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Regulatory potential of soil available carbon,nitrogen,and functional genes on n_(2)O emissions in two upland plantation systems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2792-2806页

作者： peng Xu Mengdie Jiang Imran Khan Muhammad Shaaban Hongtao Wu Barthelemy Harerimana Ronggui Hu Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China College of Agriculture Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471000China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil n_(2)O emissions in rice-based *** is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil n_(2)O *** this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underly.ng the impacts of these upland plantings on soil n_(2)O *** results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average n_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg n ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,*** values were comparable to the n_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg n ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil n_(2)O emissions in the two rotation *** positive correlations were found between n_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(nH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(nO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBn),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to nO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation ***,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil n_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,*** implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial n_(2)O production in various upland plantation *** using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral n,MBn,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on n_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation *** the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral n,MBn,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on n_(2)O *** findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including

关键词： upland-rice cultivation n_(2)O emission regulatory factors functional genes

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Lateral root elongation in maize is related to auxin synthesis and transportation mediated by.n metabolism under a mixed nO_(3)^(–) and nH_(4)^(+) supply

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 1048-1060页

作者： peng Wang Lan y.ng Xichao Sun Wenjun Shi Rui Dong yuanhua Wu Guohua Mi Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Tobacco Research InstituteChineseAcademy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266101China Department of Plant nutrition College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Resources Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsTianjin 300191China

A mixed nitrate (nO_(3)^(–)) and ammonium (nH_(4)^(+)) supply can promote root growth in maize (Zea mays),however,the changes in root morphology and the related physiological mechanism under different n forms are still ***,maize seedlings were grown hydroponically with three n supplied in three different forms (nO_(3)^(–)only,75/25 nO_(3)^(–)/nH_(4)^(+)and nH_(4)^(+)only).Compared with sole nO_(3)^(–)or nH_(4)^(+),the mixed n supply increased the total root length of maize but did not affect the number of axial *** main reason was the increased total lateral root length,while the average lateral root (LR) length in each axle was only slightly *** addition,the average LR density of 2nd whorl crown root under mixed n was also *** with sole nitrate,mixed n could improve the n metabolism of roots (such as the n influx rate,nitrate reductase (nR) and glutamine synthase (GS)enzyme activities and total amino content of the roots).Experiments with exogenously added nR and GS inhibitors suggested that the increase in the average LR length under mixed n was related to the process of n assimilation,and whether the nR mediated nO synthesis participates in this process needs further ***,an investigation of the changes in root-shoot ratio and carbon (C) concentration showed that C transportation from shoots to roots may.not be the key factor in mediating lateral root elongation,and the changes in the sugar concentration in roots further proved this ***,the synthesis and transportation of auxin in axial roots may play a key role in lateral root elongation,in which the expression of ZmPIn1B and ZmPIn9 may be involved in this *** study preliminarily clarified the changes in root morphology and explored the possible physiological mechanism under a mixed n supply in maize,which may provide some theoretical basis for the cultivation of crop varieties with high n efficiency.

关键词： maize nO_(3)^(–)/nH_(4)^(+)ratio lateral root elongation n assimilation indole-3-acetic acid

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Practical Synthesis of Valbenazine via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 841-845页

作者： yalan peng Zuming Lin Lili Zhu Shiqing Han Sha-Hua Huang Ran Hong College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816 China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai201418 China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032 China Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine(IRI) Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine1200 Cailun RoadShanghai201203 China

Comprehensive Summary,Valbenazine(Ingrezza),a potent and highly selective inhibitor of vesicular monoamine transporter type 2(VMAT2)through the active metabolite hydrotetrabenazine(HTBZ),has been approved for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia and,very recently,for chorea,which is associated with Huntington's *** numerous synthetic efforts dedicated to the synthesis of HTBZ,the industrial preparation of valbenazine uses dihydroisoquinoline as a starting material and the chiral resolution of racemic HTBZ derived from ketone ***,we present a practical synthesis of HTBZ and valbenazine featuring a highly stereoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and enzymatic kinetic *** cascade process includes cycloaddition,n—O bond cleavage,and lactamization,which proved to be operationally *** allure of the enzymatic resolution developed in this work offers a rapid access toward affording tetrahydroisoquinoline(THIQ)-fused piperidine in the production of medically significant compounds,such as yohimbine and reserpine.

关键词： Cycloaddition Chemoenzymatic Kinetic resolution Prodrugs VMAT2 inhibitor

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Mechanical reliable,nIR light-induced rapid self-healing hydrogel electrolyte towards flexible zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors with low-temperature adaptability and long service life

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 63-73页

作者： Tengjia Gao na Li y.ng y.ng Jing Li peng Ji y.nlong Zhou Jianxiong Xu School of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Hunan Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Green Metallurgy TechnologyHunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007HunanChina School of Life Sciences and Chemistry Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and DevicesHunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007HunanChina

Hydrogel electrolytes hold great potential in flexible zinc ion supercapacitors(ZICs)due to their high conductivity,good safety,and ***,freezing of electrolytes at low temperature(subzero)leads to drastic reduction in ionic conductivity and mechanical properties that deteriorates the performance of flexible ***,the mechanical fracture during arbitrary deformations significantly prunes out the lifespan of the flexible ***,a Zn^(2+)and Li^(+)co-doped,polypyrrole-dopamine decorated Sb_(2)S_(3)incorporated,and polyvinyl alcohol/poly.n-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide)double-network hydrogel electrolyte is constructed with favorable mechanical reliability,anti-freezing,and self-healing *** addition,it delivers ultra-high ionic conductivity of 8.6 and 3.7 S m^(-1)at 20 and−30°C,respectively,and displays excellent mechanical properties to withstand tensile stress of 1.85 MPa with tensile elongation of 760%,together with fracture energy of 5.14 MJ m^(-3).notably,the fractured hydrogel electrolyte can recover itself after only 90 s of infrared illumination,while regaining 83%of its tensile strain and almost 100%of its ionic conductivity during−30–60°***,ZICs coupled with this hydrogel electrolyte not only show a wide voltage window(up to 2 V),but also provide high energy density of 230 Wh kg^(-1)at power density of 500 W kg^(-1)with a capacity retention of 86.7%after 20,000 cycles under 20°***,the ZICs are able to retain excellent capacity even under various mechanical deformation at−30°*** contribution will open up new insights into design of advanced wearable flexible electronics with environmental adaptability and long-life span.

关键词： Flexible zinc ion supercapacitor Hydrogel electrolyte Self-healing Anti-freezing

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A review on adhesion behavior of chip seal pavement and aggregate

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 441-466页

作者： yuming Zhou Zhuyi peng Jinyu Wang Jianguo Wei Hao Liu Di Wang Jinming Li Key Laboratory of Road Structure and Material of Ministry of Transport(Changsha) Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Wuhan Huike Testing Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430000China Department of Civil Engineering University of OttawaON KIN 6N5Canada CCCC Infrastructure Maintenance Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100102China

Chip seal is widely used for preventive maintenance to mitigate pavement deterioration,but it is prone to aggregate loss during pavement *** further promote the development and application of chip seals in road engineering in China,the research progress of the adhesion behavior of aggregate and binder in chip seals was reviewed in this paper,focusing on the adhesion mechanism of emulsified asphalt and alkaline *** Influencing factors and evaluation methodology of chip seals'aggregate adhesion behavior were also *** results demonstrate that the adhesion process between emulsified asphalt and alkaline aggregate is divided into three processes including infiltration,demulsification,and cluster,which is more complicated when compared to hot *** designing a chip seal,not only the characteristics of single material should be paid attention to,but also the combination of binder and aggregate matters a *** form good adhesion between aggregate and asphalt binder,various influencing factors such as material selection,design method,and construction technical index should be considered comprehensively in the whole design,construction,and operation *** methods for evaluating adhesion behavior are summarized,including macroscopic adhesion performance tests,image analysis technology,and model *** is not objective to evaluate the aggregate adhesion behavior of chip seal only by a single evaluation method.A comprehensive evaluation based on the micro-macro multi-scale method should be considered in the future.

关键词： Chip seal Adhesion behavior Asphalt binder Aggregate

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Discovery of Glun2A subtype-selective n-methyl-d-aspartate(nMDA)receptor ligands

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 1987-2005页

作者： Liy.ng Jiang na Liu Fabao Zhao Boshi Huang Dongwei Kang peng Zhan Xiny.ng Liu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China

The n-methyl-d-aspartate(nMDA)receptors,which belong to the ionotropic Glutamate receptors,constitute a family of ligand-gated ion *** the various subtypes of nMDA receptors,the Glun1/2A subtype plays a significant role in central nervous system(CnS)*** present article aims to provide a comprehensive review of ligands targeting Glun2A-containing nMDA receptors,encompassing negative allosteric modulators(nAMs),positive allosteric modulators(PAMs)and competitive ***,the ligands’structure–activity relationships(SARs)and the binding models of representative ligands are also discussed,providing valuable insights for the clinical rational design of effective drugs targeting CnS diseases.

关键词： nMDA receptors Glun2A subtype Subtype-selective ligands SARs Protein ligand interactions

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Reduced Spring Precipitation Bias and Associated Physical Causes over South China in FGOALS-f3 Climate Models:Experiments with the Horizontal Resolutions

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 784-804页

作者： peng ZI yimin LIU Jiandong LI Ruowen y.nG Bian HE Qing BAO Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650504 State Key Laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

Considerable spring precipitation occurs over South China(SC),a region that is adjacent to large-scale Asian topography and *** reasonable simulation is crucial for improving regional climate *** study investigates spring precipitation biases over SC and their possible causes in atmosphere-only and coupled Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System finite-volume version 3(FGOALS-f3) models with different horizontal *** performance of spring precipitation simulation over SC varies across different FGOALS-f3 model versions,with the best reproducibility in the high-resolution coupled model(25 km).In the low-resolution atmosphere-only model(100–125 km),the precipitation dry bias over SC is closely linked to overestimated surface sensible forcing over the eastern Tibetan Plateau(TP),which weakens the subtropical anticyclone over the western Pacific(SAWP) through regional circulation *** contrast,the high-resolution atmosphere-only model further amplifies surface thermal forcing in the Asian continents,causing intensified land–sea thermal contrast between the Southeast Asian continents and western Pacific,enhanced southerly winds and SAWP,and increased water vapor transport into ***,the reduced middle–high level cold bias over 10°–30°n in the high-resolution atmosphere-only model intensifies the East Asian westerly jet and ascent over SC,leading to enhanced spring precipitation *** high-resolution coupled model simulation not only reduces sea surface cold bias over the Bay of Bengal,thus intensify.ng the Indian–Burma trough and strengthening low-level water vapor transport into SC,but also enhances ascent over *** a result,the high-resolution coupled model better reproduces the magnitude and pattern of spring precipitation over SC than its atmosphere-only *** with low-resolution models,the domain-mean spring precipitation dry bias decreases by 11.2% over SC in the high-resolution atmosphere-only mod

关键词： South China spring precipitation high resolution Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System finite-volume version 3(FGOALS-f3)models simulation

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Tuning interface mechanism of FeCo alloy embedded n,S-codoped carbon substrate for rechargeable Zn-air battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 400-410,I0010页

作者： Hui Chang Lulu Zhao Shan Zhao Zong-Lin Liu peng-Fei Wang y.ng Xie Ting-Feng yi School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080HeilongjiangChina Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and MaterialsNortheastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina

The interface mechanism between catalyst and carbon substrate has been the focus of *** this paper,the FeCo alloy embedded n,S co-doped carbon substrate bifunctional catalyst(FeCo/S-nC)is obtained by a simple one-step pyrolysis *** experimental results and density functional theory(DFT)calculation show that the formation of FeCo alloy is conducive to promoting electron transfer,and the introduction of S atom can enhance the interaction between FeCo alloy and carbon substrate,thus inhibiting the migration and agglomeration of particles on the surface of carbon *** FeCo/SnC catalysts show outstanding performance for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).FeCo/S-nC shows a high half-wave potential(E_(1/2)=0.8823 V)for ORR and a low overpotential at 10 mA cm^(-2)(E_(j=10)=299 mV)for *** addition,compared with Pt/C+RuO_(2) assembled Zn-air battery(ZAB),the FeCo/S-nC assembled ZAB exhibits a larger power density(198.8 mW cm^(-2)),a higher specific capacity(786.1 mA h g_(zn)~(-1)),and ultra-stable cycle *** results confirm that the optimized composition and the interfacial interaction between catalyst and carbon substrate synergistically enhance the electrochemical performance.

关键词： FeCo alloy n S co-doped carbon DFT calculation Zn-air batteries Interfacial interaction

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Degradation properties of fulvic acid and its microbially driven mechanism from a partial nitritation bioreactor through multi-spectral and bioinformatic analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 318-331页

作者： Quanhao Dou Li Zhang Tingjun Dong Zixuan Song Xuepeng Fan y.ngzhen peng Xiay.n Wang Jiachun y.ng national Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department of Chemistry and Biology Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological EffectsBeijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and SeparationBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Environmental Protection Development Group Co. Ltd.Shandong 250101China

This study employed multispectral techniques to evaluate fulvic acid(FA)compositional characteristic and elucidate its biodegradation mechanisms during partial nitritation(Pn)*** showed that FA removal efficiency(FRE)decreased from 90.22 to 23.11%when FA concentrations in the reactor were increased from 0 to 162.30 mg/L,and that molecular size,degree of aromatization and humification of the effluent FA macromolecules all increased after *** population analysis indicated that the proliferation of the Comamonas,OLB12 and Thauera exhibit high FA utilization capacity in lower concentrations(ng the degradation and removal of macromolecular *** addition,the sustained increase in external FA may decrease the abundance of above functional microorganisms,resulting in a rapid drop in ***,from the genetic perspective,the elevated FA levels restricted carbohydrate(ko00620,ko00010 and ko00020)and nitrogen(HAO,AMO,nIR and nOR)metabolism-related pathways,thereby impeding FA removal and total nitrogen loss associated with n_(2)O emissions.

关键词： Partial nitritation Fulvic acid 3DEEM-PARAFAC UV/Vis Microbially driven mechanism

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具有合作与竞争的鲁棒最优再保险合同

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系统工程理论与实践 2024年第2期44卷 563-578页

作者：杨鹏西安财经大学数学学院西安710100

本文研究了n个合作的保险人与一个再保险人之间竞争下的最优再保险合同制定问题.再保险合同由索赔风险分担策略和再保险价格构成.n个保险人完全相信各自的盈余过程,而再保险人认为每个保险人的盈余过程存在不确定性.每个保险人的目标是... 详细信息

本文研究了n个合作的保险人与一个再保险人之间竞争下的最优再保险合同制定问题.再保险合同由索赔风险分担策略和再保险价格构成.n个保险人完全相信各自的盈余过程,而再保险人认为每个保险人的盈余过程存在不确定性.每个保险人的目标是,寻找最优的索赔风险分担策略最大化他的终值财富的均值同时最小化其方差.再保险人的目标是,在盈余过程出现最坏情形下,寻找鲁棒最优再保险价格最大化他的终值财富的均值同时最小化其方差.在Stackelberg博弈框架下,通过使用随机控制和随机动态规划技术得到了最优的索赔风险分担策略和再保险价格的显式解,进而得到了最优再保险合同的显式解.最终,通过数值实验解释了模型参数对所得理论结果的影响,得到了一些新的再保险启示.

关键词：竞争合作模型不确定索赔风险分担策略再保险价格

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