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Evaluation of fall armyworm resistance in maize germplasm lines using visual leaf injury rating and predator survey

Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 541-555页

作者： Xinzhi Ni wenwei Xu Michael H. Blanco w. paul williams USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit University of Georgia-Tifton Tifton GA 31793 Agricultural Research &Extension center Texas A&M University Lubbock TX 79403 USDA-ARS Plant Introduction Research Unit Iowa State UniversityAmes IA 50011 corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit USDA-ARS Mississippi State MS 39762 USA

After examining ear-colonizing pest resistance, 20 maize lines from the USDA- ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize （GEM） Program were evaluated for whorl-feeding fall armyworm （FAw）（Spodopterafrugiperda） resistance using 4 maize inbred lines as the resistant and susceptible controls. Both FAw injury ratings at 7- and 14-d after infestation, and predator abundance and diversity at whorl stage （V6-V8） were recorded in 2009 and 2010. The survey of the diversity and abundance of predators in each experimental plot were conducted 7 d after the FAw infestation. Of the 20 germplasm lines examined, 3 of them （i.e., entries 9, 15, and 19 that were derived from tropical maize germplasm lines were originated from Uruguay, cuba, and Thailand, respectively） were identified as the best FAw-resistant germplasm lines using the leaf injury ratings and predator survey data. In addition, the abundance and diversity of the predators were greater in 2010 than in 2009, which might have caused the low level of the FAw injury ratings on all lines examined in 2010. The 2-year data showed that the FAw injury ratings were negatively correlated to the predator abundance and diversity, which is also influence by genotype × environment interactions. The findings suggested that tropical germplasm is an important source of native resistance to the FAw and the corn earworm. At the same time, the maize genotype x environment interaction （e.g., predator attractiveness, and varying weather conditions） should be included in the multiple-year evaluations of insect and disease resistance of maize germplasm lines under field conditions.

关键词： field screening genotype × environment interactions multiple insect resistance predator abundance and diversity whorl-feeding

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THE RANDOM BATcH METHOD FOR N-BODY QUANTUM DYNAMIcS

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Journal of computational Mathematics 2021年第6期39卷 897-922页

作者： Francois Golse Shi Jin Thierry paul Ecole polytechnique CMLS91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance School of Mathematical Sciences Institute of Natural SciencesMOE-LSCShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sorbonne Universite CNRSUniversite de ParisINRIALaboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions75005 ParisFrance

This paper discusses a numerical method for computing the evolution of large interacting system of quantum *** idea of the random batch method is to replace the total interaction of each particle with the N−1 other particles by the interaction with p≪N particles chosen at random at each time step,multiplied by(N−1)/*** reduces the computational cost of computing the interaction potential per time step from O(N^(2))to O(N).For simplicity,we consider only in this work the case p=1—in other words,we assume that N is even,and that at each time step,the N particles are organized in N/2 pairs,with a random reshuffling of the pairs at the beginning of each time *** obtain a convergence estimate for the wigner transform of the single-particle reduced density matrix of the particle system at time t that is both uniform in N>1 and independent of the Planck constant h̵.The key idea is to use a new type of distance on the set of quantum states that is reminiscent of the wasserstein distance of exponent 1(or Monge-Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance)on the set of Borel probability measures on Rd used in the context of optimal transport.

关键词： Time-dependent Schrodinger equations Random batch method Mean-field limit wasserstein distance

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Basic science and clinical use of eccentric contractions:History and uncertainties

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第3期7卷 265-274页

作者： Kiisa c.Nishikawa Stan L.Lindstedt paul c.LaStayo center for Bioengineering Innovation and Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training University of Utah

The peculiar attributes of muscles that are stretched when active have been noted for nearly a ***,the focus of muscle physiology has been primarily on shortening and isometric contractions,as eloquently revealed by *** and subsequently by his *** the sliding filament theory was introduced by *** and ***,it was a relatively simple task to link Hill's mechanical observations to the actions of the cross bridges during these shortening and isometric *** contrast,lengthening or eccentric contractions have remained somewhat *** as necessarily causing muscle damage,eccentric contractions have been much more difficult to fit into the cross-bridge *** relatively recent discovery of the giant elastic sarcomeric filament titin has thrust a previously missing element into any discussion of muscle function,in particular during active ***,the unexpected contribution of giant elastic proteins to muscle contractile function is highlighted by recent discoveries that twitchin-actin interactions are responsible for the"catch"property of invertebrate *** this review,we examine several current theories that have been proposed to account for the properties of muscle during eccentric *** ask how well each of these explains existing data and how an elastic filament can be incorporated into the sliding filament ***,we review the increasing body of evidence for the benefits of including eccentric contractions into a program of muscle rehabilitation and strengthening.

关键词： Exercise Force enhancement Muscle mechanics Rehabilitation Titin/connectin

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wash water in waterworks:contaminants and process options for reclamation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第11期20卷 1300-1305页

作者： c B chidambara Raj Tan Ee Kwong Soh Hoo Tiong paul Stefan Klose centre for Advanced water Technology Singapore Utilities International Pte Ltd.82 Toh Guan Road East # C4-03Singapore 608575 Public Utilities Board Water Supply (Plants) Department40 Scotts Road #14-00Singapore 228231

Reclamation of clean water from filter backwash water was studied through pilot-scale *** pilot plant consisted of clarification,sand-filtration,and ultrafiltration modules in sequence,with a provision to bypass the sand *** water that conformed to world Health Organization (wHO) guidelines on Potable Quality was ***,aluminum and iron were found to be critical contaminants in process selection and ***,followed by sand filtration,was found to be the minim...

关键词： filter backwash clarification water treatment aluminium Giardia

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Robot-assisted minimally invasive procedures for complicated biliary stone disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 185-188页

作者： Kit Fai lee Andrew K. Y. Fung Hon Ting Lok Anthony K. w. Fong charing c. N. chong paul B. S. Lai Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction A big advancement in endoscopic management for biliary stone diseases was seen in the past three decades. Bile duct stones can be removed after sphincterotomy or balloon sphincteroplasty with stone basket... 详细信息

关键词： balloon biliary diseases

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Investigation of thermochemical process of coal particle packed bed reactions for the development of UcG

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2020年第3期7卷 476-492页

作者： Tata Sutardi Linwei wang Nader Karimi Manosh c.paul Systems Power and Energy Research DivisionJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology(BPPT) JakartaRepublic of Indonesia centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technologies(cREST) Wolfson School of MechanicalElectrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireLE113TUUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon1E 4NSUK

In this study,a packed bed reactor was developed to investigate the gasification process of coal *** effects of coal particle size and heater temperature of reactor were examined to identify the thermochemical processes through the packed *** different coal samples with varying size,named as A,B,and c,are used,and the experimental results show that the packed bed with smaller coal size has higher temperature,reaching 624°c,582°c,and 569°c for coal A,B,and c,*** the case of cO formation,the smaller particle size has greater products in the unit of mole fraction over the area of ***,the variation in the porosity of the packed bed due to different coal particle sizes affects the reactions through the oxygen ***,the cO formation is least from the coal packed bed formed by the smallest particle size A.A second test with the temperature variations shows that the higher heater temperature promotes the chemical reactions,resulting in the increased gas *** findings indicate the important role of coal seam porosity in underground coal gasification application,as well as temperature to promote the syngas productions.

关键词： Thermochemical process Particle packed bed coal particle gasification Gas products Underground coal gasification(UcG)

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“Autoinflammatory psoriasis”-genetics and biology of pustular psoriasis

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 307-317页

作者： Ranjitha Uppala Lam c.Tsoi paul w.Harms Bo wang Allison c.Billi Emanual Maverakis J.Michelle Kahlenberg Nicole L.ward Johann E.Gudjonsson Graduate Program in Immunology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA A.Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute Ann ArborMIUSA Departments of Nutrition and Dermatology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that has a fairly wide range of clinical *** psoriasis,which is the most common manifestation of psoriasis,is located on one end of the spectrum,dominated by adaptive immune responses,whereas the rarer pustular psoriasis lies on the opposite end,dominated by innate and autoinflammatory immune *** recent years,genetic studies have identified six genetic variants that predispose to pustular psoriasis,and these have highlighted the role of IL-36 cytokines as central to pustular psoriasis *** this review,we discuss the presentation and clinical subtypes of pustular psoriasis,contribution of genetic predisposing variants,critical role of the IL-36 family of cytokines in disease pathophysiology,and treatment perspectives for pustular *** further outline the application of appropriate mouse models for the study of pustular psoriasis and address the outstanding questions and issues related to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in pustular psoriasis.

关键词： Pustular psoriasis Genetics IL-36 Autoinflammation clinical features Histology

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Rapid, continuous projection multi-photon 3D printing enabled by spatiotemporal focusing of femtosecond pulses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1987-1997页

作者： paul Somers Zihao Liang Jason E.Johnson Bryan w.Boudouris Liang Pan Xianfan Xu School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA charles D.Davidson School of chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

There is demand for scaling up 3D printing throughput,especially for the multi-photon 3D printing process that provides sub-micrometer structuring capabilities required in diverse *** this work,high-speed projection multiphoton printing is combined with spatiotemporal focusing for fabrication of 3D structures in a rapid,layer-by-layer,and continuous *** focusing confines printing to thin layers,thereby achieving print thicknesses on the micron and sub-micron *** projection of dynamically varying patterns with no pause between patterns,a continuous fabrication process is established.A numerical model for computing spatiotemporal focusing and imaging is also presented which is verified by optical imaging and printing *** 3D structures with smooth features are fabricated,with millimeter scale printing realized at a rate above 10−3 mm3 s−*** method is further scalable,indicating its potential to make fabrications of 3D structures with micro/nanoscale features in a practical time scale a reality.

关键词： projection continuous thereby

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pH-Responsive Theranostic colloidosome Drug carriers Enable Real-Time Imaging of Targeted Thrombolytic Process with Near-Infrared-II for Deep Venous Thrombosis

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 17-33页

作者： Yaxin Ye Zhechang chen Shengzhang Zhang paul Slezak Fei Lu Ruiqi Xie Dongwon lee Guangqian Lan Enling Hu State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects College of SericultureTextile and Biomass SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of cardiovascular Medicine Yueqing People's Hospital.Wenzhou 325699China Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology AUVA Research Center1200 ViennaAustria Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering and Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuChonbuk 54896Republic of Korea School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Thrombosis can cause life-threatening disorders. Unfortunately, current therapeutic methods for thrombosis using injecting thrombolytic medicines systemically resulted in unexpected bleeding complications. Moreover, the absence of practical imaging tools for thrombi raised dangers of undertreatment and overtreatment. This study develops a theranostic drug carrier, Pkr(IR-ca/Pda-uPA)-cRGD, that enables real-time monitoring of the targeted thrombolytic process of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Pkr(IR-ca/Pda-uPA)-cRGD, which is prepared from a Pickering-emulsion-like system, encapsulates both near-infrared-II (NIR-II) contrast agent (IR-1048 dye, loading capacity: 28%) and urokinase plasminogen activators (uPAs, encapsulation efficiency: 89%), pioneering the loading of multiple drugs with contrasting hydrophilicity into one single-drug carrier. Upon intravenous injection, Pkr(IR-ca/Pda-uPA)-cRGD considerably targets to thrombi selectively (targeting rate: 91%) and disintegrates in response to acidic thrombi to release IR-1048 dye and uPA for imaging and thrombolysis, respectively. Investigations indicate that Pkr(IR-ca/Pda-uPA)-cRGD enabled real-time visualization of targeted thrombolysis using NIR-II imaging in DVT models, in which thrombi were eliminated (120 min after drug injection) without bleeding complications. This may be the first study using convenient NIR-II imaging for real-time visualization of targeted thrombolysis. It represents the precision medicine that enables rapid response to acquire instantaneous medical images and make necessary real-time adjustments to diagnostic and therapeutic protocols during treatment.

关键词： Infrared enable eliminated

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Gastroenterology training in a resource-limited setting: Zambia, Southern Africa

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第25期19卷 3996-4000页

作者： Akwi w Asombang Eleanor Turner-Moss Anil Seetharam paul Kelly Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine St. Louis Barts and the London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London Banner Health Liver center

AIM: To evaluate need for and efficacy of a structured gastroenterology didactic session in expanding awareness and understanding of digestive disorders. METHODS: A four-day symposium was developed with didactic sessions (days 1, 2) and practical endoscopy (days 3, 4). Didactic sessions included case presentations highlighting pathophysiology and management. One nurse and four practicing gastroenterologists from the United Kingdom led lectures and supervised work-shops with audience participation. Practical endoscopy focused on diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and their application to diagnosis and treatment of ailments of the gastrointestinal tract. Preand post-workshop questionnaires were distributed to participants during didactic sessions. A pre-workshop questionnaire gauged expectations and identified objectives to be met at thesymposium. Post-workshop questionnaires were administered to assess efficacy of each session. Participants graded sessions from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent) on quality of case presentations, knowledge, clarity and mode of presentation. we assessed if time allotted to each topic was sufficient, value of sessions, impact on practice and interest in future symposiums. RESULTS: There were 46 attendees on day 1: 41% undergraduates, 41% residents, 11% consultants and 4% unspecified. Day 2 (a Saturday) had 24 participants: 17% undergraduates, 71% residents, 9% consultants, 4% unspecified. Primary pre-workshop symposium expectation was to gain knowledge in: general gastroenterology (55.5%), practical endoscopy (13.8%), pediatric gastroenterology (5%), epidemiology of gastrointestinal disorders specific to Zambia (6%), and interaction with international speakers (6%). The post-symposium questionnaire was answered by 19 participants, of whom 95% felt specific aims were met; all would attend future conferences and recommend to others. cONcLUSION: The beneficial effect of a structured symposium in developing countries warrants further attention as

关键词： Gastroenterology training Resource-limited country Zambia Specialist training Postgraduate training Hepatology

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