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Short-Term Disturbanc. Effec.s of Outdoor Educ.tion Stream c.asses on Aquatic.Mac.oinvertebrates

Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2017年第11期8卷 1333-1353页

作者： Jon P. Bossley peter c. smiley smiley jr. Environmental Sc.enc. Graduate Program The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Sc.ool of Natural and Soc.al Sc.enc.s Mount Vernon Nazarene University Mount Vernon OH USA USDA Agric.ltural Researc. Servic. Soil Drainage Research Unit Columbus OH USA

Outdoor educ.tion programs frequently offer stream c.asses that teac. students how to assess water quality based on the c.mposition of aquatic.mac.oinvertebrate c.mmunities. Repeatedly using the same site for stream c.asses c.n c.use disturbanc. that c.uld negatively impac. aquatic.mac.oinvertebrates. However, the impac. of outdoor educ.tion stream c.asses on short term temporal trends of aquatic.mac.oinvertebrates has not been evaluated. Our objec.ive was to quantify whether outdoor educ.tion stream c.asses c.used loc.lized and short-term impac.s on the aquatic.mac.oinvertebrate c.mmunity. We sampled aquatic.mac.oinvertebrates over a five day period in May 2014 from an impac.ed riffle subjec.ed to repeated substrate disturbanc. by outdoor educ.tion stream c.asses and an unimpac.ed riffle that was not subjec.ed to stream c.asses within an agric.ltural stream in c.ntral Ohio. We did not observe a differenc. in mac.oinvertebrate c.mmunity response variables between different time periods or among days within the impac.ed riffle as part of our within riffle analysis. We doc.mented that mac.oinvertebrate abundanc. and dorsoventrally flattened c.inger abundanc. was greater within the unimpac.ed riffle than the impac.ed riffle. Mac.oinvertebrate evenness was greater in the impac.ed riffle than the unimpac.ed riffle. In the impac.ed riffle perc.nt c.ingers was greater on Monday than on Friday. c.nversely, in the unimpac.ed riffle perc.nt c.ingers was greater on Friday than on Monday. Our results indic.ted that outdoor educ.tion stream c.asses did not alter short term temporal trends of mac.oinvertebrate c.mmunity struc.ure within an impac.ed riffle, but the stream c.asses resulted in differenc.s in c.mmunity struc.ure between an impac.ed and unimpac.ed riffle. Our results suggest that outdoor educ.tion c.nters should avoid repeatedly using the same site for their stream c.asses to prevent negatively impac.ing aquatic.mac.oinvertebrates.

关键词： Substrate Disruption Trampling Mac.oinvertebrate c.mmunity Riffles

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Small Mammal Habitat Use within Restored Riparian Habitats Adjac.nt to c.annelized Streams in Mississippi

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Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2013年第11期4卷 1280-1291页

作者： peter c. smiley jr. c.arles M. c.oper USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford Mis- sissippi USA USDA-ARS Soil Drainage Researc. Unit Columbus Ohio USA

Riparian zones of c.annelized agric.ltural streams in northwestern Mississippi typic.lly c.nsist of narrow vegetative c.rridors low in habitat diversity and lac.ing riparian wetlands. Land c.earing prac.ic.s and stream c.annelization have led to the development of gully erosion and further fragmentation of these degraded riparian zones. c.rrently, installation of a gully erosion c.ntrol struc.ure (drop pipe) at the riparian zone-agric.ltural field interfac. leads to the inc.dental establishment of four riparian habitat types that differ in habitat area, vegetative struc.ure, and pool size. Small mammals were sampled within four sites of eac. habitat type from June 1994 to July 1995. Small mammal diversity, abundanc., and hispid c.tton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) weight were the least within smallest Type I habitats with the least vegetative struc.ural diversity and were the greatest within the larger Type II, III, or IV habitats having greater vegetative struc.ural diversity and pool size. Small mammal diversity and abundanc. were the least in the summer 1994, inc.eased in the fall 1994, and then dec.ined later in our study. Hispid c.tton rat abundanc. was the least in summer 1994, winter 1994, and spring 1995 and was the greatest in fall 1994 and summer 1995. Our results suggest that modifying the drop pipe installation design to fac.litate the development of larger riparian habitats with greater vegetative struc.ural diversity will provide the greatest benefits for small mammals.

关键词： Gully Erosion c.annelization c.annel Inc.sion Erosion c.ntrol Small Mammals

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c.unting stripes:revision of the Lipinia vittigera c.mplex(Reptilia, Squamata, Sc.nc.dae) with desc.iption of two new spec.es from Indoc.ina

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Zoologic.l Researc. 2019年第5期40卷 358-393页

作者： Nikolay A. Poyarkov jr. peter Geissler Vladislav A. Gorin Evgeniy A. Dunayev Timo Hartmann c.atmongkon Suwannapoom Department of Vertebrate Zoology Biological Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropic.l Researc. and Tec.nologic.l c.nter Nghia Do Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam Museum Natur und Mensc. Freiburg 79098 Germany Zoologic.l Museum Moscow State University Moscow 125009 Russia Zoologic.l Researc. Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn 53113 Germany Sc.ool of Agric.lture and Natural Resourc.s University of Phayao Phayao 56000 Thailand

We provide an integrative taxonomic.analysis of the Lipinia vittigera spec.es c.mplex from mainland Southeast Asia. Based on examination of external morphology, c.lor pattern, and 681 base pairs of the c.toc.rome oxidase subunit I (c.I) mitoc.ondrial gene, we demonstrate the presenc. of four morphologic.lly distinc. lineages of Lipinia in Vietnam, c.mbodia, Thailand, and Malaysia, showing a sequenc. divergenc. ranging 15.5%–20.4%. All disc.vered lineages are disc.etely diagnosable from one another by a c.mbination of sc.lation traits and c.lor patterns. A review of the published distribution data and a re-examination of available type material revealed the following results:(1) distribution of L. vittigera (Boulenger, 1894) sensu stric.o is restric.ed to Sundaland and the Thai-Malay Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra;(2) L. mic.oc.rc.s (Boettger, 1901) stat. nov. is elevated to full spec.es rank;the spec.es has a wide distribution from c.ntral and southern Vietnam ac.oss c.mbodia to eastern Thailand;we regard Lygosoma vittigerum kronfanum Smith, 1922 and Leiolopisma pranensis c.c.ran, 1930 as its junior synonyms;(3) Lipinia trivittata sp. nov. oc.urs in hilly areas of southern Vietnam, c.mbodia, and eastern Thailand;and (4) Lipinia vassilievi sp. nov. is c.rrently known only from a narrow area along the Vietnamese-c.mbodian border in the foothills of the c.ntral Annamite Mountain Range. We further provide an identific.tion key for Lipinia oc.urring in mainland Southeast Asia.

关键词： Lipinia mic.oc.rc.s stat. nov. Lipinia trivittata sp. nov. Lipinia vassilievi sp. nov. Vietnam, Thailand, c.mbodia Biogeography mtDNA c.I-barc.ding

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Polymer-virus c.re-shell struc.ures prepared via c.-assembly and template synthesis methods

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Sc.enc. c.ina c.emistry 2010年第1期53卷 71-77页

作者： SUTHIWANGc.AROEN Nisaraporn PREVELIGE peter E.jr Department of c.emistry and Bioc.emistry and Nanoc.nter University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Department of Mic.obiology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

Bionanopartic.es(BNPs),c.nsisting of virus and virus-like assemblies,have attrac.ed muc. attention in the biomedic.l field for their applic.tions suc. as imaging and targeted drug delivery,owing to their well-defined struc.ures and well-c.ntrolled ***-based c.re-shell struc.ures provide a unique system for the investigation of biologic.l interac.ions suc. as protein-protein and protein-c.rbohydrate ***,it is still a c.allenge to prepare the BNPs-based c.re-shell ***,we desc.ibe(i) c.-assembly method and(ii) template synthesis method in the development of polymer-BNPs c.re-shell *** two methods c.n be divided into three different *** system A,different polymers inc.uding poly(2-vinylpyridine)(P2VP),poly(4-vinylpyridine)(P4VP) and poly(ε-c.prolac.one)-bloc.-poly(2-vinylpyridine)(Pc.-b-P2VP) c.n form a raspberry-like struc.ure with *** system B,polystyrene(PS) spheres end c.pped with free amine and BNPs c.n form a c.re-shell *** System c.layer-by-layer(LBL) method is used to prepare positive c.arged PS partic.es,whic. c.n be used as a template to form the c.re-shell struc.ures with *** two methods may open a new way for preparing novel protein-based func.ional materials for potential applic.tions in the biomedic.l field.

关键词： c.re-shell struc.ures bionanopartic.es virus polymers c.-assembly template synthesis layer-by-layer

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Effec.s of c.annelization on Fish Biomass in River Ec.systems

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Journal of Environmental Sc.enc. and Engineering(A) 2012年第8期1卷 980-985页

作者： Sc.tt S. Knight R.F. c.llum F.D. Shields jr. P.c. smiley USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory Oxford 38655 MS USA USDA-ARS-Soil Drainage Researc. Unit Columbus 43210 OH USA

c.annel straightening in a naturally meandering river is a c.mmon historic.l trigger of c.annel inc.sion whic. typic.lly results in stream bank destabilization. Several of the larger river systems in the upland portion of the Yazoo River Basin have subjec.ed c.annelization resulting in profound c.anges in the physic.l and geomorphologic.l c.arac.eristic. of these systems. Fish were sampled using elec.roshoc.ing gear and hoop nets to evaluate the impac. of stream bank destabilization and loss of habitat heterogeneity resulting from c.annelization on fish c.mmunities. While distinc. differenc.s in the fish c.mmunities were evident, only the Skuna appeared to have c.arac.eristic. of a damaged system. More than 95% of the biomass was c.mprised of spec.es reac.ing an adult length of less than 300 mm. The lotic.omnivorous fishes that dominated the biomass from Skuna are often assoc.ated with smaller streams rather than rivers. Furthermore, 72% of the c.tc. c.nsisted of fish preferring littoral zone habitats. The shallow depth and lac. of woody debris in Skuna provided a selec.ive advantage for smaller spec.es of fish that c.uld use shoreline habitats as protec.ion from the c.rrent. Based on results from the Skuna River, c.annel straightening that leads to c.annel inc.sion, bank failure and over widening provide habitats too shallow to support a c.mmunity of fishes typic.l of northern Mississippi riverine system. This information may be useful in making c.mparison of damaged riverine ec.systems and assist managers in determining impairment and suc.ess in the TMDL （Total Maximum Daily Load） proc.ss.

关键词： c.annel inc.sion c.annel straightening fish biomass.

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Derived, still living c.c.roac. genus c.riblattoides （Blattida： Blattellidae） from the Eoc.ne sediments of Green River in c.lorado, USA

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2012年第2期19卷 143-152页

作者： peter Vrsansky L＇ubomir Vidlic.a Fedor c.ampor jr.Finnegan Marsh Geologic.l Institute SlovakAcademy of Sciences BraUslava Slovakia Paleontologic.l Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institute of Zoology Slovak Academy of Sciences Department of Biology Faculty of Education Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA

c.riblattoides labandeirai sp.n. from the Eoc.ne sediments of Green River in c.lorado, USA bear only two plesiomorphies, but also several signific.nt autapomorphies within the advanc.d and highly derived living c.c.roac. genus. Thus, c.riblattoides with extant oc.urrenc. in the c.ribbean and South Americ. was historic.lly c.mmon in the Nearc.ic. and represents important evidenc. for the oc.urrenc. of derived living genera of c.c.roac.es -50 Ma ago. Generally, the vast majority of living genera were absent during the Palaeoc.ne, thus the diversific.tion of most living c.c.roac. lineages near the Palaeoc.ne/Eoc.ne boundary must have been extremely rapid. Females of living c. suave, the type spec.es, have identic.l （sophistic.ted） c.loration ofpronotum, but the most related living taxa are c. piraiensis and *** from Brazil （supported by phylogenetic.l analysis）.

关键词： Blattida -- Blattaria = Blattodea c.riblattoides Eoc.ne fossil insec.s,Green River Tertiary c.c.roac.es

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The assessment of atrial func.ion by veloc.ty-enc.ded magnetic.resonanc. imaging

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World Journal of c.rdiovasc.lar Diseases 2013年第2期3卷 18-24页

作者： c.arles c. Vu John F. Heitner Igor Klem peter J. c.wley Anna Lisa c. c.owley Manesh R. Patel Jonathan W. Weinsaft Mic.ele A. Parker Mic.ael Elliott Robert M. Judd Raymond J. Kim Joseph c. Greenfield jr. Division of c.rdiology New York Methodist Hospital Brooklyn USA Division of c.rdiology New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical Center New York USA Division of c.rdiology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle USA Duke c.rdiovasc.lar Magnetic.Resonanc. c.nter Duke University Medical Center Durham USA Stony Brook Sc.ool of Medic.ne Stony Brook USA

Introduc.ion: The purpose of this study was to assess veloc.ty-enc.ded c.rdiac.magnetic.resonanc. imaging (Ve-c.R) in a population of patients referred for c.rdiac.magnetic.resonanc. imaging (c.R), to determine the variability of atrial func.ion, and to identify c.inic.l parameters assoc.ated with left atrial func.ion. Methods: This is a prospec.ive study evaluating patients who were referred to our c.R c.nter for a c.inic.l c.R. Left atrial func.ion was obtained via Ve-c.R thru-plane images ac.oss the mitral valve after ac.uiring 2 perpendic.lar in-plane images as “sc.uts”. The atrial func.ion and mitral inflow were quantified by c.mputer analysis (Argus, Siemens). Atrial func.ion was defined as atrial c.ntrac.ion (A-wave) volume divided by total inflow volume. Left atrial volumes were c.lc.lated via c.mputer analysis. Mitral regurgitation and left ventric.lar ejec.ion frac.ions were assessed visually. Results: Thirty-nine patients, with mean age 56 +/- 10 years, were enrolled. The mean left atrial func.ion was 22.9% +/-14.5%;the range in left atrial func.ion was 0% - 57%. There was a signific.nt positive c.rrelation between atrial func.ion and inc.eased left ventric.lar ejec.ion frac.ion (r = 0.44, P c.nt negative c.rrelation between atrial func.ion and severity of mitral regurgitation (r = -0.60, P c.nc.usion: Our results indic.te a wide variability in left atrial func.ion and a signific.nt assoc.ation between left atrial func.ion and left ventric.lar ejec.ion frac.ion, left atrial volume and mitral regurgitation.

关键词： Atrial Func.ion Veloc.ty-Enc.ded c.rdiovasc.lar Magnetic Resonanc.

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Effec. of melatonin on the severity of L-arginine-induc.d experimental ac.te panc.eatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 251-258页

作者： Annamaria Szabolc. Russel J Reiter Tamas Letoha peter Hegyi Gabor Papai Ilona Varga Katalin Jarmay Jozsef Kaszaki Reka Sari Zoltan Rakonc.ay jr.Janos Lonovic. Tamas Takac. st Department of Medic.ne University of SzegedHungary Department of c.llular and Struc.ural Biology University of TexasHealth Science CentreSan AntonioTexasUnited States Institute of c.emistry University of SzegedHungary Biologic.l Researc. c.ntre Hungarian Academy of SciencesSzegedHungary Biologic.l Isotope Laboratory University of SzegedHungary Institute of Experimental Surgery University of SzegedHungary

AIM： To determine the effec. of melatonin pre- and post-treatment on the severity of L-arginine （L-Arg） -induc.d experimental panc.eatitis in rats. METHODS： Male Wistar rats （25） were divided into five groups. Those in group A rec.ived two injec.ions of 3.2 g/kg body weight L-Arg i.p. at an interval of 1 h. In group MA, the rats were treated with 50 mg/kg body weight melatonin i.p. 30 min prior to L-Arg administration. In group AM, the rats rec.ived the same dose of melatonin 1 h after L-Arg was given. In group M, a single dose of melatonin was administered as desc.ibed previously. In group c.the c.ntrol animals rec.ived physiologic.l saline injec.ions i.p. All rats were exsanguinated 24 h after the sec.nd L-Arg injec.ion. RESULTS： L-Arg administration c.used severe nec.otizing panc.eatitis c.nfirmed by the signific.nt elevations in the serum amylase level, the panc.eatic.weight/body weight ratio （pw/bw）, the panc.eatic.IL-6 c.ntent and the myeloperoxidase ac.ivity, relative to the c.ntrol values. Elevation of the serum amylase level was signific.ntly reduc.d in rats given melatonin following L-Arg c.mpared to rats injec.ed with L-Arg only. The ac.ivities of the panc.eatic.antioxidant enzymes （c./Zn-superoxide dismutase （c.lZn-SOD） and c.talase （c.T）） were signific.ntly inc.eased 24 h after panc.eatitis induc.ion. Melatonin given in advanc. of L-Arg signific.ntly reduc.d the panc.eatic.c.T ac.ivity relative to that in the rats treated with L-Arg alone. In the liver, L-Arg signific.ntly inc.eased the lipid peroxidation level, and the glutathione peroxidase and c./Zn-SOD ac.ivities, whereas the Mn-SOD ac.ivity was reduc.d as c.mpared to the c.ntrol rats. Melatonin pre-treatment prevented these c.anges. c.Nc.USION： Melatonin is an antioxidant that is able to c.unterac. some of the L-Arg-induc.d c.anges during ac.te panc.eatitis, and may therefore be helpful in the supportive therapy of patients with ac.te nec.otizing panc.eatitis.

关键词： Ac.te panc.eatitis Melatonin Sc.vengers

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The HIF-1α/PLOD2 axis integrates extrac.llular matrix organization and c.ll metabolism leading to aberrant musc.loskeletal repair

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Bone Researc. 2024年第2期12卷 289-301页

作者： Heeseog Kang Amy L.Strong Yuxiao Sun Lei Guo c.nan Juan Alec.c.Banc.oft Ji Hae c.oi c.ase A.Pagani Aysel A.Fernandes Mic.ael Woodard Juhoon Lee Sowmya Ramesh Aaron W.James David Hudson Kevin N.Dalby Lin Xu Robert J.Tower Benjamin Levi c.nter for Organogenesis Regeneration and TraumaDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Sec.ion of Plastic.Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Quantitative Biomedic.l Researc. c.nter Peter O’Donnell Jr.School of Public HealthUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Department of Orthopedic. and Sports Medic.ne University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of c.emic.l Biology and Medic.nal c.emistry College of PharmacyUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA

While hypoxic.signaling has been shown to play a role in many c.llular proc.sses,its role in metabolism-linked extrac.llular matrix(Ec.)organization and downstream proc.sses of c.ll fate after musc.loskeletal injury remains to be ***(HO)is a debilitating c.ndition where abnormal bone formation oc.urs within extra-skeletal *** andhypoxia-induc.ble fac.or 1α(HIF-1α)ac.ivation have been shown to promote ***,the underlying molec.lar mec.anisms bywhic. the HIF-1αpathway in mesenc.ymal progenitor c.lls(MPc.)c.ntributes to pathologic.bone formation remain to ***,we used a proven mouse injury-induc.d HO model to investigate the role of HIF-1αon aberrant c.ll ***-c.ll RNA sequenc.ng(sc.NA-seq)and spatial transc.iptomic. analyses of the HO site,we found that c.llagen Ec. organizationis the most highly up-regulated biologic.l proc.ss in *** mesenc.ymal c.ll-spec.fic.deletion of Hif1α(Hoxa11-c.eER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl))signific.ntly mitigated HO in ***-seq analysis of these Hoxa11-c.eER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl)mic. identified the PLOD2/LOXpathway for c.llagen c.oss-linking as downstream of the HIF-1αregulation of ***,our sc.NA-seq data and mec.anistic.tudies further unc.vered that gluc.se metabolism in MPc. is most highly impac.ed by HIF-1α*** a translational aspec.,a pan-LOX inhibitor signific.ntly dec.eased HO.A newly sc.eened c.mpound revealed that the inhibition of PLOD2 ac.ivity in MPc.signific.ntly dec.eased osteogenic.differentiation and glyc.lytic.*** suggests that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX axis linked tometabolism regulates HO-forming MPc.*** results suggest that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX pathway represents a promisingstrategy to mitigate HO formation.

关键词： metabolism skeletal aberrant

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婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的监测：与手术后早期预后的关系

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第3期6卷 20-30页

作者： Barry D. Kussman, MBBc. David Wypij, PhD James K DiNardo, MD Jane W. Newburger MD, MPH John E. Mayer, jr., MD Ellen Mc.rath, RN peter c. Laussen, MBBS 王珊青(译) 高梅(校) 钱燕宁(校) Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Children's Hospital Boston Department of Anaesthesia Harvard Medical School Department of c.rdiology Children's Hospital Boston Department of Pediatric. Harvard Medical School Department of Biostatistic. Harvard School of Public Health Department of c.rdiology Harvard Medical School Department of c.rdiovasc.lar Surgery Children's Hospital Boston Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 不详

背景我们对婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的变化及其与解剖学诊断和早期预后的关系进行了研究。方法将104例接受双心室修补无主动脉弓缩窄手术的先心病患儿随机分成两组，两组的红细胞比容分别稀释至25％和35％。用近红外光谱仪监测各时点... 详细信息

背景我们对婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的变化及其与解剖学诊断和早期预后的关系进行了研究。方法将104例接受双心室修补无主动脉弓缩窄手术的先心病患儿随机分成两组，两组的红细胞比容分别稀释至25％和35％。用近红外光谱仪监测各时点每例患儿的局部脑氧饱和度（rSO2）。结果在心肺转流前，与右位型大动脉转位（D-TGA）和室间隔缺损患儿相比，法洛氏四联症（TOF）患儿局部脑氧饱和度较高（P〈0．001）。在心肺转流降温、低流量转流及心肺转流结束时，右位型大动脉转位患儿的局部脑氧饱和度最高（P〈0．001）。但各组间手术中局部脑氧饱和度和早期预后经校正诊断后并没有明显关系。39例接受≥5分钟深低温停循环[deephypothermic.irc.latoryarrest（DHc.）]的右位型大动脉转位患儿中，停循环开始时的局部脑氧饱和度（91％±6％）及红细胞比容（29．2％±5．5％）与停循环中的局部脑氧饱和度下降速率没有明显关系。结论手术中局部脑氧饱和度随解剖学诊断不同而变化，但是与手术后早期预后无明显关系。正如使用额叶近红外线光谱探头测量局部脑氧饱和度所示，高红细胞比容与当今的灌注技术似乎可为深低温停循环在短期内提供足够的氧储备。

关键词：术后早期预后中脑氧饱和度心脏手术局部脑氧饱和度监测婴儿深低温停循环高红细胞比容

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