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Psychosocial factors and their association with reflux oesophagitis,Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第11期19卷 1770-1777页

作者： paul Denver Michael Donnelly Liam J murray Lesley A Anderson Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT12 6BJNorthern IrelandUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate the role of psychological characteristics as risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC),as well as the reflux-mediated precursor ***:An all-Ireland population-based case-control study recruited 230 reflux oesophagitis(RO),224 Barrett's oesophagus(BO) and 227 OAC patients and 260 *** case/control group completed measures of stress,depression,self-efficacy,self-esteem,repression and social support.A comparative analysis was undertaken using polytomous logistic regression adjusted for potential ***:Compared to controls,OAC patients were almost half as likely to report high stress levels over their lifetime(P = 0.010,OR 0.51;95%CI:0.29-0.90)and 36% less likely to report having experienced depression(OR 0.64;95%CI:0.42-0.98).RO patients reported significantly higher stress than controls particularly during middle-and senior-years(P for trends < 0.001).RO patients were 37% less likely to report having been highly emotionally repressed(OR 0.63;95%CI:0.41-0.95).All case groups(OAC,RO and BO) were more likely than controls to report having had substantial amounts of social support(OR 2.84;95%CI:1.63-4.97;OR 1.97;95%CI:1.13-3.44 and OR 1.83;95%CI:1.03-3.24,respectively).CONCLUSION:The improved psychological profile of OAC patients may be explained by response *** role of psychological factors in the development of OAC requires further investigation.

关键词： Reflux oesophagitis Barrett’s oesophagus Oesophageal adenocarcinoma Adjustment Psychological Psychosocial factors

Schizophrenia-associated MicroRNA–Gene Interactions in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第6期17卷 623-634页

作者： Danielle M.Santarelli Adam P.Carroll Heath M.Cairns paul A.Tooney murray J.Cairns School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastleNSW 2305Australia

Schizophrenia-associated anomalies in gene expression in postmortem brain can be attributed to a combination of genetic and environmental influences. Given the small effect size of common variants, it is likely that we may only see the combined impact of some of these at the pathway level in small postmortem studies. At the gene level, however, there may be more impact from common environmental exposures mediated by influential epigenomic modifiers, such as microRNA(miRNA). We hypothesise that dysregulation of miRNAs and their alteration of gene expression have significant implications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we integrate changes in cortical gene and miRNA expression to identify regulatory interactions and networks associated with the disorder. Gene expression analysis in post-mortem prefrontal dorsolateral cortex(BA 46)(n = 74 matched pairs of schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and control samples)was integrated with miRNA expression in the same cohort to identify gene–miRNA regulatory networks. A significant gene–miRNA interaction network was identified, including miR-92 a, miR-495,and miR-134, which converged with differentially expressed genes in pathways involved in neurodevelopment and oligodendrocyte function. The capacity for miRNA to directly regulate gene expression through respective binding sites in BCL11 A, PLP1, and SYT11 was also confirmed to support the biological relevance of this integrated network model. The observations in this study support the hypothesis that mi RNA dysregulation is an important factor in the complex pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

关键词： Schizophrenia MicroRNA Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Network Neuropathology

Effect of Treatment for CHC on Liver Disease Progression and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in African Americans

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第3期3卷 163-168页

作者： Naveen Reddy paul Naylor Zaher Hakim Redwan Asbahi Karthik Ravindran Elizabeth May murray Ehrinpreis Milton Mutchnick Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Gastroenterology Wayne State University School of MedicineHarper University Hospital Detroit MI USA

Background and Aims:African Americans (AA) historically have a low response rate to hepatitis C therapies,and there is limited information available for this patient population regarding the development and treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC).The aim of this study was to evaluate liver disease progression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in AA with ***:Between 1995 and 2008,246 AA patients with CHC were identified from a database of patients and followed until 2012-2013 (average 8 years)or the development of HCC after ***:Viral clearance (intent to treat;sustained virus response (SVR)) was achieved in 15% of patients with interferon based therapies with or without *** patients who achieved an SVR (n=22) did not develop HCC or new onset cirrhosis,whereas the HCC incidence in untreated AA patients was 23% (51/203).Patients who achieved an SVR also had improved fibrosis,as defined by the AST Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score,relative to nonresponders and untreated ***:The severity of liver disease at the first visit (except for cirrhosis) correlated with the development of HCC,but because of the overlap in values between patients,these measurements were not useful for predicting individual *** cirrhosis at the first visit was not a predictive factor,treatment with newer antiviral therapies is the best option for reducing the incidence of advanced liver disease and its harmful outcomes in the AA population.

关键词： Hepatitis C Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma APRI Fib-4

Overestimate of Fibrosis by FIBROSpect(R) Ⅱ in African Americans Complicates the Management of their Chronic Hepatitis C

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第1期4卷 12-19页

作者： Maher Tama paul Naylor Suhag Patel Johnny Altawil Dhiraj Gulati Fadi Antaki Milton G.Mutchnick murray Ehrinpreis Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Detroit MI USA

Background:Evaluation of advanced fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is used to facilitate decisions on treatment strategy and to initiate additional screening ***,most studies have predominately Caucasian (Cau) patients and may not be as relevant for African Americans (AA).Aims:This study specifically addresses the issue of defining minimal *** fibrosis in African Americans (AA) with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) using noninvasive ***:All patients (n =319) seen between 1 January 2008 and 30 June 2013 for whom a FibroSpect II(R) (FSII) assay was performed and had data for calculation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)platelet ratio index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) were identified using the medical ***:When liver biopsy score and FSII assay results for the AA patients with CHC were compared,31% of AA had advanced FSII fibrosis scores (F2-F4) despite a biopsy score of *** contrast,10% of Cau *** AA false positive rate was 14% for APRI and 34% for *** FSII with either APRI (7% false positive) or FIB-4 (10% false positive) improved the false positive rate in AA to 7% (FSII + APRI) and 10%(FSII + FIB-4) but reduced the sensitivity for significant ***:The FSII assay overestimates fibrosis in AA and should be used with caution since these patients may not have significant *** the APRI or FIB-4 assay is combined with the FSII assay,minimal fibrosis in AA can be defined without subjecting the patients to a subsequent biopsy.

关键词： Hepatitis c Fibrosis African Americans Fibrospect

A T-Cell Model for the Biological Role of Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1997年第2期10卷 246-252页

作者： ALAN M. DIAMOND YASUSHI KATAOKA JUDITH murray DUAN CHENGYING THOMAS M. FOLKST,AND paul. A. SANDSTROM(Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA Retrovirus Disease Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology University of Chicago IL 60637 USA.

The cytosolic form of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase detoxifies both hydrogen and lipid peroxides and therefore represents a major component of the cellular anti-oxidant defenses. In order to study the biological role of this enzyme, we generated an expression construct in a retroviral vector, which when introduced into immortalized human T-cells, resulted in significant increases in the activity of this important enzyme. This effect is stable over extended maintenance in culture. The anti-oxidant defenses in these same cells are also shown to be attenuated hy chemically reducing cellular glutathione levels. Collectively, the abllity to both increase and decrease the anti-oxidant defenses in human T cells results in a useful model system for the study of oxidative stress and signaling in this cell type

关键词： Res cell A T-Cell Model for the Biological Role of Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase HIV AIDS

Radiofrequency catheter renal sympathetic nerve ablation for resistant hypertension

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Radiofrequency catheter renal sympathetic nerve ablation for...

Medication compliance among mentally Ill patients in public clinics in Kingston and St. Andrew, Jamaica

第七届海峡两岸心血管科学研讨会

作者： murray Esler Markus Schlaich paul Sobotka Rob Whitbourn Tony Walton Henry Krum Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

Background:In essential hypertension,renal noradrenaline(NA)spillover is commonly increased and in experimental hypertension renal sympathectomy abolishes the blood pressure *** renal sympathetic nerve ablation with catheter-based radiofrequency energy(Symplicity,Ardian Inc.)was tested in patients with resistant hypertension(SBP above 160 mmHg on 3 or more anti-hypertensive drugs,including a diuretic).Methods: Office blood pressure(BP)and safety data were acquired prior to,and at 1,3,6 and 12 months post-procedure. Whole body and renal noradrenaline spillover were measured with isotope dilution in a subset of 10 patients at baseline and 30 days ***:45 pts with a baseline mean office blood pressure of 177/ 101 mmHg(SD 20/15),(mean 4.7 antihypertensive medications)were studied;office blood pressures after procedure were reduced by 14/10,21/10,22/11,24/11,and 27/17 mmHg at 1,3,6,9,and 12 months,respectively. Thirty days after denervation,mean reduction in total renal noradrenaline spillover was 47%,P=0.023 (95%CI 28%～65%),and total body NA spillover was reduced 28%,P =0.043(95%CI 4%～52%).One intra-procedural renal artery dissection occurred before radiofrequency energy delivery without further *** other renal vascular complications were identified with short term repeat angiographic studies or with CTA or MRA 6 months after the ablations Conclusions:Renal sympathetic nerve ablation is associated with reduction of renal NA spillover indicative of disabling of renal efferent sympathetic *** renal sympathetic nerves from the kidney to the brain influence central sympathetic output,and the observed reduction of total body NA spillover suggests renal sympathetic afferent traffic is *** afferent nerve disabling is a significant cause of the reduction of BP, the effect is expected to be lifelong,since these nerves have little capacity for *** disabling of renal sympathetic nerves is associated with

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2010年第6期3卷 602-611页

作者： Andrea E. Pusey-murray paul A. Bourne Stan Warren Janet LaGrenade Christopher A. D. Charles 不详

The Bellevue and the Hagley Park mental health outpatient clinics in Jamaica serve the majority of psychiatric patients in the country, but there is a dearth of research on medication compliance, which is a very important mental health issue. Medication compliance affects intervention outcomes. Therefore, this study seeks to examine medication compliance among psychiatric patients in Jamaica. A 33-item questionnaire which included items on demographics, health conditions, medication compliance and insightfulness was administered to a sample of 370 participants with a response rate of 93%. The majority of the participants have schizophrenia, followed by depression, bipolar disorder and drug-induced psychosis. The majority of the participants (65.3%) did not comply with their prescribed medication regimen. Medication compliance was significantly related to: gender (P < 0.05) where males were more likely to take the prescribed medication, family support (P < 0.05) where the participants who received family support (the majority being males) were more likely to take the prescribed medication, and insightfulness (P < 0.05) where the majority of participants with insightfulness were females. Locus on control was not statistically tested but a majority of the non- compliant participants reported that factors external to themselves had greater control over their disorder. Conclusion: There are three significant factors that explain the medication compliance of psychiatric patients in Jamaica. An important non-tested factor is locus of control so there needs to be more research to understand the range of factors that can inform and improve patient education about medication compliance.

关键词： Medication Compliance Mentally Ill Public Clinics Kingston St. Andrew

Effects of low intensity laser irradiation phototherapy on dental pulp constructs

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World Journal of Stomatology 2013年第1期2卷 12-17页

作者： Amr M Elnaghy Peter E murray paul Bradley Melissa Marchesan Kenneth N Namerow Amany E Badr Youssry M El-Hawary Farid A Badria Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Department Faculty of Dentistry Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt Department of Endodontics College of Dental Medicine Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33328-2018 United States Department of Orofacial Pain College of Dental Medicine Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33328-2018 United States Department of Oral Biology Faculty of Dentistry Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt

AIM: To investigate low intensity laser irradiation phototherapy(LILIP) on the proliferation, mineralization and degradation of dental pulp ***: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED) were grown to confluence and seeded on collagen scaffolds to create dental pulp constructs. LILIP was delivered to the dental pulp constructs using an 830 nm GaA IAs laser at an output power of 20 m W. The LILIP energy density was 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 2.4 J/cm2. After 8 d, the cell proliferation and degradation within the dental pulp constructs were measured using histologic criteria. After 28 d, the effect of LILIP on SHED mineralization was assessed by von Kossa ***: SHED proliferation within the dental pulp constructs varied after exposure to the 0.4, 0.8, 1.2,and 2.4 J/cm2 LILIP energy densities(P < 0.05). The maximum proliferation of SHED in nutrient deficient media was 218% after exposure to a 1.2 J/cm2 LILIP energy density. SHED grown in nutrient deficient media after exposure to a 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 J/cm2 LILIP energy density, proliferated by 167-218% compared to the untreated(non-LILIP) control group(P < 0.05).SHED exposed to a 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 J/cm2 LILIP energy density, and grown in optimal nutritional conditions and proliferated by 147%-164% compared to the untreated(non-LILIP) control group(P < 0.05). The exposure of SHED to the highest LILIP energy density(2.4 J/cm2) caused a reduction of the cell proliferation of up to 73% of the untreated(non-LILIP) control(P < 0.05). The amount of mineral produced by SHED increased over time up to 28 d(P < 0.05). The 0.8 and 1.2J/cm2 LILIP energy densities were the most effective at stimulating the increased the mineralization of the SHED from 150%-700% compared to untreated(nonLILIP) control over 28 d(P < 0.05). The degradation of dental pulp constructs was affected by LILIP(P <0.05). The dental pulp constructs grown in optimal nutritional conditions exposed to a 0.8 J/cm2 or 1.2 J/cm2 LILIP e

关键词： Dental pulp cells Proliferation Low intensity laser Low intensity laser irradiation phototherapy Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

缩小精神病生物学模型与社会心理学模型研究间的差距（英文）

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上海精神医学 2015年第3期27卷 139-143页

作者： murray RM Sideli L La Cascia C La Barbera D Department of Psychosis Studies Institute of PsychiatryPsychologyand NeuroscienceKing’s College London Section of Psychiatry Department of Experimental biomedicine and clinical neuroscienceSchool of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Palermo

paul Bebbington最近发表的专题文章对精神病的社会心理学研究的最新进展做了一个极好的综述。然而,我们对一个仅仅基于社会流行病学和认知理论的模型可以完全描述精神病持有疑虑,并且公平地说,Bebbington也不认为这个模型可以完全描述... 详细信息

paul Bebbington最近发表的专题文章对精神病的社会心理学研究的最新进展做了一个极好的综述。然而,我们对一个仅仅基于社会流行病学和认知理论的模型可以完全描述精神病持有疑虑,并且公平地说,Bebbington也不认为这个模型可以完全描述。一个完整的模型必须纳入我们从非社会流行病学、神经科学和遗传学中汲取的经验教训。有证据表明,Bebbington感兴趣的社会风险因素,和诸如滥用兴奋剂和大麻之类的生物危险因素都可以通过纹状体多巴胺失调而激发精神病症状。在精神分裂症样精神病的病因学中,我们也需要考虑神经发育异常。此外,我们对精神病的遗传学理解上的惊人进展为研究探讨基因-环境相关性和基因-环境相互作用打开一扇令人兴奋的大门。总之,Bebbington阐述了认知领域的学者与社会研究者互相交流的价值,但偶尔更倾向于生物学方面的角度可能发展出一个更全面的模型。

关键词：精神病精神分裂症遗传学神经发育多巴胺社会因素