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Portal vein thrombosis, mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis

World journal of Hepatology 2015年第27期7卷 2774-2780页

作者： jonathan G Stine Puja M Shah Scott L Cornella Sean R Rudnick Marwan S Ghabril George j Stukenborg patrick G Northup Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Virginia Department of Surgery University of Virginia Department of Medicine University of Virginia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University Department of Public Health Science University of Virginia

AIM: To determine the clinical impact of portal vein thrombosis in terms of both mortality and hepatic decompensations(variceal hemorrhage, ascites, portosystemic encephalopathy) in adult patients with ***: We identified original articles reported through February 2015 in MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Citation Index, AMED, the Cochrane Library, and relevant examples available in the grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened all citations for inclusion criteria and extracted summary data. Random effects odds ratios were calculated to obtain aggregate estimates of effect size across included studies, with 95%***: A total of 226 citations were identified and reviewed, and 3 studies with 2436 participants were included in the meta-analysis of summary effect. Patients with portal vein thrombosis had an increased risk of mortality(OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.11-2.36, P = 0.01). Portal vein thrombosis was associated with an increased risk of ascites(OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.63-3.89, P < 0.001). There was insufficient data available to determine the pooled effect on other markers of decompensation including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Portal vein thrombosis appears to increase mortality and ascites, however, the relatively small number of included studies limits more generalizable conclusions. More trials with a direct comparison group are needed.

关键词： Hepatology Coagulopathy Liver Ascites Hepatic ence

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On-chip beam rotators,adiabatic mode converters,and waveplates through low-loss waveguides with variable cross-sections

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1876-1890页

作者： Bangshan Sun Fyodor Morozko patrick S.Salter Simon Moser Zhikai Pong Raj B.Patel Ian A.Walmsley Mohan Wang Adir Hazan Nicolas Barré Alexander jesacher julian Fells Chao He Aviad Katiyi Zhen-Nan Tian Alina Karabchevsky Martin j.Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13PJUK School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevP.O.B.653Beer-Sheva8410501Israel Institute of Biomedical Physics Medical University of InnsbruckMüllerstraße 446020InnsbruckAustria Ultrafast Quantum Optics group Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK Department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUK Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Straße 691052ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Photonics integrated circuitry would benefit considerably from the ability to arbitrarily control waveguide cross-sections with high precision and low loss,in order to provide more degrees of freedom in manipulating propagating ***,we report a new method for femtosecond laser writing of optical-fiber-compatible glass waveguides,namely spherical phase-induced multicore waveguide(SPIM-WG),which addresses this challenging task with three-dimensional on-chip light *** in the heating regime with high scanning speed,precise deformation of cross-sections is still achievable along the waveguide,with shapes and sizes finely controllable of high resolution in both horizontal and vertical transversal *** observed that these waveguides have high refractive index contrast of 0.017,low propagation loss of 0.14 dB/cm,and very low coupling loss of 0.19 dB coupled from a single-mode ***-WG devices were easily fabricated that were able to perform on-chip beam rotation through varying angles,or manipulate the polarization state of propagating light for target *** also demonstrated SPIM-WG mode converters that provide arbitrary adiabatic mode conversion with high efficiency between symmetric and asymmetric nonuniform modes;examples include circular,elliptical modes,and asymmetric modes from ppKTP(periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate)waveguides which are generally applied in frequency conversion and quantum light *** inside optical glass,these waveguides and devices have the capability to operate across ultra-broad bands from visible to infrared *** compatibility with optical fiber also paves the way toward packaged photonic integrated circuitry,which usually needs input and output fiber connections.

关键词： waveguide waveguides polarization

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Patterns of genomic and phenomic diversity in wine and table grapes

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 181-191页

作者： ZoëMigicovsky jason Sawler Kyle M Gardner Mallikarjuna K Aradhya Bernard H Prins Heidi R Schwaninger Carlos D Bustamante Edward S Buckler Gan-Yuan Zhong patrick j Brown Sean Myles Department of Plant Food and Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroB2N 5E3NSCanada Anandia Labs VancouverV6T 1Z4BCCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development CentreFrederictonE3B 4Z7NBCanada United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Clonal Germplasm RepositoryUniversity of CaliforniaDavis95616CAUSA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceGrape Genetics Research UnitNew York State Agricultural Experiment StationCornell UniversityGeneva14456NYUSA Department of Genetics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServicePlant Genetic Resources UnitNew York State Agricultural Experiment StationCornell UniversityGeneva14456NYUSA Department of Crop Science University of IllinoisUrbana61801ILUSA

Grapes are one of the most economically and culturally important crops worldwide,and they have been bred for both winemaking and fresh *** we evaluate patterns of diversity across 33 phenotypes collected over a 17-year period from 580 table and wine grape accessions that belong to one of the world’s largest grape gene banks,the grape germplasm collection of the United States Department of *** find that phenological events throughout the growing season are correlated,and quantify the marked difference in size between table and wine *** pairing publicly available historical phenotype data with genome-wide polymorphism data,we identify large effect loci controlling traits that have been targeted during domestication and breeding,including hermaphroditism,lighter skin pigmentation and muscat *** for larger berries in table grapes was traditionally concentrated in geographic regions where Islam predominates and alcohol was prohibited,whereas wine grapes retained the ancestral smaller size that is more desirable for winemaking in predominantly Christian *** uncover a novel locus with a suggestive association with berry size that harbors a signature of positive selection for larger *** results suggest that religious rules concerning alcohol consumption have had a marked impact on patterns of phenomic and genomic diversity in grapes.

关键词： harbor religious crops

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<i>Helicobacter</i>infection decreases basal colon inflammation, but increases disease activity in experimental IBD

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Open journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期3卷 177-189页

作者： Christopher P. Monceaux Traci L. Testerman Moheb Boktor Paul jordan patrick Adegboyega David j. McGee Merilyn H. jennings Courtney P. Parker Shelly Gupta Ping Yi Vijay C. Ganta Haidy Galous Kenneth Manas j. Steven Alexander Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Pathology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

Background: Helicobacter species are best known for their roles in the pathology of gastritis;however, several Helicobacter species also colonize the intestine, and less is known about effects of Helicobacter on the development of intestinal inflammation. To evaluate contributions of Helicobacter in inflammatory bowel disease, we investigated whether and how pre-existing intestinal colonization would affect disease severity and biomarkers of inflammation in experimental IBD. Materials and Methods: Mice were infected with H. muridarum 2 weeks prior to induction of colitis mediated by 3% dextran sulfate (DSS). Disease activity index, stool blood and consistency, colon length, myeloperoxidase, histopathology, blood and lymphatic vessels, and numbers of dilated mucosal crypts were measured in control, DSS-only, H. muridarum-infected, and H. muridarum-infected + DSS mice. Results: Prior to DSS challenge, H. muridarum-infected mice showed little distal gut injury by several indices of colon inflammation with decreased blood vessel density in the submucosa, and lower lymphatic density in the mucosa and submucosa. However, after DSS colitis, H. muridarum-infected mice exhibited significantly greater disease. Weight change, stool bleeding, diarrhea, and angiogenesis were all increased in H. muridarum-infected mice in DSS colitis compared to DSS controls. Conclusions: Our data show that Helicobacter colonization of the intestine, unlike that of the stomach, lowers basal gut inflammatory scores, but increases disease activity and inflammation in an acute colitis model. Intestinal Helicobacter infection may therefore represent a significant sub-clinical factor which predisposes the gut to inflammatory injury.

关键词： Helicobacter Colon Lymphatics Crohn’s Disease Ulcerative Colitis

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Anterograde and Retrograde Regulation of Nuclear Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Proteins during Growth, Development, and Stress

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1075-1093页

作者： Sophia Ng Inge De Clercqc Olivier Van Akena Simon R. Lawd Aneta Ivanovad patrick Willems Estelle Giraud Frank Van Breusegem j.mes Wheland ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Australia joint Research Laboratory in Genomics and Nutriomics College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 RR. China Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 927 B-9052 Gent Belgium Department of Botany ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology School of Life Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3086Victoria Australia Department of Medical Protein Research and Department of Biochemistry 9000 Ghent Belgium Present address: Illumina ANZ 1 International Court Scoresby Victoria 3179 Australia

Mitochondrial biogenesis and function in plants require the expression of over 1000 nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins （NGEMPs）. The expression of these genes is regulated by tissue-specific, developmental, internal, and external stimuli that result in a dynamic organelle involved in both metabolic and a variety of signaling processes. Although the metabolic and biosynthetic machinery of mitochondria is relatively well understood, the factors that regu- late these processes and the various signaling pathways involved are only beginning to be identified at a molecular level. The molecular components of anterograde （nuclear to mitochondrial） and retrograde （mitochondrial to nuclear） signaling pathways that regulate the expression of NGEMPs interact with chloroplast-, growth-, and stress-signaling pathways in the cell at a variety of levels, with common components involved in transmission and execution of these signals. This positions mitochondria as important hubs for signaling in the cell, not only in direct signaling of mitochondrial function per se, but also in sensing and/or integrating a variety of other internal and external signals. This integrates and optimizes growth with energy metabolism and stress responses, which is required in both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic cells.

关键词： mitochondria mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) organellar crosstalk signaling.

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Liver X receptors and epididymal epithelium physiology

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Asian journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 574-582页

作者： Fabrice Saez Eléore Chabory Rémi Cadet patrick Vernet Silvère Baron2 jean-Marc A. Lobaccaro joeol R. Drevet Laboratoire Epididyme et Maturation des Gamètes and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d＇Auvergne Université Blaise Pascal CNRS UMR 6547 Aubiere Cedex 63177 France Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et d＇Endocrinologie Moléculaire and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d＇Auvergne Université Blaise Pascal CNRS UMR 6547 Aubiere Cedex 63177 France

Aim： To investigate the roles of liver X receptors （LXR） in the lipid composition and gene expression regulation in the murine caput epididymidis. LXR are nuclear receptors for oxysterols, molecules derived from cholesterol metabolism that are present in mammals as two isoforms： LXRα, which is more specifically expressed in lipid-metabolising tissues, such as liver, adipose and steroidogenic tissues, and macrophages, whereas LXRβ is ubiquitous. Their importance in reproductive physiology has been sustained by the fact that male mice in which the function of both LXR has been disrupted have fertility disturbances starting at the age of 5 months, leading to complete sterility by the age of 9 months. These defects are associated with epididymal epithelial degeneration in caput segments one and two, and with a sperm midpiece fragility, leading to the presence of isolated sperm heads and flagella when luminal contents are recovered from the cauda epididymidis. Methods： The lipid composition of the caput epididymidis of wild-type and LXR-deficient mice was assessed using oil red O staining on tissue cryosections and lipid extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography or gas chromatography. Gene expression was checked by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Results： Using LXR-deficient mice, we showed an alteration of the lipid composition of the caput epididymidis as well as a significantly decreased expression of the genes encoding SREBPlc, SCD1 and SCD2, involved in fatty acid metabolism. Conclusion： Altogether, these results show that LXR are important regulators of epididymal function, and play a critical role in the lipid maturation processes occurring during sperm epididymal maturation. （Asian j Androl 2007 july; 9： 574-582）

关键词： epididymis liver X receptors nuclear receptors lipids cholesterol gene expression

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Inborn and acquired metabolic defects in cancer

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世界最新医学信息文摘 2015年第5期 6-6页

作者： Christian Frezza patrick j Pollard Eyal Gottlieb

The observation that altered metabolism is the fundamental cause of cancer was made by Otto Warburg nearly a century ago. However, the subsequent identification of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes has displaced Warburg's theory pointing towards genetic aberrations as the underlining cause of cancer. Nevertheless, in the last decade, cancer-associated mutations have been identified in genes coding for tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA cycle, also known as Krebs cycle) and closely related enzymes that have essential roles in cellular metabolism. These observations have revived interest in Warburg's hypothesis and prompted a flurry of functional studies in the hope of gaining mechanistic insight into the links between mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic alterations, and cancer. In this review, we discuss the potential pro-oncogenic signaling role of some TCA cycle metabolites and their derivatives(oncometabolites). In particular, we focus on their effects on dioxygenases, a family of oxygen and-ketoglutaratedependent enzymes that control, among other things, the levels and activity of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and the activity of DNA and histone demethylases.

关键词： Cancer Metabolism Mutation Succinate dehydrogenase Fumarate hydratase Isocitrate dehydrogenase

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The landscape epidemiology of echinococcoses

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 107-119页

作者： Angela M.Cadavid Restrepo Yu Rong Yang Donald P.McManus Darren j.Gray patrick Giraudoux Tamsin S.Barnes Gail M.Williams Ricardo j.Soares Magalhães Nicholas A.S.Hamm Archie C.A.Clements Research School of Population Health The Australian National UniversityCanberraNew South WalesAustralia Ningxia Medical University YinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionP.R.China Molecular Parasitology Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Chrono-environment lab UMR6249University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRSBesançonFrance Institut Universitaire de France ParisFrance The University of Queensland School of Veterinary ScienceGattonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationGattonQueenslandAustralia School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Child Health Research Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands

Echinococcoses are parasitic diseases of major public health importance *** infection results in chronic disease with poor prognosis and serious medical,social and economic consequences for vulnerable *** to recent estimates,the geographical distribution of Echinococcus *** is expanding and becoming an emerging and re-emerging problem in several regions of the *** endemicity is geographically heterogeneous and over time it may be affected by global environmental ***,landscape epidemiology offers a unique opportunity to quantify and predict the ecological risk of infection at multiple spatial and temporal ***,we review the most relevant environmental sources of spatial variation in human echinococcosis risk,and describe the potential applications of landscape epidemiological studies to characterise the current patterns of parasite transmission across natural and human-altered *** advocate future work promoting the use of this approach as a support tool for decision-making that facilitates the design,implementation and monitoring of spatially targeted interventions to reduce the burden of human echinococcoses in disease-endemic areas.

关键词： Landscape epidemiology Helminth infection Human echinococcosis Echinococcus spp Environmental change Geographic information systems Remote sensing Geostatistics

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Rationale of Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study on Clinical Effectiveness of Oral Combination Therapy Based on Secnidazole, Azithromycin and Fluconazole in Syndromic Treatment of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge in Kinshasa/DR Congo

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Open journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第11期13卷 1807-1815页

作者： Muela Andy Mbangama Feruzi Michel Mangala Di-Mosi-Nkoyi Roger Wumba Ambis joelle Lumaya Nkongolo Freddy Muamba Mubalamata Eugene-patrick Lukusa Nkashama Bienvenu Kazadi Ndombasi Nelda Lemba Banza jésual Lotoy Oteme Christian Ndesanzim Mwimba Roger Mbungu Departement of Obstétrics and Gynecology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Departement of Tropical Medecine University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo

Background: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common troubles faced by childbearing age women. About 20% - 25% of women who visit service of gynecology complain of vaginal discharge and leucorrhoea. Management of vaginal discharge in low-income countries generally depends on syndromic approach, which limits the understanding of specific responsible agents. Thus targeted management is based on the identification of causal organism and targeting of therapy against it, while syndromic management is based on presence of high risk factors. Thus the oral combination kit (Azimyn FS Kit®) offers convenience of a one-day treatment compared to other multidose treatments, which will also ensure high patient adherence to treatment, thus increasing chances of desired results. Due to its widespread use, it is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of this oral association kit therapy in management of vaginal discharge in the population of our milieu in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) particularly those received in outpatient consultation in some medical facilities in city of Kinshasa. Expensive laboratory tests and the associated waiting period for result mean that patient remains without treatment while waiting for test results. Therefore, by adopting a syndromic management approach, patient’s eligibility for treatment will be decided based on abnormal vaginal discharge, their characteristics, severity and other presentations symptomatic. This approach will also avoid losing sight of patients during follow-up and will help to reduce financial burden for patients. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of oral combination kit therapy containing secnidazole, azithromycin and fluconazole (Azimyn FS Kit®) in syndromic treatment of abnormal vaginal discharge in patients received in outpatient consultation in some medical facilities in the city of Kinshasa;to measure rate of recurrence of abnormal vaginal discharge in these patients. And to identify the adverse eff

关键词： Combination Therapy Syndromic Treatment Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

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多米尼加共和国高海拔新热带山地森林的林火与植被动态

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2008年第7期37卷 466-471页

作者： Ruth E.Sherman patrick H.Martin Timothy j.Fahey Steve D. Degloria 梁虹康奈尔大学自然资源系康奈尔大学作物栽培与土壤学系

2005年3～4月,多米尼加共和国中央山脉幅员1000 km^2的热带山地森林曾发生严重火灾。林火范围涵盖了我们在1999年建立的永久植被样地网络,这一网络设立的目的是检测森林环境、植被与干扰的相互作用。我们采用快鸟(QuickBird)卫星影像和... 详细信息

2005年3～4月,多米尼加共和国中央山脉幅员1000 km^2的热带山地森林曾发生严重火灾。林火范围涵盖了我们在1999年建立的永久植被样地网络,这一网络设立的目的是检测森林环境、植被与干扰的相互作用。我们采用快鸟(QuickBird)卫星影像和野外调查绘制了景观区域内的林火程度和等级图示。96%的松林发生火灾,但在沿大部分群落交错区边界的松林-云林中被迅速扑灭。地形因素和林火等级对群落交错区的林火特征无显著影响。该结果验证了我们之前的假设,即林火是构成这一山区松林和云林之间不连续边界的主要因素。植被结构和组成对景观内林火特征与蔓延的调节具有直接作用。

关键词：林火特征植被动态山地森林多米尼加共和国热带高海拔不连续边界

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