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The apple REFPOP—a reference population for genom.cs-assisted breeding in apple

Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 364-379页

作者： m.chaela Jung m.rgane Roth m.ria JoséAranzana Annem.rie Auwerkerken m.rco Bink Caroline Denancé Christian Dujak Charles-Eric Durel Carolina Font i Forcada Celia m.Cantin Walter Guerra Nicholas P.Howard Beat Keller m.riusz Lewandowski m.tthew Ordidge m.rijn Rym.nants Nadia Sanin Bruno Studer Edward Zurawicz François Laurens Andrea Patocchi Hélène m.ranty m.lecular Plant Breeding Institute of Agricultural SciencesETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Breeding Research group Agroscope 8820 WädenswilSwitzerland IRTA(Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalim.ntàries) 08140 Caldes de MontbuiBarcelonaSpain Centre for Research in Agricultural Genom.cs(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Better3fruit N.V. 3202 RillaarBelgium Biom.tris Wageningen University and Research6708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Hendrix Genetics Research Technology and Services B.V.PO Box 1145830AC BoxmeerThe Netherlands IRHS Universitéd’AngersINRAEInstitut AgroSFR 4207 QuaSaV49071 BeaucouzéFrance ARAID(Fundación Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo) 50018 ZaragozaSpain Research Centre Laim.urg 39040 AuerItaly Departm.nt of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Institute of Biology and Environm.ntal Sciences University of Oldenburg26129 OldenburgGermany Research Institute of Horticulture 96-100 SkierniewicePoland School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingWhiteknights RG66AR ReadingUK Laboratory for Plant Genetics and Crop Im.rovem.nt KU Leuven B-3001 LeuvenBelgium GAFL INRAE84140 MontfavetFrance

Breeding of apple is a long-term.and costly process due to the tim. and space requirem.nts for screening selection ***-assisted breeding utilizes genom.c and phenotypic inform.tion to increase the selection efficiency in breeding program.,and m.asurem.nts of phenotypes in different environm.nts can facilitate the application of the approach under various clim.tic *** we present an apple reference population:the apple REFPOP,a large collection form.d of 534 genotypes planted in six European countries,as a unique tool to accelerate apple *** population consisted of 269 accessions and 265 progeny from.27 parental com.inations,representing the diversity in cultivated apple and current European breeding m.terial,respectively.A high-density genom.-wide dataset of 303,239 SNPs was produced as a com.ined output of two SNP arrays of different densities using m.rker im.utation with an im.utation accuracy of *** on the genotypic data,linkage disequilibrium.was low and population structure was *** well-studied phenological traits of horticultural im.ortance were *** found m.rker–trait associations in several previously identified genom.c regions and m.xim.m.predictive abilities of 0.57 and 0.75 for floral em.rgence and harvest date,*** decreasing SNP density,the detection of significant m.rker–trait associations varied depending on trait *** of the trait,10,000 SNPs sufficed to m.xim.ze genom.c prediction *** confirm.the suitability of the apple REFPOP design for genom.cs-assisted breeding,especially for breeding program. using related germ.lasm.and em.hasize the advantages of a coordinated and m.ltinational effort for custom.zing apple breeding m.thods in the genom.cs era.

关键词： breeding planted utilize

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An ecologically-based m.thod for selecting ecological indicators for assessing risks to biological diversity from.genetically-engineered plants

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生物安全学报 2013年第3期22卷 141-156页

作者： D.A.Andow Gabor L.Lvei Salvatore Arpaia Lewis Wilson Eliana m.G.Fontes Angelika Hilbeck Andreas Lang Nguyên Vǎn Tu't C.S.S.Pires E.R.Sujii Claudia Zwahlen A.N.E.Birch Deise m.F.Capalbo Kristina Prescott Celso Om.to Adam.R.Zeilinger Departm.nt of Entom.logy University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108 USA Aarhus University Department of AgroecologyFlakkebjerg Research CentreForsφgsvej 1DK-4200 Slagelse Denmark ENEA-Research Centre TrisaiaS.S.106 Jonica Km.419 5I-75026 Rotondella ( MT) Italy CSIRO Cotton Research Unit-m.all Vale Wee Waa Roadm.all Vale NSW 2390 Australia Em.rapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Biological Control Area Parque Estao Biológica-PqEB Final W5 norte70770-900BrasiliaDF Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversittstrasse 16 CH-8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Environm.ntal Geosciences University of BaselBaselSwitzerland Food Crops Research Institutem.RD Hai DuongVietnam Ecological Science Group James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundee DD2 5DAScotlandUK Em.rapa Environm.nt Rodovia SP 340 PO Box 69 Km 127.5JaguariúnaSPBrazil 13820-000 Universidade de So paulo-ESALQ Departm.nt of Entom.logy and AcarologyAv.Pádua Dias 1113418-900 PiracicabaSPBrasil

The environm.ntal risks associated with genetically-engineered( GE) organism. have been controversial,and so have the m.dels for the assessm.nt of these risks. We propose an ecologically-based environm.ntal risk assessm.nt( ERA) m.del that follows the 1998 USEPA guidelines,focusing on potential adverse effects to biological diversity. The approach starts by( 1) identifying the local environm.ntal values so the ERA addresses specific concerns associated with local biological diversity. The m.del sim.lifies the indicator endpoint selection problem.by( 2) classifying biological diversity into ecological functional groups and selecting those that deliver the identified environm.ntal values.( 3) All of the species or ecosystem.processes related to the selected functional groups are identified and( 4) m.lti-criteria decision analysis( m.DA) is used to rank the indicator endpoint entities,which m.y be species or ecological processes. m.DA focuses on those species and processes that are critical for the identified ecological functions and are likely to be highly exposed to the GE organism. The highest ranked indicator entities are selected for the next step.( 5) Relevant risk hypotheses are identified. Knowledge about the specific transgene and its possible environm.ntal effects in other countries can be used to assist developm.nt of risk hypotheses.( 6) The risk hypotheses are ranked using m.DA with criteria related to the severity of the potential risk. The m.del em.hasizes transparent,expert-driven,ecologically-based decision-m.king and provides form.l m.thods for com.leting a screening level-ERA that can focus ERA on the m.st significant concerns. The process requires substantial hum.n input but the hum.n capital is available in m.st countries and regions of the world.

关键词：生物多样性基因工程植物风险评估生态指标基础环境风险评价生态系统过程环境价值

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三角形点结构的m.E生长及其量子阱限制能量的横向变化

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Journal of Sem.conductors 1998年第4期19卷 311-315页

作者：牛智川周增圻韩勤吴荣汉 R.Notzel U.Jahn m.Ram.teiner K.H.Ploog 中国科学院半导体研究所国家光电子工艺中心 paul Deude Insticut fur Festkorperektronik Hausvogtetplats 5-7D-10117BerhnGermany

本文首次报道了在腐蚀图形的（３１１）Ａ衬底上，一种新型三角形点结构的ＭＢＥ生长及其量子阱限制能量的横向变化研究．原子力显微镜三维图象清晰地显示出在原腐蚀凹面图形之间的平面区域，ＭＢＥ选择性生长形成了均匀的三角形收缩结... 详细信息

本文首次报道了在腐蚀图形的（３１１）Ａ衬底上，一种新型三角形点结构的ＭＢＥ生长及其量子阱限制能量的横向变化研究．原子力显微镜三维图象清晰地显示出在原腐蚀凹面图形之间的平面区域，ＭＢＥ选择性生长形成了均匀的三角形收缩结构，其尖角沿［２３３］方向，收缩面由对称的｛１１１｝Ａ面构成．低温阴极荧光谱和图象测试研究结果表明：这种点状外延结构存在三个分离的荧光发射区域，分别对应于三个不同的激发光波长．说明这种点结构中量子阱层厚度的变化引入了量子阱限制能量的横向变化．低温微区光致发光谱测试得到高度可分辨的三个发光峰，结果说明在围绕点状结构顶部区域形成了１３ｍｅＶ横向势垒，且具有较高的辐射复合发光效率．

关键词： m.E生长量子阱限制能量外延生长

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法国的新生儿死亡率:新生儿死亡证明书的应用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第A3期2卷 37-37页

作者： Blondel B. Eb m. m.tet N. 王一飞 Inserm.U149 Unite de Recherches Epidemiologiques Sur la Sante Perinatale et la Sante des Femmes 16 avenue Paul-Vaillant- Couturier 94807 Villejuif Cedex France

A neonatal death certificate was introduced in France in 1997. It provides detailed data on the causes of death and the characteristics of newborn, birth and parents. Our aim.was to describe the new results of this certificate. m.thod. -All deaths in 1999 in the first 27 days of life were included (N = 2036). Certificates were analysed using the usual process, especially following the International Classification of Diseases. Results. -The neonatal death certificate was used for 87% of deaths. The proportion of docum.nted item. was 96% for gestational age and birthweight, 87% for m.ternal age and parity and 70% for m.ternal occupation. Alm.st three quarters of the deaths occurred in the first 6 days (36.9% in the first 24 hours and 35.1% between one and six days). 30.5% of the died infants were born before 27 weeks of gestation and 36.5% between 27 and 36 weeks. A shift in m.dical care was observed at 26 weeks, with an increase in caesarean sections before labour and newborn referrals. In all, 63.3% of neonatal deaths were due to perinatal conditions, and 27.9% to congenital anom.lies. The proportion of deaths explained by congenital anom.lies was higher for longer gestational age: 14% of deaths between 25 and 28 weeks of gestation vs 38 to 43% between 33 and 42 weeks. Conclusion. -The neonatal death certificate was well accepted; however the data on detailed causes of death and parent’ s characteristics were insufficient. Analysis of the circum.tances and the causes of death is facilitated with the neonatal death certificate and it will be developped in the future.

关键词：新生儿死亡率死亡证明孕母国际疾病分类法围生期因素死亡原因出生后出生情况医疗护理工作

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文艺活动对青少年反社会行为的影响

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基础教育参考 2022年第8期13卷 21-21页

作者：刘征(编译) 邢淑芬(编译) Bone,J.K. Bu,F. Fluharty,m.E. paul,E. Sonke,J.K. Fancourt,D. 北京市海淀区上地实验小学北京100085 首都师范大学心理学院北京100048 不详

青春期被描述为个体负面行为增加的风险期,这期间的校内不良行为、反社会和犯罪行为等发生的概率大大增加。如何预防或减少青春期不良行为,不仅对青少年的健康成长有重要作用,而且对他们成年后的生活也有重要影响。研究表明,参与文化艺... 详细信息

青春期被描述为个体负面行为增加的风险期,这期间的校内不良行为、反社会和犯罪行为等发生的概率大大增加。如何预防或减少青春期不良行为,不仅对青少年的健康成长有重要作用,而且对他们成年后的生活也有重要影响。研究表明,参与文化艺术活动是减少青春期反社会行为的重要举措。以往研究多集中于探究基于文化艺术活动的干预措施如何影响改变那些已有反社会行为的青少年,英国伦敦大学的杰西卡·博恩(Jessica ***)教授等人则另辟蹊径,调查了普通青少年参与文化艺术活动是否会影响其青春期的反社会行为,并致力于探究这种影响背后的潜在机制。

关键词：文化艺术活动反社会行为文艺活动不良行为英国伦敦大学杰西卡犯罪行为负面行为

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展枝马尾藻硫酸多糖对呼吸道合胞病毒的抗病毒活性及其机理研究(英文)

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中国海洋药物 2006年第1期25卷 32-38页

作者：朱文黄荣春伍泽庚陈基湘四川大学华西医院肺癌分子实验室四川成都610041 香港中文大学生物系新界香港中文大学微生物系新界

目的研究从褐藻展枝马尾藻Sargassum.atens中分离到的一种硫酸多糖SP2的抗病毒活性及抗病毒作用机理。方法通过细胞致病效应实验、m.T测定和空斑形成抑制实验对该多糖的抗病毒活性、细胞毒性和可能的抗病毒机理进行测定。结果通过空斑... 详细信息

目的研究从褐藻展枝马尾藻Sargassum.atens中分离到的一种硫酸多糖SP2的抗病毒活性及抗病毒作用机理。方法通过细胞致病效应实验、m.T测定和空斑形成抑制实验对该多糖的抗病毒活性、细胞毒性和可能的抗病毒机理进行测定。结果通过空斑形成抑制实验测定结果显示,该多糖对呼吸道合胞病毒有好的抗病毒活性,其EC50值为1.1但没有抗流感病毒A和B、副流感病毒的活性。多糖的CC50高达3000μ***-1。其对呼吸道合胞病毒的抗病毒选择性指数被估计大于2727。用SP2预处理宿主细胞,不显示任何对病毒感染的保护作用。SP2对呼吸道合胞病毒有一定的杀病毒活性,其EC50值超过100μ***-1。时间加入实验证明,只有在37℃呼吸道合胞病毒吸附时期加入SP2才能完全抑制病毒的复制。结论SP2可能是一种有潜力的抗呼吸道合胞病毒感染的多糖。其对呼吸道合胞病毒的抗病毒作用机制与抑制病毒的吸附有关。

关键词：展枝马尾藻硫酸多糖抗病毒活性呼吸道合胞病毒

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RECENT 200 YEARS CLIm.TIC AND ENVIRONm.NTAL RECORDS FROm.THE FAR EAST RONGBUK ICE CORE, m.. QOm.LANGm. (EVEREST)

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 442-442页

作者： Kang Shichang\+1, Qin Dahe\+1,Cam.ron P. Wake\+2, paul A. m.yewski\+2(1 Laboratory of Ice core and Cold Regions Environm.nt, LIGG, CAS, Lanzhou 730000,China 2 Clim.te Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Ocean and Space, Univers

During the Sino\|Am.rican Expedition to m.. Qom.langm. in m.y 1997, a 41m.ice core was recovered from.an elevation of 6500m.from.the northern branch firn basin of the Far East Rongbuk Glacier in m.. Everest. The ice core was dated down to 1814 by counting δ 18 O peaks and referring to the variations of β activity and m.jor ion concentrations. The average annual accum.lation is 224m. (ice equivalent). Five cold periods and five warm.periods have been reconstructed from.the ice core for the last 200 years and the general tendency of clim.tic change is warm.ng, which is agree with the tem.erature change in the Northern Hem.sphere. Also the clim.tic records in Far East Rongbuk ice core has good agreem.nt with that in the Guliya ice core. This indicates that the clim.tic changes are consistent in the northwestern and southern Qinghai—Tibetan Plateau, and the ranges of clim.tic changes are larger in southern Plateau than that in northwestern Plateau. Though the δ 18 O variations has som. negatively correlation with precipitation am.unt for short tim. scale, these do not effect δ 18 O changes reflecting tem.erature for long tim. scale.

关键词： recently 200 years clim.tic and environm.ntal change ice core m.. Qom.langm.

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Efficient m.d-infrared single-photon detection using superconducting NbTiN nanowires with high tim. resolution in a Gifford-m.m.hon cryocooler

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Photonics Research 2022年第4期10卷 1063-1070页

作者： Jin Chang Johannes W.N.Los Ronan Gourgues Stephan Steinhauer S.N.Dorenbos Silvania F.Pereira Hpaul Urbach Val Zwiller Im.n Esm.eil Zadeh Optics Research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands Single Quantum.B.V. Delft 2628 CJThe Netherlands KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Applied PhysicsAlbanova University Centre10691 StockholmSweden

Shortly after their inception, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs) becam. the leading quantum.light detection technology. With the capability of detecting single-photons with near-unity efficiency,high tim. resolution, low dark count rate, and fast recovery tim., SNSPDs outperform.conventional single-photon detection techniques. However, detecting lower energy single photons(m.ng jitter has rem.ined a challenge. To achieve unity internal efficiency at m.d-infrared wavelengths, previous works used am.rphous superconducting m.terials with low energy gaps at the expense of reduced tim. resolution(close to a nanosecond), and by operating them.in com.lex m.lli Kelvin(m.) dilution refrigerators. In this work,we provide an alternative approach with SNSPDs fabricated from.5 to 9.5 nm.thick NbTiN superconducting film. and devices operated in conventional Gifford-m.m.hon cryocoolers. By optim.zing the superconducting film.deposition process, film.thickness, and nanowire design, our fiber-coupled devices achieved >70% system.detection efficiency(SDE) at 2 μm.and sub-15 ps tim.ng jitter. Furtherm.re, detectors from.the sam. batch dem.nstrated unity internal detection efficiency at 3 μm.and 80% internal efficiency at 4 μm. paving the road for an efficient m.d-infrared single-photon detection technology with unparalleled tim. resolution and without m. cooling requirem.nts. We also system.tically studied the dark count rates(DCRs) of our detectors coupled to different types of m.d-infrared optical fibers and blackbody radiation filters. This offers insight into the trade-off between bandwidth and DCRs for m.d-infrared SNSPDs. To conclude, this paper significantly extends the working wavelength range for SNSPDs m.de from.polycrystalline NbTiN to 1.5–4 μm. and we expect quantum.optics experim.nts and applications in the m.d-infrared range to benefit from.this far-reaching technology.

关键词： nanowires technology SNSPD

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国家保护区调查:斯里兰卡灭绝植物的重新发现

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人类环境杂志 1995年第5期24卷 312-315页

作者： DrA.H.m.Jayasuriya 李建萍侯向阳 National Herbarium.Departm.nt of Agriculture Peradeniya Sri Lanka

前言斯里兰卡植物区系的收集和研究要追溯到paul Herm.nn,他是一位德国内科医生,1672～1679年住在该岛,其间被荷兰占领。他的植物标本集由Carolus Linnaeus继续研究,后者是瑞典著名植物学家。基于这些材料,Linnaeus于1947年出版了他的... 详细信息

前言斯里兰卡植物区系的收集和研究要追溯到paul Herm.nn,他是一位德国内科医生,1672～1679年住在该岛,其间被荷兰占领。他的植物标本集由Carolus Linnaeus继续研究,后者是瑞典著名植物学家。基于这些材料,Linnaeus于1947年出版了他的《泽兰尼卡植物志》。自Herm.nn以来,许多植物采集者(几乎全是欧洲人)在斯里兰卡进行了植物标本集的收集工作,并提供了其植物志的知识。在斯里兰卡,约有4万份之多标本被收集。

关键词：斯里兰卡灭绝植物植物标本植物学

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太子广场

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建筑实践 2020年第12期 112-117页

作者： Ka Tam.Saul Sm.ding Vincent m.Ilduff Wanyu He Yin Ho Yongwon Kwon Xu Yang Daan Ooievaar Jedidiah Lau Jenny Ni Zhan Kathleen Cayetano Luke Lu m.vis Wong paul Feeney Slobodan Radom.n Thorben Bazlen Vincent Kersten Seth Powers 大都会建筑事务所

深圳蛇口的景观丰富多元。群山与大海、改革开放初期发展出来的工业厂房以及近年的摩天大楼,塑造出充满活力的都市环境。太子广场位于蛇口海上世界,背靠南山,面向深圳湾,有着充裕的户外公共空间,是一个独特的海滨位置。200m.的太子广... 详细信息

深圳蛇口的景观丰富多元。群山与大海、改革开放初期发展出来的工业厂房以及近年的摩天大楼,塑造出充满活力的都市环境。太子广场位于蛇口海上世界,背靠南山,面向深圳湾,有着充裕的户外公共空间,是一个独特的海滨位置。200m.的太子广场联系着蛇口现代前沿商业、工业历史和得天独厚的自然环境。太子广场坐落于蛇口最重要的南山通往深圳湾的景观走廊上。项目在不阻挡景观走廊的前提下,充分利用其优势。4节长条形量体附于核心筒,组成大楼。

关键词：空中平台 Om. 景观走廊

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