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Ultra-high speed holographic shape and displacement measurements in the hearing sciences

Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2022年第2期3卷 1-14页

作者： Haimi Tang pavel Psota John J.Rosowski Cosme Furlong Jeffrey Tao Cheng Center for Holographic Studies and Laser micro-mechaTronics Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA USA01609 Mechanical Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA USA01609 Faculty of Mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary StudiesTechnical University of LiberecLiberecCzech Republic46117 Eaton-Peabody Laboratory Massachusetts Eye and EarBostonMA USA02114 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA02115

The auditory system of mammals enables the perception of sound from our surrounding *** some of the smallest bones in the body,the ear transduces complex acoustic signals with high-temporal sensitivity to complex mechanical vibrations with magnitudes as small as tens of *** of the shape and acoustically induced motions of different components of the ear are essential if we are to expand our understanding of hearing mechanisms,and also provide quantitative information for the development of numerical ear models that can be used to improve hearing protection,clinical diagnosis,and repair of damaged or diseased *** are developing digital holographic methods and instrumentation using an ultra-high speed camera to measure shape and acoustically-induced motions in the middle *** we study the eardrum,the first structure of the middle ear which initializes the acoustic-mechanical transduction of sound for *** measurement system is capable of performing holographic measurement at rates up to 2.1 M frames per *** shape measurement modalities had previously been implemented into our holographic systems:(1)a multi-wavelength method with a wavelength tunable laser;and(2)a multi-angle illumination method with a single wavelength *** this paper,we present a third method using a miniaturized fringe projection system with a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)***,we optimize the processing of large data sets of holographic displacement measurements using a vectorized Pearson's correlation *** validate and compare the shape and displacement measurements of our methodologies using a National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)traceable gauge and sound-activated latex membranes and human eardrums.

关键词： Ultra-high speed digital holography Microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) Miniaturized Fringe Projection Middle-ear mechanics Shape and displacement measurements.

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Leaf area index estimated by direct, semi-direct, and indirect methods in European beech and sycamore maple stands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 827-836页

作者： Jakub Cerny pavel Haninec Radek Pokorny The Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Research Station at OpocnoNa Olive 55051773 OpocnoCzech Republic The Department of Silviculture and Forest Establishment Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel UniversityZemedelska 361300 BrnoCzech Republic

Leaf area index(LAI)is one of the most important characteristics of forest stands that affects the fundamentals of tree physiological processes,biomass production,and mechanical *** LAI results obtained by the semi-direct and indirect methods(the needle technique and an LAI-2000 PCA)in three European beech(Fagus sylvatica L.)stands and one sycamore maple(Acer pseudoplatanus L.)stand were compared with LAI estimated by litter traps during the 2013 growing *** LAI was estimated using an LAI-2000 PCA which showed similar trends among the stands and strongly corresponded to phenological phases of deciduous stands in Europe,with the fastest rate of leaf area increment occurring during the first month following bud *** the growing season,maximum stand LAI value was on June 19th and reached 4.5–5.1,and 4.0 in the beech and maple stands,*** needle technique significantly underestimated(p05)LAI on average by 15.1%and 5.8%in the beech and maple stands,*** methods for LAI estimation at the stand level could be applicable in deciduous forest stands(beech,maple)with similar site and stand ***,calibration by direct method is necessary to obtain the required precision.

关键词： Leaf area index Specific leaf area Litter trap Needle technique LAI-2000 PCA

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Analysis of the Water Film Behavior and its Breakup on Profile using Experimental and Numerical Methods

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第4期23卷 325-331页

作者： Tomas MUZIK pavel SAFARIK Antonín TUCEK TechSoft Engineering Na Pankraci 2614000 PragueCzech Republic CTU in Prague Department of Fluid Dynamics and ThermodynamicsTechnicka 416607 PragueCzech Republic

This paper deals with the description of water film behaviour on the airfoil NACA0012 using experimental and numerical methods. Properties of the water film on the profile and its breakup into droplets behind the profile are investigated in the aerodynamic tunnel and using CFD methods. The characteristic parameters of the water film, like its thickness and shape for different flow modes are described. Hereafter are described droplets drifted by the air, which water film is broken behind the profile.

关键词：行为分析数值方法水膜实验计算流体力学方法空气动力学特征参数流量模式

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Unveiling the nanotoxicological aspects of Se nanomaterials differing in size and morphology

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 489-500页

作者： Hana Stepankova Hana Michalkova Zbynek Splichal Lukas Richtera pavel Svec Tomas Vaculovic Jan Pribyl Martin Kormunda Simona Rex Vojtech Adam Zbynek Heger Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 1BrnoCZ-61300Czech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyPurkynova 123BrnoCZ-61200Czech Republic Department of Chemistry Masaryk UniversityKamenice 5BrnoCZ-62500Czech Republic Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaMlynska dolinaIlkovicova 684215 BratislavaSlovak Republic Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk UniversityKamenice 5BrnoCZ-62500Czech Republic Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceJ.E.Purkyne UniversityPasteurova 1Usti nad LabemCZ-40096Czech Republic

Although the general concept of nanotechnology relies on exploitation of size-dependent properties of nanoscaled materials,the relation between the size/morphology of nanoparticles with their biological activity remains not well ***,we aimed at investigating the biological activity of Se nanoparticles,one of the most promising candidates of nanomaterials for biomedicine,possessing the same crystal structure,but differing in morphology(nanorods *** particles)and aspect ratios(AR,11.5 vs.22.3 vs.1.0)in human cells and BALB/c ***,we report that in case of nanorod-shaped Se nanomaterials,AR is a critical factor describing their cytotoxicity and ***,spherical nanoparticles(AR 1.0)do not fit this statement and exhibit markedly higher cytotoxicity than lower-AR Se *** of cytotoxicity,we also show that morphology and size substantially affect the uptake and intracellular fate of Se *** line with in vitro data,in vivo *** of Se nanomaterials revealed the highest toxicity for higher-AR nanorods followed by spherical nanoparticles and lower-AR ***,we revealed that Se nanomaterials are able to alter intracellular redox homeostasis,and affect the acidic intracellular vesicles and cytoskeletal architecture in a size-and morphology-dependent *** the tested nanoparticles were produced from the similar sources,their behavior differs markedly,since each type is promising for several various application scenarios,and the presented testing protocol could serve as a concept standardizing the biological relevance of the size and morphology of the various types of nanomaterials and nanoparticles.

关键词： Aspect ratio Biocompatibility Nanotoxicology Nanorods

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Coalification and coal alteration under mild thermal conditions

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第3期5卷 358-373页

作者： pavel Straka Ivana Sykorova Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics v.v.i The Czech Academy of Sciences V Holegovickach 41 18209 Prague 8Czech Republic

Coalification temperatures are often considered to be approximately 100–170 °C for bituminous coal and 170–275 °C for anthracite. However, our micropetrographic observations, solid state 27Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance measurements, interpretation of δ13C values for whewellite in pelosiderite concretions from Carboniferous sediments, and assessment of whewellite thermal stability show that coalification temperatures can be significantly lower. Also the temperatures of coal alteration may be substantially lower than is stated. Ordinarily, high-temperature alteration is reported, but microthermometric measurements of fluids temperatures and micropetrographic observations show that the coal alteration can take place at low temperatures. For this reason, coals from the Kladno–Rakovník Basin, part of Late Paleozoic continental basins of the Czech Republic, were analyzed. Regarding coalification, micropetrographic characterizations of unaltered coals, the presence of thermally unstable Al complexes in the coal organic mass documented using 27Al MAS NMR method, and proven occurrence of whewellite in pelosiderite concretions suggest a lower coalification temperature, max. ~ 70 °C. Regarding coal alteration, micropetrographic observations revealed (a) the weaker intensity of fluorescence of liptinite, (b) mylonitic structures and microbreccia with carbonate fluid penetration, and (c) high oxygen content in coals (37–38 wt.%). These phenomena are typical for thermal and oxidative alteration of coal. As the temperature of carbonate fluids inferred from fluid inclusion analysis was evaluated as ~ 100–113 °C, the temperature of coal alteration was suggested as ~ 113 °C; the alteration was caused by hot hydrothermal fluids.

关键词：煤化温度改变液体温度热稳定性质量记录碳酸盐低温度古生代

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Structural and photocatalytic characteristics of TiO_(2) coatings produced by various thermal spray techniques

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第3期2卷 218-226页

作者： pavel CTIBOR Vaclav STENGL Zdenek PALA Institute of Plasma Physics ASCRv.v.i.Za Slovankou 3PragueCzech Republic Institute of Inorganic Chemistry ASCRv.v.i.Husinec-RezCzech Republic

Titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))was elaborated by four different thermal spray techniques-(i)plasma spraying using a water-stabilized torch,(ii)plasma spraying using a gas-stabilized torch,(iii)high velocity oxy-fuel gun,and(iv)oxy-acetylene *** porosity of the coatings was studied by optical microscopy,nano-structural features by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),phase composition by X-ray diffraction(XRD);the microhardness,surface roughness and wear resistance were *** diffuse reflectance was measured by ultra-violet/visible/near-infrared(UV/Vis/NIR)scanning *** kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of gaseous acetone was measured under a UV lamp with 365 nm *** all the applied spray processes,the transformation of anatase phase from the initial powders to rutile phase in the coatings *** spite of this transformation,all the coatings exhibited certain photocatalytic activity,which correlated well with their band gap energy calculated from *** the coatings offer relatively good mechanical properties and can serve as robust photocatalysts.

关键词： plasma spraying high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying flame spraying titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) photocatalysis band gap

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Modelling of microbial enhanced oil recovery application using anaerobic gas-producing bacteria

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Petroleum Science 2014年第2期11卷 272-278页

作者： pavel Spirov Yanina Ivanova Svetlana Rudyk Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Chemistry & Environment Mrsk Olie og Gas A/S Kanalen 2 DK-6700 Esbjerg

Microbial enhanced oil recovery （MEOR） methods apply injection of bacteria to depleted oil reservoirs to produce oil, which had remained unrecovered after the conventional methods of production. The ability ofthermophilic anaerobic bacteria to produce gas as the main mechanism in potential MEOR in high salinities of 70-100 g/L was investigated in this study. Maximum gas production of up to 350 mL per 700 mL of salty solution was produced at a salinity of 90 g/L stably during 2-4 days of experiment. The experimental results were upscaled to the Snorre Oilfield, Norway, and simulated using ECLIPSE software for 27 months. The best scenarios showed that the increase in oil recovery on average was at 21% and 17.8% respectively. This study demonstrated that anaerobic bacteria used in biogas plants could be an attractive candidate for MEOR implementation due to their ability to withstand high temperature and salinity, and produce gas in large volumes.

关键词： Microbiological enhanced oil recovery CO2 injection ECLIPSE simulation

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Treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis： a systematic review

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第2期15卷 173-184页

作者： Leos Pleva pavel Kukla Ota Hlinomaz Department of Cardiovascular Diseases University Hospital Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Cardioangiology St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno CZ Czech Republic International Clinical Research Center St. Anne's University Hospital Brno CZ Czech Republic

冠的 stent 培植显著地改进了经皮的冠的干预并且启用了平凡汽球 angioplasty 的早复杂并发症的管理。然而，新复杂并发症伴随了这些改进：从 neointimal 增生产生的 in-stent 狭窄(ISR ) 。在冠的 angioplasty 以后的 ISR 当前是这个... 详细信息

冠的 stent 培植显著地改进了经皮的冠的干预并且启用了平凡汽球 angioplasty 的早复杂并发症的管理。然而，新复杂并发症伴随了这些改进：从 neointimal 增生产生的 in-stent 狭窄(ISR ) 。在冠的 angioplasty 以后的 ISR 当前是这个方法的主要限制之一，导致 exertional 心绞痛或急性冠的症候群的复发。在赤裸金属的 stent (BMS ) 以后的 ISR 的临床的发生培植是近似 20%-35% 。drug-eluting stents (DES ) 的使用在 ISR 的出现导致了进一步的减少到 5%-10% 。源于控制临床的研究的证据建议 DES 和 drug-eluting 汽球导管(初上舞台的人) 提供临床的最好， angiographic 导致 ISR 的处理。我们为 BMS-ISR 和 DES-ISR 拿了 pathophysiology，诊断和处理选择的系统的评论。我们讨论最近的 randomised 研究，比较为新 biovascular scafolds 和 scafold 狭窄的话题的 BMS 或 DES-ISR 处理，以及使用使用的不同 DES 或初上舞台的人。

关键词：狭窄评论系统治疗 ISR 使用使用并发症 DES

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Adipokinetic hormones control amylase activity in the cockroach （Periplaneta americana） gut

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 259-269页

作者： Karolina Bodlakova pavel Jedlicka Dalibor Kodrik Gymnasium Ceska 64 370 21 Ceske Budejovice Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry CAS Flemingovo sq. 2 166 10 Prague Institute of Entomology Biology Centre CAS and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Branisovska 31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic

This study examined the biochemical characteristics of a-amylase and hor- monal （adipokinetic hormone： AKH） stimulation of a-amylase activity in the cockroach （Periplaneta americana） midgut. We applied two AKHs in vivo and in vitro, then measured resultant amylase activity and gene expression, as well as the expression of AKH receptor （AKHR）. The results revealed that optimal amylase activity is characterized by the follow- ing： pH： 5.7, temperature： 38.4 ℃, Km （Michaelis-Menten constant）： 2.54 mg starch/mL, and Vmax （maximum reaction velocity）： 0.185 μmol maltose/mL/min. In vivo application of AKHs resulted in significant increase of amylase activity： by two-fold in the gastric caeca and 4-7 fold in the rest of the midgut. In vitro experiments supported results seen in vivo： a 24-h incubation with the hormones resulted in the increase of amylase activity by 1.4 times in the caeca and 4-9 times in the midgut. Further, gene expression analyses reveal that AKt-IR is expressed in both the caeca and the rest of the midgut, although expression levels in the former were 23 times higher than levels in the latter. A similar pattern was found for the amylase （AMY） gene. Hormonal treatment did not affect the expression of either gene. This study is the first to provide evidence indicating direct AKH stimulation of digestive enzyme activity in the insect midgut, supported by specific AKHR gene expression in this organ.

关键词： AKH AKH receptor amylase enzyme gene expression midgut

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Asymptotics for the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers Equation

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第5期22卷 1441-1456页

作者： Nakao HAYASHI pavel I.NAUMKIN Department of Mathematics Graduate School of ScienceOsaka UniversityOsakaToyonaka560-0043Japan Instituto de Matemáticas UNAM Campus MoreliaAP 61-3(Xangari)Morelia CP 58089MichoacánMexico

We study large time asymptotics of solutions to the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation ut＋uux-uxx＋uxxx=0,x∈R,t〉0. We are interested in the large time asymptotics for the case when the initial data have an arbitrary size. We prove that if the initial data u0 ∈H^s （R）∩L^1 （R）, where s 〉 -1/2, then there exists a unique solution u （t, x） ∈C^∞ （（0,∞）;H^∞ （R）） to the Cauchy problem for the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation, which has asymptotics u（t）=t^-1/2fM（（·）t^-1/2）＋0（t^-1/2） as t →∞, where fM is the self-similar solution for the Burgers equation. Moreover if xu0 （x） ∈ L^1 （R）, then the asymptotics are true u（t）=t^-1/2fM（（·）t^-1/2）＋O（t^-1/2-γ） where γ ∈ （0, 1/2）.

关键词： Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation asymptotics for large time large initial data

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