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带有机械电子元件的车辆底盘基于虚拟样机的优化设计

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工程设计学报 2006年第6期13卷 440-446,458页

作者： Yu Du[德] peter Maiβer 吕新生（翻译）杨超操（译校）大众股份公司不详合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院 230009 魏德米勒电联结（苏州）有限公司 215000

提出带有机械电子元件的车辆底盘的优化设计方法和工具.为此,开发了一种转换软件,使得ADAM S/C ar的多体系统(M K S)车辆模型能够自动转换到软件工具a laska中,随后,转换成的车辆模型通过轮胎模型、驾驶员模型和机械电子操纵装置模型加... 详细信息

提出带有机械电子元件的车辆底盘的优化设计方法和工具.为此,开发了一种转换软件,使得ADAM S/C ar的多体系统(M K S)车辆模型能够自动转换到软件工具a laska中,随后,转换成的车辆模型通过轮胎模型、驾驶员模型和机械电子操纵装置模型加以扩展,整个系统符号化的模型方程由a laska生成,并且以C代码形式输出.进行了车辆动力学评价准则的分析,为以性能准则(目标函数)和附加准则(约束函数)的形式进行多目标优化作好准备.讨论了各种灵敏度分析方法,自动微分被作为一种符号化方法的有用工具引入.对不同的优化方法进行了试验和对比,优化计算在工作站集群的通讯传输系统M P I支持下并行运行.所开发方法和工具的效率已在实际应用案例中得到体现.

关键词：优化设计方法机械电子电子元件车辆底盘虚拟样机软件工具盘基车辆模型

Phytochrome-regulated Gene Expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第1期49卷 11-20页

作者： peter H. Quail Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Cafifomia Berkeley CA 94720 USA U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service-Plant Gene Expression Center 800 Buchanan Street Albany CA 94710 LISA

Identification of all genes involved in the phytochrome （phy）-medieted responses of plants to their light environment is an important goal in providing an overall understanding of light-regulated growth end development. This article highlights end integrates the central findings of two recent comprehensive studies in Arabidopsis that have identified the genome-wide set of phy-reguleted genes that respond rapidly to red-light signals upon first exposure of dark-grown seedlings, and have tested the functional relevance to normal seedling photomorphogenesis of an Initial subset of these genes. The data：（a） reveal considerable complexity in the channeling of the light signals through the different phy-femily members （phyA to phyE） to responsive genes; （b） identify a diversity of transcription-factor-encoding genes as major early, if not primary, targets of phy signaling, end, therefore, as potentially important regulators in the transcriptional-network hierarchy; and （c） identify auxin-related genes as the dominant class among rapidly-regulated, hormone-related genes. However, reverse-genetic functional profiling of a selected subset of these genes reveals that only a limited fraction are necessary for optimal phy-induced seedling deetioletion.

关键词： expression profiling phytochrome signaling transcriptional networks microarrays reverse genetics functional profiling transcription factors auxin-related genes

The pollen tube clear zone: Clues to the mechanism of polarized growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 79-92页

作者： peter K.Hepler Lawrence J.Winship Biology Department University of Massachusetts School of Natural Science Hampshire College

Pollen tubes usually exhibit a prominent region at their apex called the ＂clear zone＂ because it lacks light refracting amyloplasts. A robust, long clear zone often associates with fast growing pollen tubes, and thus serves as an indicator of pollen tube health. Nevertheless we do not understand how it arises or how it is maintained. Here we review the structure of the clear zone, and attempt to explain the factors that contribute to its formation. While amyloplasts and vacuolar elements are excluded from the clear zone, virtually all other organelles are present including secretory vesicles, mitochondria, Golgi dictyosomes, and the endoplas-mic reticulum （er）. Secretory vesicles aggregate into an inverted cone appressed against the apical plasma membrane. er elements move nearly to the extreme apex, whereas mitochondria and Golgi dictyosomes move less far forward. The cortical actin fringe assumes a central position in the control of clear zone formation and maintenance, given its role in generating cytoplasmic streaming. Other likely factors include the tip-focused calcium gradient, the apical pH gradient, the influx of water, and a host of signaling factors （small G-proteins）. We think that the clear zone is an emergent property that depends on the interaction of several factors crucial for polarized growth.

关键词： Actin endoplasmic reticulum myosin polarized growth pollen tube

Jade Myths and the Formation of Chinese Identity

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2017年第4期7卷 377-398页

作者： YE Shu-xian LIU Wan-er Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

Reality is constructed by societies, whose process must be analyzed by the sociology of knowledge. The ＂reality＂, taken as granted by the public, has sharp contrast from one society to another. By peter Berger and Thomas Luckman： The Social Construction of Reality Chinese civilization is the only surviving one that has a continual history that lasts for several thousand years since the Stone Age. What＇s the secret of its lasting cultural vitality？ How can it live through numerous military conflicts and political transitions and still firmly hold a large population of various ethnics within its administration？ A long-established cultural centripetal force, i.e. cultural identity shared by multi parties, shall be the key to former questions. According to current focus of cultural research, this force is termed as ＂Chinese identity＂, which explores the formation and continuation of Chinese civilization from the perspective of cultural identity. What is cultural identity？ A simplified answer is：

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Carbon dioxide fluxes of tundra vegetation communities on an esker top in the low-Arctic

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Advances in Polar Science 2020年第3期31卷 167-177页

作者： peter M.LAFLEUR A.Brett CAMPEAU Sohee KANG School of the Environment Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada Geography Department Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Previous studies have shown that carbon dioxide fluxes vary considerably among Arctic environments and it is important to assess these differences in order to develop our understanding of the role of Arctic tundra in the global carbon cycle. Although many previous studies have examined tundra carbon dioxide fluxes, few have concentrated on elevated terrain(hills and ridge tops) that is exposed to harsh environmental conditions resulting in sparse vegetation cover and seemingly low productivity. In this study we measured carbon dioxide(CO2) exchange of four common tundra communities on the crest of an esker located in the central Canadian low-Arctic. The objectives were to quantify and compare CO2 fluxes from these communities, investigate responses to environmental variables and qualitatively compare fluxes with those from similar communities growing in less harsh lowland tundra environments. Measurements made during July and August 2010 show there was little difference in net ecosystem exchange(NEE) and gross ecosystem production(GEP) among the three deciduous shrub communities, Arctous alpina, Betula glandulosa and Vaccinium uliginosum, with means ranging from -4.09 to -6.57 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and -7.92 to -9.24 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively. Empetrum nigrum communities had significantly smaller mean NEE and GEP(-1.74 and -4.08 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively). Ecosystem respiration(er) was similar for all communities(2.56 to 3.03 μmol·m^-2·s^-1), except the B. glandulosa community which had a larger mean flux(4.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). Overall, fluxes for these esker-top communities were near the upper range of fluxes reported for other tundra communities. er was related to soil temperature in all of the communities. Only B. glandulosa GEP and er showed sensitivity to a persistent decline in soil moisture throughout the study. These findings may have important implications for how esker tops would be treated in construction of regional carbon budgets and for predicting the im

关键词： tundra carbon exchange net ecosystem exchange gross ecosystem productivity ecosystem respiration low-Arctic esker top xerophytes

Organelle pH in the Arabidopsis Endomembrane System

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Molecular Plant 2013年第5期6卷 1419-1437页

作者： Jinbo Shen Yonglun Zeng Xiaohong Zhuang Lei Sun Xiaoqiang Yao peter Pimpl Liwen Jiang School of Life Sciences Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China Developmental Genetics Centre for Plant Molecular Biology University of Tubingen D-72076 Tubingen Germany CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of I-long Kong Shenzhen 518057 China

The pH of intracellular compartments is essential for the viability of cells. Despite its relevance, little is known about the pH of these compartments. To measure pH in vivo, we have first generated two pH sensors by combining the improved-solubility feature of solubility-modified green fluorescent protein （GFP）（smGFP） with the pH-sensing capabil- ity of the pHluorins and codon optimized for expression in Arabidopsis. PEpHluorin （plant-solubility-modified ecliptic pHluorin） gradually loses fluorescence as pH is lowered with fluorescence vanishing at pH 6.2 and PRpHluorin （plant- solubility-modified ratiomatric pHluorin）, a dual-excitation sensor, allowing for precise measurements. Compartment- specific sensors were generated by further fusing specific sorting signals to PEpHluorin and PRpHluorin. Our results show that the pH of cytosol and nucleus is similar （pH 7.3 and 7.2）, while peroxisomes, mitochondrial matrix, and plastidial stroma have alkaline pH. Compartments of the secretory pathway reveal a gradual acidification, spanning from pH 7.1 in the endoplasmic reticulum （er） to pH 5.2 in the vacuole. Surprisingly, pH in the trans-Golgi network （TGN） and mul- tivesicular body （MVB） is, with pH 6.3 and 6.2, quite similar. The inhibition of vacuolar-type H＋-ATPase （V-ATPase） with concanamycin A （ConcA） caused drastic increase in pH in TGN and vacuole. Overall, the PEpHluorin and PRpHluorin are excellent pH sensors for visualization and quantification of pH in vivo, respectively.

关键词： Arabidopsis Golgi endomembrane system er MVB nucleus pH TGN vacuole.

Optical coherence tomography of the living human kidney

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第2期7卷 88-97页

作者： peter M.Andrews Hsing-Wen Wang Jeremiah Wierwlle Wei Gong Jennifer Verbesey Matthew Cooper Yu Chen Department of Biochemistry Molecular.and Celular Biology Georgetown University MedicalCenter WashingtonDC20007USA Fischell Department of Bioengineering Uriversity of Maryland College ParkMD 20742USA Colege of Photonic and Electric Engineering Fujian Normal University FuzhouChina Medstar Georgetown Transplant Inste Georgetown University Medical Center WashingtonD C 20007USA

Acute tubular necrosis(ATN)induced by ischemia is the most common insult to donor kidneysdestined for *** results from sweling and subsequent damage to cells lining thelkidney *** this study,we demonstrate the capability of optical coherence tomography(OcT)to image the renal microst ructures of living human donor kidneys and potentially providea measure to det ermine the extent of A *** also found that Doppler-based OCT(i.e.,DOCT)reveals renal blood flow dynamics that is another major factor which could relate to post-transplant renal *** OCT/DoCT oberva tions were performed in a noninvasive,sterileand timely manner on intact human kidneys both prior to(er vivo)and following(in vivo)*** results indicate that this imaging model provides transplant surgeons withan objective visualization of the transplant lidneys prior and immediately post transplantation.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography doppler optical coherence tomography acute tubularnecrosis kidney transplantation uriniferous tubules glomerulus renal blood flow

Elliptische Identifikationsstze als bildungselement ■gyptischer eulogien und hymnen

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2005年第1期20卷 125-146页

作者： peter Beylage Changchun

Bei seinen Bemuhungen um die Stilistik agyptischer Texte ging H. Grapow an verschiedenen Stellen auf die ,,Hymnenform in pw-Satzen' ein. Als ein wichtiges Kriterium stellte er dabei heraus, daβ es sich hierbei nicht um Hymnen an, sondern um Hymnen auf den Konig handelt.2 Mit ihrem deskriptiven Charakter, durch den sie Aussagen uber den Konig machen (NN pw - ,,Ein NN ist er'), entfaltet diese Form der Hymnen Wesenszuge des Konigs (besser: dogmatische Charakteristika des Konigtums) und setzt sich damit gegen

关键词： der tze als bildungselement gyptischer eulogien und hymnen Elliptische Identifikationss

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Blumen

德语学习 2007年第2期 8-9页

作者： peter Bichsel

Dann stellte er sie sich in einem Blumenladen vor, mit grüner Schürze^1 und Nel-kenlcheln^*** würde eintreten und fragen, ob es hier Blumen zu kaufen gebe und sie würde erschrecken und lcheln und sagen:Fast nur Blumen', und er würde auch lcheln.Ja, ich sehe', würde er sagen. Dann würde er fragen:Duften sie' Sie gibt keine Antwort. Sie nimmt eine gelbe Blume aus der nchsten Vase in die Hand und dreht sie zwischen Zeigefinger^3 und Daumen^4. Was wünschen Sie' will sie fragen, lsst es aber sein.Hat er gefragt, duften sie', fragt sie sich.Mir wird es peinlich', denkt sie. In Gedanken versucht sie ihm zuzuflüstern, was er sagen htte:

关键词： der Blumen