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Distinct and shared endothermic strategies in the heat producing tissues of tuna and other teleosts

Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2629-2645页

作者： Baosheng Wu Xueli Gao Mingling Hu Jing Hu Tianming Lan Tingfeng Xue Wenjie Xu Chenglong Zhu Yuan Yuan Jiangmin Zheng Tao Qin peidong xin Ye Li Li Gong Chenguang Feng Shunping He Huan Liu Haimeng Li Qing Wang Zhenhua Ma Qiang Qiu Kun Wang School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhou 510300China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518083China BGI Life Science Joint Research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150006China National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Although most fishes are ectothermic,some,including tuna and billfish,achieve endothermy through specialized heat producing tissues that are modified *** these heat producing tissues evolved,and whether they share convergent molecular mechanisms,remain ***,we generated a high-quality genome from the mackerel tuna(Euthynnus affinis)and investigated the heat producing tissues of this fish by single-nucleus and bulk RNA *** with other teleosts,tuna-specific genetic variation is strongly associated with muscle ***-nucleus RNA-seq revealed a high proportion of specific slow skeletal muscle cell subtypes in the heat producing tissues of *** genes of this cell subtype are associated with the relative sliding of actin and myosin,suggesting that tuna endothermy is mainly based on shivering *** contrast,cross-species transcriptome analysis indicated that endothermy in billfish relies mainly on nonshivering ***,the heat producing tissues of the different species do share some tissue-specific genes,including vascular-related and mitochondrial ***,although tunas and billfishes differ in their thermogenic strategies,they share similar expression patterns in some respects,highlighting the complexity of convergent evolution.

关键词： endothermy tuna convergent evolution divergent strategies heat producing tissues

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Exaptation of pectoral fins for olfaction in the spiny red gurnard(Chelidonichthys spinosus) through an ancient receptor

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Lisen Li Deqian Fan Chenglong Zhu Zhuoya Liu Wenji Huang peidong xin Huishan Yue Mengying Li Yufei Wang Wenjie Xu Jiangmin Zheng Ye Li Ziwei Yu Jianzhong Ling Qiang Qiu Wen Wang Chenguang Feng Xiaojing Song Kun Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical University Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center

Dear Editor,Exaptation is defined as characters evolved for other usages(or for no function at all) and later “coopted” for their current role(Gould and Vrba,1982). Exaptation has occurred in many organisms, sometim...

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小直径棒材双晶骑式探头超声检测

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无损检测 1983年第6期 19-21页

作者：辛培栋新都机械厂

本文用实验的方法对小直径棒材超声波探伤常用的双晶骑式探头法进行了研究。对实验结果进行了归纳,得到了棒材截面上的回波振幅分布图。并对该方法所用变型波检查棒材表面和近表面缺陷进行了分析。

关键词：棒材小直径近表面缺陷双晶晶体折射横波反射回波声束第一临界角底波平底孔

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Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy deformed along different strain paths: Role of latent hardening

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 522-532页

作者： Yao Cheng Adrien Chapuis Yunchang xin Qing Liu peidong Wu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Mechanical Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S 4L7Canada

The mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ31 were investigated experimentally with visco-plastic self-consistent modeling. Tension,compression and plane strain compression(PSC) tests were performed along 3 directions of a hot rolled plate, and the material parameters input in the model were fitted with the uniaxial stress-strain curves. The critical resolved shear stress(CRSS) for tension twinning was modeled with a modified Voce hardening law first decreasing, and then increasing with strain, that could reproduce better the flow stress for twin-predominant deformation. Such CRSS evolution may better model twin nucleation, propagation and growth. Firstly simulations were carried out assuming latent hardening coefficients for slip by other slip systems equal to self-hardening. Then different heterogeneous latent hardening were used, whose values were based on dislocation dynamics simulations from the literature. This study shows that equal self and latent hardening can reproduce the stress strain curves and plastic anisotropy as well as heterogeneous mode on mode latent *** between simulations and experimental results from PSC are explained by an under-estimation of twinning for some PSC strain paths.

关键词： Crystal plasticity Mg alloy Mechanical properties Latent hardening

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On the modeling of deformation mechanisms in a Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy under biaxial tension

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第14期145卷 101-115页

作者： Hua Qiao Yao Cheng Yuanjie Fu Yunchang xin Gang Chen peidong Wu Department of Mechanical Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S 4L7Canada Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Although the{10-12}twinning behavior of Mg alloys under uniaxial tension and compression has been extensively investigated,the simulations of{10-12}twinning behavior under biaxial tension have rarely been *** this work,the EVPSC-TDT model is first employed to systematically investigate the deformation behavior of a Mg alloy AZ31 plate under biaxial tension in the RD-TD and ND-TD *** RD,TD and ND refer to the rolling direction,transverse direction,and normal direction of the hot rolled *** measured stress-strain curves and texture evolutions are well predicted and the con-tours of plastic work under biaxial tension are also constructed for comparison with *** plastic response has been interpreted in terms of relative activities of various deformation *** bi-axial tension in the RD-TD plane,basal and pyramidal slips mainly contribute to the plastic deformation for stress ratios ofσRD:σTD=1:2 to 2:*** slip becomes more active forσRD:σTD=1:4 and 4:*** twinning could be activated and so cause texture reorientation at large strains,especially forσRD:σTD=1:*** six-fold feature of{10-10}pole figure could still be observed forσRD:σTD=1:4 and 4:1 at large *** biaxial tension in the ND-TD plane,tensile twinning plays an important role forσND:σTD≥1:2,while prismatic slip contributes to plastic deformation for the other *** the in-crease of stress ratio fromσND:σTD≥1:1 to 1:0,the predicted twin volume fractions(VFs)at a specific strain along the ND,εND,almost linearly decrease,however,it is seen that the experimental ones at given strains along the ND do not follow such a trend with the measured twin VFs within the range of stress ratios,2:1≤σND:σTD≤6:1,clearly being overestimated,and the difference between experiments and simulations becomes most obvious at the relatively small strain ofεND=*** possible reasons for the observed difference are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Biaxial tension Simulation Twinning

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高海况下坞式半潜船海上作业耐波性分析

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船舶设计通讯 2022年第1期 54-59页

作者：王瑞阳张弘陈辉钱建华辛佩东罗彬上海船舶研究设计院上海201203

坞式半潜船为海上特种作业船型,满足DNV Noble Denton《海上运输指南》相关海上潜装作业标准要求,具有优良的耐波性能。在方案设计阶段为了优化、确定船舶主尺度、线型等重要参数,基于三维势流和设计波法理论,应用BV船级社开发的HydroS... 详细信息

坞式半潜船为海上特种作业船型,满足DNV Noble Denton《海上运输指南》相关海上潜装作业标准要求,具有优良的耐波性能。在方案设计阶段为了优化、确定船舶主尺度、线型等重要参数,基于三维势流和设计波法理论,应用BV船级社开发的HydroSTAR软件,对目标船在高海况下波浪运动响应进行计算分析。纵摇和横摇幅值计算结果表明,在坞式半潜沉浮作业时通过调整浪向来保证作业安全性是十分必要的。

关键词：坞式半潜船海况条件沉浮作业耐波性

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Revealing the role of pyramidal slip in the high ductility of Mg-Li alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1021-1025页

作者： Jing Xu Bo Guan Yunchang xin Guangjie Huang peidong Wu Qing Liu International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Mechanical Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8S 4L7Canada

The high ductility of Mg-Li alloy has been mainly ascribed to a high activity of pyramidalslip to accommodate plastic *** the present study,however,a quantitative analysis reveals that Li-addition can only slightly stimulate the activation of pyramidalslip under compression along the normal direction of a hot-rolled Mg-4.5 wt.%Li plate,with a relative activity of approximately 18%.Although the limited activity of pyramidalslip alone cannot accommodate a large plastic strain,it effectively reduces the number of{10.11}−{10.12}double twins,which are believed to be favorable sites for crack *** evidently reduced activity of double twins leads to a lower cracking tendency,and therefore improves ductility.

关键词： Mg alloy Plasticity Plastic deformation Slip Twinning.

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Assessment of the Characteristics of Demersal Fish Communities Using Species-and Trait-Based Approaches in the Coastal Habitats Along Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 786-796页

作者： YUAN Shunjie SUN xin TU Zhong SUN Jie WANG Xianning ZHANG peidong Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource Conservation Center Yantai 264003China

Biodiversity declines have motivated many studies on the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem *** this study,we described the spatial-temporal characteristics of demersal fish communities along a coastal habitat in Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China with both species-based and biological trait-based *** field survey was carried out monthly using traps from April to October of 2018,and divided into three seasons(spring:April and May;summer:June,July and August;autumn:September,October and November).The study area included five distinct habitats:seagrass bed,natural rocky reef,bare sand,artificial reef together with natural rocky reef,and artificial reef together with bare *** analyzed the fish communities with three taxonomic diversity indices,including Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,and Pielou Evenness,as well as four functional diversity indices,including FRic,FEve,FDiv,and FDis,based on 7 functional groups which are categorized into 27 *** results showed that there were no significant differences in taxonomic diversity indices among different habitats in the three ***,significant differences were found in the functional richness of fish communities among different habitats in three *** bed represented the highest functional richness in spring and *** study demonstrates that seagrass bed is very important in enhancing the functional diversity of fish communities in a complex *** study also indicates that the combination of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity will provide a more detailed description of the characteristics of fish communities.

关键词： complex habitat biological traits biodiversity fish communities

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国外海军维修船发展现状

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船舶设计通讯 2022年第2期 31-34页

作者：王瑞阳周国平张弘陈辉辛佩东罗彬上海船舶研究设计院上海201203

海上专用维修船配置有不同的专业维修设施和综合保障设备,并能提供海上补给支持。根据海上维修任务需求的不同、具体使用场景和舰船战损情况,可以采用不同的海上维修模式,典型解决方案有:在民用商船或工程船上搭载维修保障模块、对现有... 详细信息

海上专用维修船配置有不同的专业维修设施和综合保障设备,并能提供海上补给支持。根据海上维修任务需求的不同、具体使用场景和舰船战损情况,可以采用不同的海上维修模式,典型解决方案有:在民用商船或工程船上搭载维修保障模块、对现有商船或工程船进行专业化改造、新造专用海上维修船等。海上维修船在和平时期为舰船提供计划外维修服务,延长舰船执行任务的时间;在战时或突发事件下,及时修复受损船体和设备,最大限度保证舰船生存能力。

关键词：海上维修模式使命任务功能模块化

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Achieving ultra-high strength using densely ultra-fine LPSO phase

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第34期129卷 135-138页

作者： Changzheng Li Huan Liu Yunchang xin Bo Guan Guangjie Huang peidong Wu Qing Liu International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 210000China Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Mechanical Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S 4L7Canada

Long period stacking ordered(LPSO) structures are an effective strengthening phase in Mg ***,the coarse LPSO phases in as-cast alloys are very difficult to refine,and they dramatically reduce the strengthening *** the present study,friction stir processing(FSP) was employed to refine the structure of an Mg-12.8 Y-4.7 Zn(wt%) alloy with a very high content of coarse LPSO *** optimized FSP regime refined the coarse LPSO phases into densely ultrafine blocks with an average width of ~200 nm and an average length of~1 μ*** ultrahigh yield strength of ~800 MPa was achieved under compression of the FSP *** calculations indicated that the strengthening by the densely ultrafine LPSO phases was up to approximately 630 MPa.

关键词： Mg alloys Strengthening LPSO Grain refinement

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