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Understanding and managing sanitary risks due to rodent zoonoses in an African city: beyond the Boston Model

Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 38-50页

作者： peter j.TAYLOR Lorraine ARNTZEN Mel HAYTER Malcolm ILES john FREAN Steven BELMAIN Durban Natural Science Museum eThekwini Libraries and Heritage DepartmentDurbanSouth Africa National Institute for Communicable Diseases National Health Laboratory ServiceSandringhamSouth Africa City Health:Communicable Diseases eThekwini MunicipalityDurbanSouth Africa Natural Resources Institute Chatham MaritimeKentUK

The Boston Model describes a successful rodent management plan that succeeded in a first-world city in the *** third-world cities, which often contain informal shack settlements, it is debatable whether the Boston Modelwould apply. In Durban, a major harbor city of three million people on the east coast of South Africa, we investigatedthe sanitary risks due to rodents in both formal (residential and commercial) and informal (shacks) sectors,and we evaluated the relative merits of different management interventions suggested by the Boston Model. Bloodand tissue samples of six species (Rattus norvegicus, R. tanezumi, R. rattus, Mus musculus, Mastomys natalensis,Tatera brantsi) from 262 live-trapped rodents from 54 localities were tested for antibodies or DNA for plague (n =193: antibody test), leptospirosis (n = 221 for antibody test;n = 69 for polymerase chain reaction test for DNA) andtoxoplasmosis (n = 217: antibody test). We conducted a socioeconomic survey of 90 household to determine environmentaland socioeconomic disease risk factors in the shack settlement of Cato Crest . No rodents wereseropositive for plague, but nine Norway rats, R. norvegicus (4.1% of the sample tested) were seropositive fortoxoplasmosis, and 22 R. norvegicus (10.0% of sample tested) were seropositive for leptospirosis. Disease endemicareas were concentrated in Cato Crest and the commercial district of Durban. Serology tests of humans living inCato Crest (n = 219) showed 0% exposure to plague, 23% to leptospirosis and 35% to toxoplasmosis. Comparedwith shack-dwellers, the residents of brick houses had slightly lower levels of exposure to leptospirosis andtoxoplasmosis. Based on our results, environmental hygiene and rodent-trapping campaigns were launched in CatoCrest. The initiative owes much of its current success to implementation of the principles inherent in the BostonModel, even though certain elements were lacking.

关键词： Durban leptospirosis plague rodent zoonoses toxoplasmosis.

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Quality of life following laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication: Assessing short-term and long-term outcomes

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第24期19卷 3810-3818页

作者： Ilmo Kellokumpu Markku Voutilainen Caj Haglund Martti Frkkil peter j Roberts Hannu Kautiainen Department of Surgery Central Hospital of Central Finland40620 Jyvskyl Finland Department of Gastroenterology Central Hospital of Central Finland40620 Jyvskyl Finland Department of Surgery Helsinki University Central Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Helsinki University Central Hospital Department of Surgery Turku University Hospital Biostatistician Unit of Primary Health Care Helsinki University Hospital Department of General Practice Primary Health Care Unit Turku University Hospital

AIM: To investigate the quality of life following lapa-roscopic Nissen fundoplication by assessing short-term and long-term outcomes. METHODS: From 1992 to 2005, 249 patients under-went laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Short-term outcome data including symptom response, side effects of surgery, endoscopy, and patient's perception of over-all success were collected prospectively. Long-term out-comes were investigated retrospectively in patients witha median follow-up of 10 years by assessment of reflux symptoms, side effects of surgery, durability of antire-flux surgery, need for additional treatment, patient's perception of success, and quality of life. Antireflux sur-gery was considered a failure based on the following criteria: moderate to severe heartburn or regurgitation; moderate to severe dysphagia reported in combination with heartburn or regurgitation; regular proton pump inhibitor medication use; endoscopic evidence of erosive esophagitis Savary-Miller grade 1-4; pathological 24-h pH monitoring; or necessity to undergo an additional surgery. The main outcome measures were short-and long-term cure rates and quality of life, with patient sat-isfaction as a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS: Conversion from laparoscopy to open sur-gery was necessary in 2.4% of patients. Mortality was zero and the 30-d morbidity was 7.6% (95%CI: 4.7%-11.7%). The median postoperative hospital stay was 2 d [interquartile range (IQR) 2-3 d]. Two hundred and forty-seven patients were interviewed for short-term analysis following endoscopy. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease was cured in 98.4% (95%CI: 95.9%-99.6%) of patients three months after surgery. New-onset dysphagia was encountered postoperatively in 13 patients (6.7%); 95% reported that the outcome was better after antireflux surgery than with preopera-tive medical treatment. One hundred and thirty-nine patients with a median follow-up of 10.2 years (IQR 7.2-11.6 years) were available for a long-term evalu-ation. Cumulativ

关键词： Laparoscopy Nissen fundoplication Long-term outcome Antireflux Gastrointestinal symptom rating scores RAND-36

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CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTITATION OF VASOPRESSIN METABOLITES IN RAT BRAIN BY SPECIFIC RADIOIMMUNOASSAY AND HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

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Science China Chemistry 1986年第8期29卷 832-843页

作者：王新昌,j.peter H.BURBACH,jEROEN TENHAAF,DAVID DE WIED Department of Biology Nanjing University Rudolf Magnus Institute for Pharmacology Medical Faculty University of Utrecht The netherlands. Rudolf Magnus Institute for Pharmacology Medical Faculty University of Utrecht The netherlands. Rudolf Magnus Institute for Pharmacology Medical Faculty University of Utrecht The netherlands.

The content of endogenons vasopressin (AVP1-9) and its metabolites in rat's various brain areas and pituitary gland was investigated by the combination techniques of high pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC） and radioimmunoassay （RIA）. In addition to the AVP1-9, several compounds with C-terminal AVP immunoreactivity were detected in hypothalamus, hippceampus, amygdala, medulla oblongata and septum. The C-terminal AVP1-9metabolites were virtually absent in the pituitary gland. In view of the highly potent and selective effects oa memory processes of AVP metabolites, some endogenous AVP metabolites in the brain may play an important role in the central nervous system （CNS） function.

关键词： Cyt AV CHARACTERIZATION AND QUANTITATION OF VASOPRESSIN METABOLITES IN RAT BRAIN BY SPECIFIC RADIOIMMUNOASSAY AND HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY RAT

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Coordination-driven self-assembly of dibenzo-18-crown-6 functionalized Pt(Ⅱ) metallacycles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第2期34卷 158-160页

作者： Zibin Zhang Yu Yao Lang He Tao Hong Shijun Li Feihe Huang peter j.Stang College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112United States

Coordination-driven self-assembly was used to construct two metallacycles of a dicarboxylatefunctionalized dibenzo-18-crown-6 in combination with either a 0° anthracene-based clip-type acceptor or a 60° phenanthrene-based acceptor. The angularities of these moieties make them suitable for the formation of a [2 + 2] rectangle and a [3 + 3] triangle, respectively. The synthesis, characterization and host-guest chemistry of two metallacycles were described and supported by31P{1H},1H NMR spectra and electrospray mass spectrometry.

关键词： Crown ethers Metallacycles Cation receptors Self-assembly

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慢性阻塞性肺疾病的治疗前景

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中华医学杂志 2006年第41期86卷 2884-2886页

作者： peter j Barnes 英国伦敦皇家学院国际心肺研究所

目前治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的方法非常有限,尚无能够减缓病情发展和功能损伤的有效措施.因此,许多制药公司都纷纷致力于探索并研发新的、更有效的、能从根本上控制疾病进展的药物[1,2]。

关键词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病治疗前功能损伤病情发展制药公司疾病进展前治疗

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Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for metastatic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第1期5卷 147-150页

作者： Charalabos Stratopoulos Zahir Soonawalla juan Piris peter j Friend Nuffield Department of Surgery and the Department of Cellular Pathology

BACKGROUND: Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors, which are rare, comprise 3%-5% of all gastrointestinal stromai tumors. We present a case of a metastatic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor that was successfully treated by simultaneous tight hemihepatectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy. METHODS: A 50-year-old woman was admitted to our department for the treatment of a possible metastatic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). At laparotomy a large duodenal tumor was found displacing the head of the pancreas. A 3 cm in diameter lesion in the posterior aspect of segment Ⅷ of the liver was also noted. Simultaneous right hepatectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy were performed. RESULTS: Histological examination revealed a high grade metastatic duodenal GIST strongly positive for c-kit, CD34, and vimentin. The patient had no additional therapy. A follow-up of 21 months showed that the patient is very well and there is no evidence of recurrent diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant stromai tumors of the duodenum are rarely encountered. They are usually slow growing, and may be amenable to curative surgery, even after occurrence of metastases. Resection of localized liver metastasis is still advocated when feasible, since imatinib does not provide a complete or long-term response. Combined surgical resection is an efficacious treatment for patients with metastatic duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

关键词： duodenal neoplasms hepatectomy pancreaticoduodenectomy liver metastasis gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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On the Applications of the Linear Recurrence Relationships to Pseudoprimes

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journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2019年第6期39卷 563-574页

作者： Tianxiao HE peter j.-S.SHIUE Department of Mathematics Illinois Wesleyan University Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Nevada Las Vegas

We present here some results on the applications of linear recursive sequences of order 2 to the Fermat pseudoprimes, Fibonacci pseudoprimes, and Dickson pseudoprimes.

关键词： Girard-Waring identities Recursive sequences Fermat’s pseudoprimes Fibonacci numbers Lucas numbers Fibonacci pseudoprimes Dickson numbers Dickson pseudoprimes

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Low-field, high-gradient NMR shows diffusion contrast consistent with localization or motional averaging of water near surfaces

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第2期3卷 90-107,I0003页

作者： Nathan H.Williamson Velencia j.Witherspoon Teddy X.Cai Rea Ravin Ferenc Horkay peter j.Basser Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA Wellcme Centre for Igative Neuromging FMRIBNuffeld Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUiversity of Oxford Oxford OX39DUUK Celoptics RockvilleMD20850USA

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements of water diffusion have been extensively used to probe microstructure in porous materials,such as biological tissue,however primarily using pulsed gradient spin echo(PGSE)***-field single-sided NMR systems have built-in static gradients(SG)much stronger than typical PGSE maximum gradient strengths,which allows for the signal attenuation at extremely high b-values to be ***,we perform SG spin echo(SGSE)and SG stimulated echo(SGSTE)diffusion measurements on biological cells,tissues,and *** on fixed and live neonatal mouse spinal cord,lobster ventral nerve cord,and starved yeast cells all show multiexponential signal attenuation on a scale of b with significant signal fractions observed at b×Do>1 with b as high as 400 ms/*** persistent signal fractions trend with surface-to-volume ratios for these systems,as expected from porous media *** exception found for the case of fixed *** spinal cords was attributed to faster exchange or permeability in live spinal cords than in fixed spinal cords on the millisecond *** suggests the existence of multiple exchange processes in neural tissue,which may be relevant to the modeling of time-dependent diffusion in gray *** observed multi-exponential attenuation is from protons on water and not macromolecules because it remains proportional to the normalized signal when a specimen is washed with *** signal that persists to b×Do>1 is also drastically reduced after delipidation,indicating that it originates from lipid membranes that restrict water *** multiexponential or stretched exponential character of the signal attenuation at b×Do>1 appears mono-exponential when viewed on a scale of(b×Do)/3,suggesting it may originate from localization or motional averaging of water near membranes on sub-micron length *** try to disambiguate these two contributions,signal attenuation curves were compared at varying temper

关键词： Magnetic resonance in porous media Single-sided NMR-MOUSE Microstructure High b-values Short diffusion time Stretched exponential Diffusion MRI contrast mechanisms

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Full-spectrum Bi@SrTiO_(3) for bi-directional promotion effects on photocatalytic redox reaction:Insight into intermediates and mechanism

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 917-929,I0004页

作者： Bin Liu Nanhao Zhou jun Liu Xinglei Wang peter K.j.Robertson Xiaoyuan Chen Chao Chen jianmin Luo Chuanyi Wang School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China Chengdu Customs Technology Center Chengdu610041China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining835000China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastStranmillis RoadBelfastBT95AGUnited Kingdom Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence(GIII) Guangzhou511400China

The development of full-spectrum photocatalysts active in the near-infrared(NIR)region has gained increasing attention for deleterious pollutant *** integration of plasmonic metals with semico nductors is an effective way to widen the light re sponse range of photocatalysts due to the strong light absorption and fast plasmonic energy transfer of the localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).In this work,the full-spectrum responsive Bi@SrTiO_(3) was prepared via facile solvothermal chemical *** optimal Bi@SrTiO_(3) achieves exceptional photocatalytic Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and tetracycline degradation,realizing bi-directional promotion effects on redox *** to density functional theory(DFT)simulations,the extraordinary photocatalytic performance is attributed to the tunable builtin electric field(IEF)of the Ohmic *** favorable adaptability in real water and high stability of BSTO-25 were proved by experime ntal *** the po ssible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed based on theoretical calculation and experimental ***,the non-toxicity of the BSTO-25 was evaluated by *** cultivation,which further proves the feasibility of treating wastewater with *** work provides a new perspective on constructing full-spectrum-driven photocatalysts for applications dealing with environmental remediation.

关键词： Full-spectrum photocatalysts Localized surface plasmon resonance Ohmic contact Cr(Ⅵ)reduction Antibiotic degradation Rare earths

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Whatever happened to China’s neglected tropical diseases?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第5期8卷 1-3页

作者： peter j.Hotez Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology&MicrobiologyNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Hagler Institute for Advanced Studies at Texas A&M University College StationTXUSA Department of Biology Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA james A Baker III Institute of Public Policy Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China 70 years ago,both extreme poverty and parasitic infections and other neglected tropical diseases were highly *** to social development,particularly economic reforms since the 1980s,poverty has since been dramatically reduced,and China became increasingly urbanized and *** parallel,China's economic transformation translated into similar and remarkable reductions in neglected tropical *** and colleagues report in their review published in Infectious Diseases of Poverty,the elimination or near elimination as a public health problem of lymphatic filariasis,trachoma,soil-transmitted helminth infections,schistosomiasis and other neglected tropical *** note,neglected tropical disease control and poverty reduction each appear to reinforce the ***'s formula for success in parasitic and neglected tropical disease control might translate to other parts of the world,such as in sub-Saharan Africa through China's new Belt and Road Initiative.

关键词： Control Elimination Neglected tropical diseases Parasitic infections People's Republic of China Poverty reduction

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