contralateral *** infarct swelling was defined as clinically significant neurological deterioration≤7 days after stroke with radiological evidence of midline shift,effacement of basal cisterns or uncal *** Among 2961 patients,HAS presence at baseline was associated with higher risk of symptomatic infarct swelling(OR 2.21;95% CI 1.42 to 3.44).Alteplase increased the risk of swelling(OR 1.69;95% CI 1.11 to 2.57),with no difference between patients with and those without baseline HAS(p=0.49).In patients with baseline HAS,alteplase reduced the proportion with HAS at follow-up(OR 0.67;95% CI 0.50 to 0.91),where HAS disappearance was associated with reduced risk of swelling(OR 0.25,95% CI 0.14 to 0.47).Conclusion Although alteplase was associated with increased risk of symptomatic infarct swelling in patients with or without baseline HAS,it was also associated with accelerated clearance of HAS,which in return reduced swelling,providing further mechanistic insights to underpin the benefits of alteplase.

关键词： infarct swelling effect

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