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Role of extracellular vesicles secretion in paclitaxel resistance of prostate cancer cells

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 612-624页

作者： Ashish kumar pawan kumar Mitu Sharma Susy Kim Sangeeta Singh Steven J.Kridel Gagan Deep Department of Cancer Biology Atrium Health Wake Forest BaptistWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Division of Pathology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUP 243122India Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center Atrium Health Wake Forest BaptistWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

Aim:The development of chemotherapy resistance is the major obstacle in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer(PCa).Extracellular vesicles(EVs)secretion plays a significant role among different mechanisms contributing to ***,inhibition of EVs release may increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs against ***:Paclitaxel(PTX)resistant PCa cells(PC3-R and DU145-R)were treated with GW4869,a known exosome biogenesis *** were isolated from the conditioned media by ExoQuick-based precipitation method and characterized for concentration and size distribution by nanoparticle tracking *** effect of GW4869 treatment on the survival and growth of PCa cells was assessed by MTT,and colony formation assays in vitro,and ectopic PC3-R xenografts in male athymic nude mice in *** effect of other EV biogenesis inhibitors,imipramine and dimethyl amiloride(DMA),treatment was also analyzed on the survival of PC3-R ***:GW4869(10-20μM)treatment of PTX resistant PCa cells significantly reduced the release of small EVs(50-100 nm size range)while increasing the release of larger EVs(>150 nm in size),and inhibited their ***,GW4869(5-20μM)treatment(24-72h)significantly inhibited the survival of PC3-R cells in a dose-dependent *** observed a similar growth inhibition with both imipramine(5-20μg/mL)and DMA(5-20μg/mL)treatment in PC3-R ***,GW4869 treatment(IP)in mice bearing PC3-R xenografts significantly reduced the tumor weight(65%reduction,P=0.017)compared to the vehicle-treated control mice without causing any noticeable ***:Inhibiting the release of EVs could sensitize the resistant PCa cells to chemotherapy.

关键词： Prostate cancer extracellular vesicles GW4869 chemoresistance paclitaxel

A Framework for Securing Saudi Arabian Hospital Industry: Vision-2030 Perspective

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第6期36卷 2773-2786页

作者： Hosam Alhakami Abdullah Baz Mohammad Al-shareef Rajeev kumar Alka agrawal Raees Ahmad Khan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955SaudiArabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Security Forces Hospital Makkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Babu Banarasi Das UniversityLucknow226028Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Information Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226025Uttar PradeshIndia

Recent transformation of Saudi Arabian healthcare sector into a reven-ue producing one has signaled several advancements in healthcare in the *** healthcare management into Smart hospital systems is one of *** hospital management systems which are breach-proof only can be termed as effective smart hospital *** the perspective of Saudi Vision-2030,many practitioners are trying to achieve a cost-effective hospital management sys-tem by using smart *** this row,the proposed framework posits the main objectives for creating smart hospital management systems that can only be acknowledged by managing the security of healthcare data and medical ***,the proposed framework will also be helpful in gaining satisfactory rev-enue from the healthcare sector by reducing the cost and time involved in mana-ging the smart hospital *** framework is based on a hybrid approach of three key methods which include:employing the Internet of Medical Things(IoMT)and blockchain methodologies for maintaining the security and privacy of healthcare data and medical practices,and using big data analytics methodol-ogy for raising the funds and revenue by managing the bulk volume of healthcare ***,the framework will also be helpful for both the patients and the doctors,thus enabling the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(KSA)to meet its goals of Vision-2030 by ensuring low cost,yet credible,healthcare services.

关键词： Smart healthcare healthcare industry data security

Additive manufacturing of composite materials and functionally graded structures using selective heat melting technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第12期47卷 243-252页

作者： Kalaimani Markandan Ruijing Lim pawan kumar Kanaujia Ian Seetoh Muhammad Raziq bin Mohd Rosdi Zhi Huey Tey Jun Seng Goh Yee Cheong Lam Changquan Lai Temasek Laboratories Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Drive637553Singapore School of Physical&Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link637371Singapore School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore School of Materials Science&Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore

The feasibility of using selective heat melting(SHM) to fabricate composite materials and functionally graded structures was *** report,for the first time,the successful 3 D printing of copper(Cu)-polyethylene(PE) composite,iron(Fe)-polyethylene(PE) composite and functionally graded CuO foams using the SHM *** was found that a low feed rate,high airflow rate and high airflow temperature were required for efficient delivery of heat from the emitted hot air to the powder bed,so that the PE binder particles can melt and form dense composites with smooth *** best mechanical properties were exhibited by composites with 80 vol.% PE,as lower PE concentrations led to deficient binding of the metal particles,while higher PE concentrations meant that very few metal particles were available to strengthen the *** strength exhibited by Cu-PE composites was comparable to engineering plastics such as polycarbonate,with the added advantage of being electrically *** average conductivity of the samples,0.152±0.28 S/m,was on par with physically crosslinked graphene *** subjecting a Cu-PE composite,with Cu concentration graded from 10 vol.% to 30 vol.%,to a high temperature debinding and sintering treatment in air,CuO foam with graded porosity can be *** CuO foam was observed to fail in a layer-by-layer manner under mechanical compression,which is a characteristic of functionally graded *** study shows that,compared to existing 3 D printing techniques,SHM can be cheaper,have wider material compatibility,occupy a smaller footprint and potentially induce less residual stresses in the fabricated ***,it could be a valuable complement to current additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating mechanically strong composite materials and functionally graded structures.

关键词： Selective heat melting Functionally graded materials Additive manufacturing Multimaterial

Interleukin-6 role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： Moaz M. Choudhary Thomas J. France Theodoros N. Teknos pawan kumar Department of 0tolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center The 0hio State University Columbus 0H 43210 USA

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays an important role in a num-ber of cellular processes including proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration and inva-sion. IL-6 mediates its downstream effects by activating a number of signaling cascades including JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. In addition to its effects on tumor cells, IL-6 also regulates tumor progression and tumor metastasis by modulating tumor angiogenesis and tumor lymphangiogenesis. A number of studies have shown that IL-6 levels are markedly upregulated in cancer patients. We and others have shown that high IL-6 expression indepen-dently predicts tumor recurrence, tumor metastasis and poor survival in head and neck cancer patients. Therefore targeting IL-6 signaling is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treat-ment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this review, we discuss the cur-rent understanding of the role of IL-6 in HNSCC progression and potential therapeutic strategies to target IL-6 signaling for the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. Copyright a 2016 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Interleukin-6 JAK STAT3 MAPK PI3K/Akt Nanog

Structure of Space Fabric

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Natural Science 2021年第12期13卷 477-490页

作者： Pramod kumar agrawal Universal Theory Research Centre Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg Jaipur Rajasthan India

This paper first proposes that a physical entity such as an electron and a cosmological entity such as a photon belong to two different levels of the Universe. When declaring that space is a vacuum, we are referring to the physical vacuum, and not the cosmological vacuum. The paper propounds that the space we observe is a fabric of cosmological substances. We cannot presume that something fills the emptiness of space. This paper posits that the fab-ric of cosmological substances creates this emptiness to facilitate physical activities such as electromagnetic waves and gravitational pull. Second, the space fabric is a spatial cosmo-logical phenomenon, whereas time is a physical phenomenon operated by a physical entity. The spacetime continuum is created by physical time acquiring the cosmological space fab-ric. The third part of this paper explains the structure and ingredients of the space fabric. The structure itself explains several cosmological phenomena, including electromagnetic waves, gravitation, light, magnetism, dark matter, and dark energy. The philosophical cor-rectness of the paper is validated through the unification of multidisciplinary aspects, and its scientific correctness is validated by its logical consistency with the results of well-known experiments.

关键词： Space Fabric Aether Dark Matter Spacetime Emptiness of Space

Malignant pleural mesothelioma:The disdained member of thoracic oncology!

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 1-10页

作者： Divya Khosla pawan kumar Singh Bharath A Chhabria Vaishali Kataria Navneet Singh Rakesh Kapoor Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001India Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Ramaiah Memorial HospitalBengaluru 560054India Department of Pulmonary Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Pleural mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignancy that arises from the pleural mesothelial cell lining and is linked strongly to prior asbestos *** ban on asbestos has helped to lower the incidence,but in developing countries like India,it is expected to *** has an extended latency period usually progressing over decades and presents with nonspecific *** has a median survival ranging between 10-22 *** diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma is challenging and is done using computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging,or positron emission tomography-CT,with the last two predicting the resectability of the tumor better than CT alone.A pleural biopsy along with an array of immunohistochemical markers,such as p16,BRCA1 associated protein 1,and claudin-4,are required for a definitive *** genetic alterations have prognostic significance as *** current histological subtype identification is indispensable for decision making because of the new therapeutic avenues being *** combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab-based immunotherapy outperformed platinum and pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in terms of survival benefit and improved quality of life especially for non-epithelioid ***,the latter continues to be a robust treatment option for patients with the epithelioid *** is recommended for resectable cases with radiotherapy being indicated in neoadjuvant,adjuvant,and palliative settings along with systemic *** review article provides an overview of epidemiology,etiology,clinical manifestations,diagnostic approaches(including immunohistochemical and genetic markers),staging,and multidisciplinary approaches to current treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma using surgery,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and *** also sheds light on some recent studies(EMPHACIS,CALGB30901,Checkmate-743,etc.)that have led to significant developments in recent years with clinically mean

关键词： Chemotherapy Diagnosis Immunotherapy Malignant pleural mesothelioma Radiotherapy

Evaluating the Impacts of Security-Durability Characteristic:Data Science Perspective

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 557-567页

作者： Abdullah Alharbi Masood Ahmad Wael Alosaimi Hashem Alyami Alka agrawal Rajeev kumar Abdul Wahid Raees Ahmad Khan Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226025India Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Applications Shri Ramswaroop Memorial UniversityBarabanki225003India Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Maulana Azad National Urdu UniversityHyderabad500032India

Since the beginning of web applications,security has been a critical study *** has been a lot of research done to figure out how to define and identify security goals or ***,high-security web apps have been found to be less durable in recent years;thus reducing their business *** security features of a web application are worthless unless they provide effective services to the user and meet the standards of commercial ***,there is a necessity to link in the gap between durability and security of the web ***,security mechanisms must be used to enhance durability as well as the security of the web *** durability and security are not related directly,some of their factors influence each other *** play an important role in reducing the void between durability and *** this respect,the present study identifies key characteristics of security and durability that affect each other indirectly and directly,including confidentiality,integrity availability,human trust and *** importance of all the attributes in terms of their weight is essential for their influence on the whole security during the development procedure of web *** estimate the efficacy of present study,authors employed the Hesitant Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(H-Fuzzy AHP).The outcomes of our investigations and conclusions will be a useful reference for the web application developers in achieving a more secure and durable web application.

关键词： Software security durability durability of security services web application development process

Evolution and Structure of Elementary Physical Particles

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Natural Science 2022年第8期14卷 328-342页

作者： Pramod kumar agrawal Universal Theory Research Centre Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur India

This paper is presented in two parts. The first part provides a glimpse of the long-awaited unified theory, which explains the parallel activation of different levels of the universe: intellectual (humans), psychological (animals), biological (vegetation), physical (matter), and cosmological (energies) levels, whereas in the conventional approach, the physical and cosmological levels are grouped into the same category. This paper explains the evolution and structure of elementary physical particles (EPPs) based on the evolution and structure of elementary biological particles (cells). The second part of the paper explains the structure and ingredients of the PPE, which are responsible for the creation of the following four fields, as suggested by the author: visibility, forcibility (magnetism), the fullness field, and the hollowness field. All these fields comprise different unknown cosmological substances. These cosmological fields are present in all physical entities and are responsible for all kinds of physical activations. Finally, the paper explains the evolution of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic fields, gravitation, and repulsion (repulsive gravitation). The theory is consistent with all previously conducted experiments and systematically unfolds several mysteries, thereby demonstrating the validity of the proposed theory.

关键词： Dark Matter Dark Energy Evolution of Elementary Physical Particle Repulsive Gravity Space Fabric

Cache Memory Design for Single Bit Architecture with Different Sense Amplifiers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2313-2331页

作者： Reeya agrawal Anjan kumar Salman A.AlQahtani Mashael Maashi Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Theyazn H.H.Aldhyani VLSI Center of Excellence GLA UniversityMathura281406India Computer Engineering Department Research Chair of New Emerging Technologies and 5G Networks and BeyondCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia Software Engineering Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Al-Nahrain University Al-Nahrain Nano-Renewable Energy Research CenterBaghdadIraq Applied College in Abqaiq King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

Most modern microprocessors have one or two levels of on-chip caches to make things run faster,but this is not always the *** of the time,these caches are made of static random access memory *** take up a lot of space on the chip and use a lot of electricity.A lot of the time,low power is more important than several *** is true for phones and *** memory design for single bit architecture consists of six transistors static random access memory cell,a circuit of write driver,and sense amplifiers(such as voltage differential sense amplifier,current differential sense amplifier,charge transfer differential sense amplifier,voltage latch sense amplifier,and current latch sense amplifier,all of which are compared on different resistance values in terms of a number of transistors,delay in sensing and consumption of *** conclusion arises that single bit six transistor static random access memory cell voltage differential sense amplifier architecture consumes 11.34μW of power which shows that power is reduced up to 83%,77.75%reduction in the case of the current differential sense amplifier,39.62%in case of charge transfer differential sense amplifier and 50%in case of voltage latch sense amplifier when compared to existing latch sense amplifier ***,power reduction techniques are applied over different blocks of cache memory architecture to optimize *** single-bit six transistors static random access memory cell with forced tack technique and voltage differential sense amplifier with dual sleep technique consumes 8.078μW of power,i.e.,reduce 28%more power that makes single bit six transistor static random access memory cell with forced tack technique and voltage differential sense amplifier with dual sleep technique more energy efficient.

关键词： Current differential sense amplifier(CDSA) voltage differential sense amplifier(VDSA) voltage latch sense amplifier(VLSA) current latch sense amplifier(CLSA) charge-transfer differential sense amplifier(CTDSA) new emerging technologies