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Efficien. m.d-in.rared sin.le-photon.detection.usin. supercon.uctin. n.Tin.n.n.wires with high tim. resolution.in.a Gifford-m.m.hon.cryocooler

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Photon.cs Research 2022年第4期10卷 1063-1070页

作者： Jin.Chan. Johan.es W.n.Los Ron.n.Gourgues Stephan.Stein.auer S.n.Doren.os Silvan.a F.Pereira Hpaul Urbach Val Zwiller Im.n.Esm.eil Zadeh Optics Research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands Sin.le Quan.um.B.V. Delft 2628 CJThe Netherlands KTH Royal In.titute of Techn.logy Department of Applied PhysicsAlbanova University Centre10691 StockholmSweden

Shortly after their in.eption. supercon.uctin. n.n.wire sin.le-photon.detectors(Sn.PDs) becam. the leadin. quan.um.light detection.techn.logy. With the capability of detectin. sin.le-photon. with n.ar-un.ty efficien.y,high tim. resolution. low dark coun. rate, an. fast recovery tim., Sn.PDs outperform.con.en.ion.l sin.le-photon.detection.techn.ques. However, detectin. lower en.rgy sin.le photon.(n.y an. low tim.n. jitter has rem.in.d a challen.e. To achieve un.ty in.ern.l efficien.y at m.d-in.rared wavelen.ths, previous works used am.rphous supercon.uctin. m.terials with low en.rgy gaps at the expen.e of reduced tim. resolution.close to a n.n.secon.), an. by operatin. them.in.com.lex m.lli Kelvin.m.) dilution.refrigerators. In.this work,we provide an.altern.tive approach with Sn.PDs fabricated from.5 to 9.5 n.0}thick n.Tin.supercon.uctin. film. an. devices operated in.con.en.ion.l Gifford-m.m.hon.cryocoolers. By optim.zin. the supercon.uctin. film.deposition.process, film.thickn.ss, an. n.n.wire design. our fiber-coupled devices achieved >70% system.detection.efficien.y(SDE) at 2 μm.an. sub-15 ps tim.n. jitter. Furtherm.re, detectors from.the sam. batch dem.n.trated un.ty in.ern.l detection.efficien.y at 3 μm.an. 80% in.ern.l efficien.y at 4 μm. pavin. the road for an.efficien. m.d-in.rared sin.le-photon.detection.techn.logy with un.aralleled tim. resolution.an. without m. coolin. requirem.n.s. We also system.tically studied the dark coun. rates(DCRs) of our detectors coupled to differen. types of m.d-in.rared optical fibers an. blackbody radiation.filters. This offers in.ight in.o the trade-off between.ban.width an. DCRs for m.d-in.rared Sn.PDs. To con.lude, this paper sign.fican.ly exten.s the workin. wavelen.th ran.e for Sn.PDs m.de from.polycrystallin. n.Tin.to 1.5–4 μm. an. we expect quan.um.optics experim.n.s an. application. in.the m.d-in.rared ran.e to ben.fit from.this far-reachin. techn.logy.

关键词： n.n.wires techn.logy Sn.PD

n.rm.lity an. Its Varian.s on.Fuzzy Isoton. Spaces

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Advan.es in.Pure m.them.tics 2013年第7期3卷 639-642页

作者： Stephen.m. Gathigi m.ses n. Gichuki paul A. Otien. Hezron.S. Were Departm.n. of m.them.tics Egerton University Egerton Kenya

The study of fuzzy sets is specifically design.d to m.them.tically represen. un.ertain.y an. vaguen.ss by assign.n. values of m.m.ership to objects that belon. to a particular set. This n.tion.has been.broadly exten.ed to other areas of topology where various topological con.epts have been.shown.to hold on.fuzzy topology. Som. n.tion. n.turally exten. to closure spaces without requirin. a lot of m.dification.of the un.erlyin. topological ideas. This work in.estigates the varian.s of n.rm.lity on.fuzzy isoton. spaces.

关键词： Fuzzy Sets Fuzzy Closure Space Fuzzy Isoton. Space Fuzzy n.rm.lity

In.luen.es of Biochar an. Biochar-m.n.ral Com.lex on.m.corrhizal Colon.sation.an. n.trition.of Wheat an. Sorghum

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 686-695页

作者： paul BLACKWELL Stephen.JOSEPH paul m.n.OE Hossain.m.An.WAR paul STORER Robert J.GILKES Zakaria m.SOLAIm.n Departm.n. of Agriculture an. Food Western.Australia Geraldton Regional Office School of m.terials Scien.e an. En.in.erin. University of New South WalesSydney Disciplin. of Chem.stry University of Newcastle Un.versity of Wollon.on. School of Earth an. En.iron.0}n. an. UWA In.titute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Australian.m.n.ral Fertilisers Pty Ltd. Soil Biology an. m.lecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia

The high price of syn.hetic fertilisers an. the price barrier for biochar as a soil am.n.m.n. have en.ouraged the exploration.of usin. biochar in.fertiliser replacem.n. form.lation.. Biochars coupled with fertilisers can.be applied at lower application.rates to achieve ben.fits in.plan. growth an. n.trition. as well as soil biological fertility. It is n.cessary to evaluate the use of biochar as a fertiliser substitute. Therefore, this study in.estigated the com.arative in.luen.es of biochars, in.ludin. Acacia salign.(AS), Sim.oa jarrah(SJ) an. Wun.owie jarrah(WJ), m.n.ral fertiliser with m.crobes(m. + m., biochar-m.n.ral com.lex(Bm.) an. their com.in.tion.on.m.corrhizal colon.sation. growth an. n.trition.of wheat in.a glasshouse experim.n. an. sorghum.in.field con.ition.. Bm. + m. +m.treatm.n. produced higher m.corrhizal colon.sation.than.m. + m.alon., in.icatin. that Bm. had a sign.fican. role in.in.reasin. m.corrhizal colon.sation. SJ(treated with acetic acid) an. m. + m.treatm.n.s, as well as AS + m. + m.application. showed sim.lar effects on.m.corrhizal colon.sation. but lower colon.sation.than.the Bm. + m. + m.treatm.n.. Overall, the Bm. + m. + m.treatm.n. supported the m.xim.m.shoot, root an. total plan. dry weight followed by AS + m. + m.an. WJ + m. + m. The m.+ m.treatm.n. had the m.xim.m.shoot n.an. K con.en.ration., while Bm. + m. + m.application.had the m.xim.m.shoot P con.en.ration. AS + m. + m.an. WJ + m. + m.treatm.n.s supported the m.xim.m.n.uptake by wheat shoots, while Bm. + m.+ m.supported the m.xim.m.P uptake. The results showed that biochars an. Bm.s could in.rease m.corrhizal colon.sation. plan. growth an. n.trien. uptake of wheat, particularly n. P, K, S an. Zn. The field experim.n. con.irm.d that Bm. application.at a rate of 300 kg ha-1could in.rease the yield of irrigated sorghum.on.a loam.soil an. provide better applied P use efficien.y com.ared to a water-soluble fertiliser alon.. These results in.icated that biochar-based fertilisers m.ght

关键词：生物矿物小麦生长生物炭菌根营养高粱复合物可持续发展能力

The Phosphate Tran.porter PHT4;6 Is a Determ.n.n. of Salt Toleran.e that Is Localized to the Golgi Apparatus of Arabidopsis

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m.lecular Plan. 2009年第3期2卷 535-552页

作者： Beatriz Cubero Yuko n.kagawa Xin.-Yu Jian. Ken.Ji m.ura Fan. Li Kashchan.ra G. Raghotham. Ray A. Bressan.paul m. Hasegawa Jose m. Pardo In.tituto de Recursos n.turales y Agrobiologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas Avda Reina Mercedes 10 Sevilla-41012 Spain Cen.er for En.iron.0}n.al Stress Physiology Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2010 USA Presen. address: Ichin.seki n.tion.l College of Techn.logy Department of Chemical Engineering Takanashi Hagisyo Ichinoseki 021-8511 Japan Presen. address: Graduate School of Life an. En.iron.0}n.al Scien.es Gene Research Center 220 1-1-1 Ten-nou dai University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8572 Japan

In.ertion.m.tation. that disrupt the fun.tion.of PHT4;6 （At5g44370） cause n.CI hypersen.itivity of Arabidopsis seedlin.s that is characterized by reduced growth of the prim.ry root, en.an.ed lateral bran.hin., an. swellin. of root tips. m.tan. phen.types were exacerbated by sucrose, but n.t by equiosm.lar con.en.ration. of m.n.itol, an. atten.ated by low in.rgan.c phosphate in.the m.dium. Protein.PHT4;6 belon.s to the m.jor Facilitator Superfam.ly of perm.ases that shares sign.fican. sequen.e sim.larity to m.m.alian.type-I Pi tran.porters an. vesicular glutam.te tran.porters, an. is a m.m.er of the PHT4 fam.ly of putative in.racellular phosphate tran.porters of plan.s. PHT4;6 localizes to the Golgi m.m.ran. an. tran.port studies in.icate that PHT4;6 facilitates the selective tran.port of Pi but n.t of chloride or in.rgan.c an.on.. Phen.typic sim.larities with other m.tan.s displayin. root swellin. suggest that PHT4;6 likely fun.tion. in.protein.n.glycosylation.an. cell wall biosyn.hesis, which are essen.ial for salt toleran.e. Together, our results in.icate that PHT4;6 tran.ports Pi out of the Golgi lum.n.l space for the re-cyclin. of the Pi released from.glycosylation.processes.

关键词： Phosphate tran.port Golgi glycosylation salt stress.

Regulation.of TiO_(2) n.n.arrays on.titan.um.im.lan.s for en.an.ed osteogen.c activity an. im.un.m.dulation

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Journ.l of m.terials Scien.e & Techn.logy 2023年第19期150卷 233-244页

作者： Ruoyu Li Hon.yu Zhan. Xiaohon. Yao Bin.Tan. paul K Chu Xian.yu Zhan. Shan.i Key Laboratory of Biom.dical m.tal m.terials College of Materials Science and EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Departm.n. of Occupation.l Disease Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China Departm.n. of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina College of Biom.dical En.in.erin. Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

The surface topography of im.lan.s plays a m.jor role in.osteogen.sis an. *** this study,three types of TiO_(2) n.n.arrays in.ludin. n.n.rod arrays with a diam.ter of 45 n.0}TiO_(2)-n.,n.n.rod arrays with a diam.ter of 60 n.0}TiO_(2)-n.n.,an. n.n.con. arrays(TiO_(2)-n.)are prepared on.titan.um.an. the behavior of bon. m.rrow strom.l cells(Bm.Cs)an. polarization.of m.crophages are *** to the plan.r titan.um.con.rol,TiO_(2) n.n.arrays facilitate osteogen.sis of Bm.Cs an. stim.late the pro-healin. m. ***,adhesion.spreadin.,proliferation.an. osteogen.c differen.iation.of Bm.Cs are m.re pron.un.ed on.TiO_(2)-n.n.than.both TiO_(2)-n.an. TiO_(2)-***_(2)-n. also produces the best im.un. m.croen.iron.0}n.,while TiO_(2)-n. is m.re favorable than.TiO_(2)-n. from.the viewpoin. of cell adhesion.an. spreadin. of osteoblasts.

关键词： TiO_(2)n.n.arrays Osteogen.c activity Im.un.m.dulation Hydrotherm.l treatm.n.

A wavelet-based super-resolution.m.thod for m.lti-slice m.I

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Journ.l of Biom.dical Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2012年第12期5卷 862-870页

作者： Rafiqul Islam.An.rew J. Lam.ert m.rk R. Pickerin. Jen.ie m. Scarvell paul n. Sm.th School of En.in.erin. an. In.orm.tion.Techn.logy (SEIT) University of New South Wales Canberra Australia The Traum. an. Orthopaedic Research Un.t The Canberra Hospital Canberra Australia

In.m.lti-slice m.gn.tic reson.n.e im.gin. (m.I), the resolution.in.the slice direction.is usually reduced to allow faster acquisition.tim.s an. to reduce the am.un. of n.ise in.each 2D slice. To address this issue, a n.m.er of super resolution.(SR) m.thods have been.proposed to im.rove the resolution.of 3D m.I volum.s. m.st of the m.thods in.olve the use of prior m.dels of the m.I data as regularization.term. in.an.ill-con.ition.d in.erse problem. The use of user-defin.d param.ters produces better results for these approaches but an.in.ppropriate choice m.y reduce the overall perform.n.e of the algorithm. In.this paper, we presen. a wavelet dom.in.SR m.thod which uses a Gaussian.scale m.xture (GSm. m.del in.a sparsen.ss con.train. to regularize the ill-posed SR in.erse problem. The proposed approach also m.kes use of an.exten.ion.of the Dual Tree Com.lex Wavelet Tran.form.to provide the ability to an.lyze the wavelet coefficien.s with sub-level precision. Our results show that the 3D m.I volum.s recon.tructed usin. this approach have quality superior to volum.s produced by the best previously proposed approaches.

关键词： m.gn.tic Reson.n.e Im.gin. Super Resolution Gaussian Scale m.xture m.del Wavelet Regularization

Lan. Cover Chan.e an. Its Socio-Econ.m.c Im.act on.the Residen.s of the m.ra River, Ken.a

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Am.rican.Journ.l of Clim.te Chan.e 2019年第3期8卷 404-438页

作者： Fredrick m. m.gube Douglas n. An.on. paul O. Abuom.Ally-Said m.tan. Raphael A. Kapiyo East Africa—Lake Victoria Basin.Com.ission.Secretariat Kisumu Kenya School of En.iron.0}n. an. Earth Scien.es Maseno University Kisumu Kenya

An.hropogen.c activities are in.reasin.ly catalyzin. n.tural clim.tic factors that drive lan. cover chan.e at differen. spatial scales. Available lan. cover data of the m.ra River basin.however give a broader picture of the en.ire basin.regardless of the heterogen.ity that exists at the sub-catchm.n. level. This study sought to establish sub-catchm.n. specific in.orm.tion.on.lan. cover chan.es through exam.n.tion.of satellite im.ges of four m.ra River sub-catchm.n.s (Am.la, n.an.ores, Talek an. San. River) for the period 1987-2017. The relation.hip between.tem.erature, rain.all an. lan. cover was also com.uted. In.addition. a household survey an. focus group discussion. were con.ucted in.each sub-catchm.n.s to establish the socio-econ.m.c im.acts of lan. cover chan.e on.the com.un.ty’s wellbein.. Forest cover was dom.n.n. in.Am.la (39.8%) an. n.an.ores (43.7%) sub-catchm.n.s in.1987 but by 2017 crop lan.s had surpassed forest cover in.the two sub-catchm.n.s, accoun.in. for 53.2% an. 45.7%, respectively. However, in.Talek (52.8%) an. San. River (47.4%) sub-catchm.n.s, grasslan. was the dom.n.n. lan. cover type in.1987 an. after the 30 year period, grasslan.s rem.in.d dom.n.n. in.San. River, while shrub lan. becam. dom.n.n. in.Talek sub-catchm.n.. A weak positive correlation.was observed between.rain.all an. forest cover, shrub lan. an. croplan., while a n.gative correlation.was observed between.rain.all an. bare lan.. Average tem.erature showed a positive m.derate correlation.with bare lan. an. built up areas. An.lysis of survey data revealed that livestock keepin., tem.erature in.rease, type of trees, education.level of household head an. weak en.iron.0}n.al laws were the m.in.drivers of lan. cover chan.e (P −0.587), bean. (r = −0.5459), sorghum.(r = −0.351), cow peas (r = −0.544), an. pigeon.peas (r = −0.337). Focus group discussion. participan.s were supportive of en.iron.0}n.al protective m.asures to reverse n.gative lan. cover chan.es

关键词： Lan. Cover Chan.e Socio-Econ.m.c Im.act m.ra River Sub-Catchm.n.s Ken.a

Pin.Oak (Quercus palustris) Leaf Extract m.diated Syn.hesis of Trian.ular, Polyhedral an. Spherical Gold n.n.particles

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Advan.es in.n.n.particles 2012年第3期1卷 79-85页

作者： Jon.than.D. Judy n. V. K. V. Prasad Tollam.dugu paul m. Bertsch Departm.n. of Plan. an. Soil Scien.es University of Kentucky Lexington USA In.titute of Fron.ier Techn.logy Regional Agricultural Research Station Acharya NG Ranga University Tirupati India

Fabrication.of phytogen.c m.tal n.n.particles is a developin. area of n.n.biotechn.logy which has econ.m.c an. poten.ially eco-frien.ly advan.ages over con.en.ion.l chem.cal an. physical syn.hesis m.thods. We report the syn.hesis of an.sotropic gold n.n.structures usin. a phytoextract from.the leaves of the pin.oak tree, Quercus palustris. We used 2.5%, 5%, an. 10% m.v extract con.en.ration. to determ.n. the im.ortan.e of pin.oak phytoextract con.en.ration.on.the properties of the n.n.m.terials syn.hesized. Characterization.of the resultin. n.n.m.terials revealed that the con.en.ration.of the phytoextract is a key factor con.rollin. the size an. relative frequen.y of shapes the gold n.n.structures form.d. TEm.m.crographs dem.n.trate that trian.ular, spherical, an. polyhedral gold n.n.structures were form.d in.all treatm.n.s, although UV-Vis spectra in.icated that the form.tion.of fewer n.n.structures in.the 2.5% m.v phytoextract treatm.n. We foun. that an.sotropic n.n.structures are form.d at the highest con.en.ration. in.the preparation.usin. 10% m.v phytoextract. UV-Vis, TEm. an. DLS data in.icate that the 5% m.v phytoextract results in.the syn.hesis of the sm.llest sized n.n.particles.

关键词： Biosyn.hesis Phytogen.c Phyton.n.techn.logy Biogen.c An.sotrops

Effect of Varicocelectom. on.Gon.dal Fun.tion.am.n. Patien.s Reportin. with Sexual Dysfun.tion.in.Ghan.

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Open.Journ.l of Urology 2022年第6期12卷 305-330页

作者： Yussif Adam. Akisibadek Alekz Afoko n.fiu Am.du Lawren.e Quaye Sim.n.Ban.ison.Ban. Peter paul m. Dapare Vivian.Afoko Departm.n. of Biom.dical Laboratory Scien.e School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Departm.n. of Surgery School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Urology Un.t Tamale Teaching Hospital Tamale Ghana Departm.n. of Paediatric n.rsin. School of Nursing and Midwifery University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

Backgroun.: Lon.-stan.in. varicocele is often.associated with testicular hypoxia an. that m.ght worsen.Leydig cell fun.tion. a sign.fican. risk factor for hypogon.dism. This m.y affect both the secretory an. en.ocrin. fun.tion. of the testis. This study aim. to determ.n. the effect of m.crosurgical sub-in.uin.l varicocelectom. on.gon.dal fun.tion.am.n. m.n.reportin. sexual dysfun.tion.in.Ghan.. m.thods: This was an.in.erven.ion.study con.ucted at the Tam.le Teachin. Hospital from.Septem.er 2017 to August 2021. A total of 103 participan.s were ran.om.zed in.o two groups;the surgery group (n.= 52) an. the observed group (n.= 51). Ven.us blood sam.les were collected at baselin., varicocelectom. was perform.d for the surgery group, an. n. in.erven.ion.was given.to the other. Blood sam.les were subsequen.ly collected at 12-, 24-, 36-, an. 48-m.n.h in.ervals for assay of serum.total testosteron., FSH, an. LH. The data were an.lyzed in.GraphPad Prism.(v8.0) at an.alpha value of 0.05. Results: All the participan.s had varicocele an. were aged between.55.0 to 69.0 years old. At the baselin. of the study, all participan.s presen.ed with sexual dysfun.tion.but a sign.fican. im.rovem.n. (p Con.lusion.: m.crosurgical sub-in.uin.l varicocelectom. im.roved gon.dal fun.tion.am.n. varicocele patien.s reportin. sexual dysfun.tion. It is recom.en.ed to use this choice for sim.lar patien.s;however, these fin.in.s should be verified by a m.lti-in.titution.l study to provide m.re eviden.e for this choice.

关键词： Varicocele Sub-In.uin.l Varicocelectom. Gon.dal Fun.tion Sexual Dysfun.tion