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A Coordinate-Free Approach to the Design of Generalized Griffis-Duffy Platforms

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期37卷 95-103页

作者： Chengwei Shen Xu pei Lubin hang Jingjun Yu College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China

Architectural singularity belongs to the Type II singularity,in which a parallel manipulator(PM)gains one or more degrees of freedom and becomes *** remaining permanently in a singularity are beneficial for linearto-rotary motion ***-Duffy(GD)platform is a mobile structure admitting a Bricard *** this paper,we present a coordinate-free approach to the design of generalized GD platforms,which consists in determining the shape and attachment of both the moving platform and the fixed *** generalized GD platform is treated as a combination of six coaxial single-loop mechanisms under the same *** to the inversion,hidden in the geometric structure of these single-loop mechanisms,the mapping from a line to a circle establishes the geometric transformation between the fixed base and the moving platform based on the center of inversion,and describes the shape and attachment of the generalized GD ***,the center of inversion not only identifies the location of rotation axis,but also affects the shape of the platform mechanism.A graphical construction of generalized GD platforms using inversion,proposed in the paper,provides geometrically feasible solutions of the manipulator design for the requirement of the location of rotation axis.

关键词： Generalized Griffis-Duffy platforms Self-motion Inversion Coordinate-free determination Manipulator design

Additional comments on extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells mediate extracellular matrix remodeling in osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第7期16卷 739-741页

作者： hang pei Yi Zhang Chao Wang Bang-Jian He The First School of Clinical Medicine Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics Anji County Hospital of Chinese MedicineAnji 313300Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Recently,we read an article published by the Yang et *** results of this study indicated that engineered exosomes loaded with microRNA-29a(miR-29a)alleviate knee inflammation and maintain extracellular matrix stability in Sprague Dawley *** study’s results provide useful information for treating knee osteoarthritis(KOA).This letter,shares our perspectives on treating KOA using engineered exosomes for miR-29a.

关键词： Exosomes Intra-articular injection Mesenchymal stem cells MicroRNA-29a Osteoarthritis

Spatially selective p-type doping for constructing lateral WS2 p-n homojunction via low-energy nitrogen ion implantation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1159-1169页

作者： Yufan Kang Yongfeng pei Dong He hang Xu Mingjun Ma Jialu Yan Changzhong Jiang Wenqing Li Xiangheng Xiao School of Physics and Technology Key Lab of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

The construction of lateral p-n junctions is very important and challenging in two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor manufacturing *** researches have demonstrated that vertical p-n junction can be prepared simply by vertical stacking of 2D ***,interface pollution and large area scalability are challenges that are difficult to overcome with vertical stacking *** 2D lateral p-n homojunction is an effective strategy to address these *** selective p-type doping of 2D semiconductors is expected to construct lateral p-n *** this work,we have developed a low-energy ion implantation system that reduces the implanted energy to 300 ***-energy implantation can form a shallow implantation depth,which is more suitable for modulating the electrical and optical properties of 2D ***,we utilize low-energy ion implantation to directly dope nitrogen ions into few-layer WS_(2) and successfully realize a precise regulation for WS_(2) with its conductivity type transforming from n-type to bipolar or even p-type ***,the universality of this method is demonstrated by extending it to other 2D semiconductors,including WSe_(2),SnS_(2) and MoS_(2).Based on this method,a lateral WS_(2) p-n homojunction is fabricated,which exhibits significant rectification characteristics.A photodetector based on p-n junction with photovoltaic effect is also prepared,and the open circuit voltage can reach to 0.39 *** work provides an effective way for controllable doping of 2D semiconductors.

关键词： implantation doping Spatial

Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis of spermatogenic cells involved in male reproductive toxicity induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in mice

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 307-323页

作者： Xufeng FU hang HAN Hong YANG Bo XU Wenjie DAI Ling LIU Tiantian HE Xing DU Xiuying pei Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical SciencesNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004China Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004China

Microplastics(MPs)and nanoplastics(NPs)have become hazardous materials due to the massive amount of plastic waste and disposable masks,but their specific health effects remain *** this study,fluorescence-labeled polystyrene NPs(PS-NPs)were injected into the circulatory systems of mice to determine the distribution and potential toxic effects of NPs in ***,whole-body imaging found that PS-NPs accumulated in the testes of ***,the toxic effects of PS-NPs on the reproduction systems and the spermatocytes cell line of male mice,and their mechanisms,were *** oral exposure to PS-NPs,their spermatogenesis was affected and the spermatogenic cells were *** spermatocyte cell line GC-2 was exposed to PS-NPs and analyzed using RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)to determine the toxic mechanisms;a ferroptosis pathway was found after PS-NP *** phenomena and indicators of ferroptosis were then determined and verified by ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),and it was also found that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)played an important role in spermatogenic cell ferroptosis induced by ***,it was confirmed in vivo that this mechanism of Nrf2 played a protective role in PS-NPs-induced male reproductive *** study demonstrated that PS-NPs induce male reproductive dysfunction in mice by causing spermatogenic cell ferroptosis dependent on Nrf2.

关键词： Polvstyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs) Reproductive toxicity Ferroptosis Nuclear factor ervthroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of radiation-induced breast angiosarcoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2237-2242页

作者： Wen-pei Wu Chih-Wei lee Department of Medical Imaging Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 50006Taiwan Department of Radiology Changhua Christian Medical Foundation Changhua Christian HospitalChanghua 50006Taiwan

BACKGROUND Breast conservation surgery(BCS)with adjuvant radiotherapy has become a gold standard in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer,significantly reducing the risk of tumor ***,this treatment is associated with adverse effects,including the rare but aggressive radiation-induced angiosarcoma(RIAS).Despite its rarity and nonspecific initial presentation,RIAS presents a challenging diagnosis,emphasizing the importance of imaging techniques for early detection and accurate *** SUMMARY We present a case of a 48-year-old post-menopausal woman who developed skin ecchymosis on the right breast seven years after receiving BCS and adjuvant radiotherapy for breast *** mammography and ultrasound were inconclusive,showing post-treatment changes but failing to identify the underlying ***-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed diffuse skin thickening and nodularity with distinctive enhan-cement kinetics,leading to the diagnosis of *** case highlights the crucial role of MRI in diagnosing and determining the extent of RIAS,facilitating timely and appropriate surgical *** Breast MRI is crucial for detecting RIAS,especially when mammography and ultrasound are inconclusive.

关键词： Radiation-induced angiosarcoma Radiotherapy Breast conserving surgery Breast cancer Magnetic resonance imaging Case report

Trimethylamine N-oxide aggravates vascular permeability and endothelial cell dysfunction under diabetic condition:in vitro and in vivo study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 25-33页

作者： Jia-Yi Jiang Wei-Ming Liu Qiu-Ping Zhang hang Ren Qing-Ying Yao Gao-Qin Liu pei-Rong Lu Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control Suzhou 215004Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To provide the direct evidence for the crucial role of trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in vascular permeability and endothelial cell dysfunction under diabetic ***:The role of TMAO on the in vitro biological effect of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)under high glucose conditions was tested by a cell counting kit,wound healing,a transwell and a tube formation *** inflammation-related gene expression affected by TMAO was tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of the cell junction was measured by Western blotting(WB)and immunofluorescence *** addition,two groups of rat models,diabetic and non-diabetic,were fed with normal or 0.1%TMAO for 16wk,and their plasma levels of TMAO,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere *** vascular permeability of rat retinas was measured using FITC-Dextran,and the expression of zonula occludens(ZO)-1 and claudin-5 in rat retinas was detected by WB or immunofluorescence ***:TMAO administration significantly increased the cell proliferation,migration,and tube formation of primary HRMEC either in normal or high-glucose ***-PCR showed elevated inflammation-related gene expression of HRMEC under TMAO stimulation,while WB or immunofluorescence staining indicated decreased cell junction ZO-1 and occludin expression after high-glucose and TMAO *** rats showed higher plasma levels of TMAO as well as retinal vascular leakage,which were even higher in TMAO-feeding diabetic ***,TMAO administration increased the rat plasma levels of VEGF,IL-6 and TNF-αwhile decreasing the retinal expression levels of ZO-1 and ***:TMAO enhances the proliferation,migration,and tube formation of HRMEC,as well as destroys their vascular integrity and tight *** also regulates the expression of VEGF,IL-6,and TNF-α.

关键词： diabetic model trimethylamine N-oxide inflammation endothelial dysfunction rats retinal microvascular endothelial cells

Highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligomers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du Hyeon Ryu Seungjin lee Muhammad Haris Julius Mwakondo Mwabora Robinson Juma Musembi hang Ken lee Sang Kyu lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligomers Non-halogenated solvent

Accurate Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 by Sanger Sequencing of Receptor-Binding Domain Is Needed for Clinical Evaluation of Its Immune Evasion

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 69-78页

作者： Sin hang lee Milford Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory Milford CT USA

Background: Omicron JN.1 has become the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in recent months. JN.1 has the highest number of amino acid mutations in its receptor binding domain (RBD) and has acquired a hallmark L455S mutation. The immune evasion capability of JN.1 is a subject of scientific investigation. The US CDC used SGTF of TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit RT-qPCR as proxy indicator of JN.1 infections for evaluation of the effectiveness of updated monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against JN.1 and recommended that all persons aged ≥ 6 months should receive an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose. Objective: Recommend Sanger sequencing instead of proxy indicator to diagnose JN.1 infections to generate the data based on which guidelines are made to direct vaccination policies. Methods: The RNA in nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with clinical respiratory infection was subjected to nested RT-PCR, targeting a 398-base segment of the N-gene and a 445-base segment of the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 for amplification. The nested PCR amplicons were sequenced. The DNA sequences were analyzed for amino acid mutations. Results: The N-gene sequence showed R203K, G204R and Q229K, the 3 mutations associated with Omicron BA.2.86 (+JN.1). The RBD sequence showed 24 of the 26 known amino acid mutations, including the hallmark L455S mutation for JN.1 and the V483del for BA.2.86 lineage. Conclusions: Sanger sequencing of a 445-base segment of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD is useful for accurate determination of emerging variants. The CDC may consider using Sanger sequencing of the RBD to diagnose JN.1 infections for statistical analysis in making vaccination policies.

关键词： Omicron JN.1 SARS-CoV-2 Sanger Sequencing RBD L455S Mutation Immune Evasion Vaccination Policies CDC

Suppressing Wnt signaling of the blood-tumor barrier to intensify drug delivery and inhibit lipogenesis of brain metastases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2716-2731页

作者： Yang Tong pei An Puxian Tang Rui Mu Yuteng Zeng hang Sun Mei Zhao Ziyan Lv Pan Wang Wanjun Han Chunshan Gui Xuechu Zhen Liang Han Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Lipogenesis is often highly upregulated in breast cancer brain metastases to adapt to intracranial low lipid *** inhibitors hold therapeutic potential but their intra-tumoral distribution is often blocked by the blood-tumor barrier(BTB).BTB activates its Wnt signaling to maintain barrier properties,e.g.,Mfsd2a-mediated BTB low ***,we reported VCAM-1-targeting nano-wogonin(W@V-NPs)as an adjuvant of nano-orlistat(O@V-NPs)to intensify drug delivery and inhibit lipogenesis of brain metastases.W@V-NPs were proven to be able to inactivate BTB Wnt signaling,downregulate BTB Mfsd2a,accelerate BTB vesicular transport,and enhance tumor accumulation of O@*** the ability to specifically kill cancer cells in a lipid-deprived environment with IC_(50) at 48 ng/mL,W@V-NPs plus O@V-NPs inhibited the progression of brain metastases with prolonged survival of model *** combination did not induce brain edema,cognitive impairment,and systemic toxicity in healthy *** Wnt signaling could safely modulate the BTB to improve drug delivery and metabolic therapy against brain metastases.

关键词： Lipogenesis Brain metastases Blood-tumor barrier Wnt signaling Drug delivery Fatty acid synthase Nanoparticles Combination therapy