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Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Blood donors: A Retrospective Study in the Kintampo Municipal Hospital, Ghana

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 64-69页

作者： williams Walana patrick Hokey Samuel Ahiaba department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences School of Medicine and Health Sciences (SMHS) University for Development Studies (UDS) Tamale Ghana department of Medical Laboratory Technology College of Health and Well-BeingKintampo Ghana Kintampo Municipal Hospital Kintampo Ghana

Background: Hepatitis B virus is one of the transfusion transmission infectious agents of public health relevance. Its prevalence varies across the globe. Establishing the sero-prevalence of the disease is critical to informing the direction of preventive and control strategies. Objective: The aim of this study therefore was to establish the hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence among blood donors in the Kintampo municipality of Ghana. Methodology: This three-year hospital based retrospective study was conducted at the laboratory unit of the Kintampo Municipal Hospital. The laboratory uses one step immunochromatographic test kits to detect the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen in the sera of blood donors. Records on blood donors were reviewed for hepatitis B sero-positivity. Results: A total of 3402 blood donors were studied, out of which 3238 (95.2%) were males and 164 (4.8%) were females. The overall sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen was 9.6% (327/3402). Majority of the sero-positive donors were less than 40 years, with higher prevalence of 16.4% (35/214) in donors less than 20 years. The sero-prevalence in males and females was 9.7% (313/3238) and 8.5% (14/164) respectively. Conclusion: The Kintampo municipality has a relatively high prevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors. The probability of hepatitis B viral infection was age inclined as the youth seem to be at greater risk of contracting the disease.

关键词： Hepatitis Blood Sero-Prevalence

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中国北回归线附近岛屿及沿海初夏鸟类报告

动物分类学报 2008年第1期33卷 217-222页

作者：孙泽伟 Richard W.Lewthwaite 余日东李国诚 Michael R.Leven Martin d.williams Kerry Sherred James Lazell 卢文华广东汕头大学海洋生物研究所广东515063 香港观鸟会香港嘉道理农场暨植物园香港亚洲生态环境顾问有限公司香港亚洲生态旅游第一站澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士野外鸟类学家协会美国罗德岛州生物保护所

于2001年6月8日至19日对位于北回归线附近的粤闽沿海岛屿及沿海湿地(东迄福建省南部的东山岛,西至广东省东部汕头地区的牛田洋湿地和南澳及其附近诸岛)进行鸟类调查,后又于2004年6月做了补充调查。共记录到鸟类77种,其中海岛鸟11种,湿地... 详细信息

于2001年6月8日至19日对位于北回归线附近的粤闽沿海岛屿及沿海湿地(东迄福建省南部的东山岛,西至广东省东部汕头地区的牛田洋湿地和南澳及其附近诸岛)进行鸟类调查,后又于2004年6月做了补充调查。共记录到鸟类77种,其中海岛鸟11种,湿地鸟25种,陆地鸟41种,包括国家一、二级保护种类分别为白腹军舰鸟Fregata andrewsi和岩鹭Egretta sacra。观察新增了10种以往未曾在该地区记录到的鸟类,首次记录到岩鹭在南澳及其附近诸岛的繁殖,再次印证了粉红燕鸥Sterna dougallii、黑枕燕鸥Sterna sumatrana、褐翅燕鸥Sterna anaethetus和黑叉尾海燕Oceanodro mamonorhis在该地区的繁殖记录。通过对比该地区一个多世纪以来鸟类记录(包括繁殖记录)的差异,探讨该地区鸟类区系的演替过程。

关键词：鸟类北回归线岛屿沿海湿地牛田洋南澳岛东山岛

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移苗日期对核桃定植苗质量的影响

湖南林业科技 1987年第2期 50-53页

作者： W·J·Rietueld Robert d.williams 罗金陵

现在,越来越多的森林苗圃工作者在秋季移起核桃定植苗,在冷藏室里过冬,以代替过去在春季移苗。秋季移苗有几个优点:1.土壤条件常更有利。2.能够把工作任务分散安排在一个较长训练的受雇者。3.能够更早地,更精确地储存可经营管理效率与... 详细信息

现在,越来越多的森林苗圃工作者在秋季移起核桃定植苗,在冷藏室里过冬,以代替过去在春季移苗。秋季移苗有几个优点:1.土壤条件常更有利。2.能够把工作任务分散安排在一个较长训练的受雇者。3.能够更早地,更精确地储存可经营管理效率与灵活性得到改善。秋季移苗的趋势,使我们有必要型清楚秋季移苗和贮藏过冬怎样影响苗木的生理活动,而获得高质量的定植苗。

关键词：苗木贮藏生理性状定植苗核桃胡桃定植时间

Low-cost,simple,and scalable self-assembly of dNA origami nanostructures

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1207-1215页

作者： patrick d.Halley Randy A.Patton Amjad Chowdhury John C.Byrd Carlos E.Castro department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicineand OSU Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Biophysics Graduate Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

despite demonstrating exciting potential for applications such as drug delivery and biosensing,the development of nanodevices for practical applications and broader use in research and education are still hindered by the time,effort,and cost associated with dNA origami *** and robust methods to perform and scale the dNA origami self-assembly process are critical to facilitate broader use and translation to industrial or clinical *** report a simple approach to fold dNA origami nanostructures that is fast,robust,and *** demonstrate fabrication at scales approximately 100-1,500-fold higher than typical *** further demonstrate an approach we termed low-cost efficient annealing (LEAN) self-assembly involving initial heating at 65 ℃ for 10 min,then annealing at 51 ℃ for 2 h,followed by brief quenching at 4 ℃ that leads to effective assembly of a range of dNA origami structures *** contrast to other methods for scaling dNA origami assembly,this approach can be carried out using cheap and widely available equipment (e.g.,hot plates,water baths,and laboratory burners) and uses standard recipes and materials so is readily applied to any existing or new dNA origami *** envision these methods can facilitate device development for commercial applications and facilitate broader use of dNA origami in research and education.

关键词： dNA origami dNA nanotechnology self assembly scalable nanofabrication low cost fabrication nanotechnology education

High prevalence of epilepsy in two rural onchocerciasis endemic villages in the Mahenge area,Tanzania,after 20 years of community directed treatment with ivermectin

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 622-634页

作者： Bruno P.Mmbando patrick Suykerbuyk Mohamed Mnacho Advocatus Kakorozya William Matuja Adam Hendy Helena Greter williams H.Makunde Robert Colebunders National Institute for Medical Research Tanga Research CentreTangaTanzania Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es SalaamTanzania Enhance Tanzania Foundation Dar es SalaamTanzania Muhimbili University of Health and allied Sciences Dar es SalaamTanzania University of Texas Medical Branch GalvestonTXUSA

Background:Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with a multitude of underlying causes,which may include infection with Onchocerca volvulus,the parasitic worm that causes human onchocerciasis.A survey carried out in 1989 revealed a high prevalence of epilepsy(1.02%overall,ranging from 0.51 to 3.71%in ten villages)in the Mahenge area of Ulanga district,an onchocerciasis endemic region in south eastern *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy following 20 years of onchocerciasis control through annual community directed treatment with ivermectin(CdTI).Methods:The study was conducted in January 2017 in two suburban and two rural villages in the Mahenge ***-todoor household visits were carried out by trained community health workers and data assistants to screen for persons suspected of having epilepsy,using a standardised *** with suspected epilepsy were then interviewed and examined by a neurologist for case *** associated epilepsy was defined as epilepsy without an obvious cause,with an onset of seizures between the ages of 3-18 years in previously healthy *** each village,fifty males aged≥20 years were tested for onchocerciasis antibodies using an OV16 rapid test and were examined for presence of onchocerciasis *** aged 6-10 years were also tested using OV16 ***:5117 individuals(median age 18.5 years,53.2%female)from 1168 households were screened.244(4.8%)were suspected of having epilepsy and invited for neurological *** of epilepsy was 2.5%,with the rural villages having the highest rate(3.5%vs 1.5%),Pdence of epilepsy was 111 cases(95%CI:73-161)per 100000 person-years,while that of onchocerciasis associated epilepsy was 131(95%CI:70-223).Prevalence of OV16 antibodies in adult males and among children 6-10 years old was higher in rural villages than in suburban villages(76.5%vs 50.6,and 42.6%vs 4.7%respectively),(P

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Mahenge Tanzania

Combining X-ray microtomography with computer simulation for analysis of granular and porous materials

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Particuology 2010年第2期8卷 81-99页

作者： Roberto Moreno-Atanasio Richard A. williams Institute of Particle Science and Engineering School of Process Environmental and Materials Engineering University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK

The use of X-ray microtomographic （XMT） methods in analysing particulate systems has expanded rapidly in recent years with the availability of affordable desk-top apparatus. This review presents a summary of the major applications in which computer simulations are explicitly coupled with XMT in the area of granular and porous materials. We envisage two main ways of establishing the coupling between both techniques, based on the transference or exchange of information by using physical or geometrical parameters （i.e. a parametric link through fitting to a process model） or through the direct use of3d XMT digital images （i.e. comparing image pixels and features directly）. Examples of coupled applications are shown for the study of transport properties of rocks, particle packing, mechanical loading and sintering. Often, the link between XMT and computer simulations is based on visual comparisons and we conclude that the use of quantitative parameters such as the number of interparticle contacts, force networks or granule shape to link both techniques is still underrepresented in the literature. Strategies to provide a more robust and quantitative approach to optimise the information obtained from such tomography analyses are proposed. 2010 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： X-ray microtomographyGranular flowComputer modellingLattice Boltzmann methoddiscrete element method

Spontaneous intramural duodenal hematoma in type 2B von Willebrand disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第41期19卷 7205-7208页

作者： derrick d Eichele Meredith Ross patrick Tang Grant F Hutchins Mark Mailliard division of General Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center985185 Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5185United States division of Oncology and Hematology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 681980-7680United States division of Gastroentrology and Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-2000United States

Intramural duodenal hematoma is a rare cause of a proximal gastrointestinal tract *** of intramural duodenal hematoma most often occurs following blunt abdominal trauma in children,but spontaneous non-traumatic cases have been linked to anticoagulant therapy,pancreatitis,malignancy,vasculitis and *** report an unusual case of spontaneous intramural duodenal hematoma presenting as an intestinal obstruction associated with acute pancreatitis in a patient with established von Willebrand disease,type *** patient presented with abrupt onset of abdominal pain,nausea,and *** tomography imaging identified an intramural duodenal mass consistent with blood measuring 4.7 cm×8.7 cm in the second portion of the duodenum abutting on the head of the *** lipase was 3828 units/*** was managed conservatively with bowel rest,continuous nasogastric decompression,total parenteral nutrition,recombinant factorⅧ(humateP)and *** resolved over the course of the *** case highlights an important complication of an inherited coagulopathy.

关键词： duodenal hematoma von Willebrand disease

Optimal trajectory design accounting for the stabilization of linear time-varying error dynamics

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第7期35卷 55-66页

作者： patrick PIPREK Haichao HONG Florian HOLZAPFEL Institute of Flight System dynamics Technical University of MunichGarching D-85748Germany

This study is dedicated to the development of a direct optimal control-based algorithm for trajectory optimization problems that accounts for the closed-loop stability of the trajectory tracking error dynamics already during the ***,the trajectory is designed such that the Linear Time-Varying(LTV)dynamic system,describing the controller’s error dynamics,is stable,while additionally the desired optimality criterion is optimized and all enforced constraints on the trajectory are *** is achieved by means of a Lyapunov stability analysis of the LTV dynamics within the optimization problem using a time-dependent,quadratic Lyapunov function *** care is taken with regard to ensuring the correct definiteness of the ensuing matrices within the Lyapunov stability analysis,specifically considering a numerically stable formulation of these in the numerical *** developed algorithm is applied to a trajectory design problem for which the LTV system is part of the path-following error dynamics,which is required to be *** main benefit of the proposed scheme in this context is that the designed trajectory trades-off the required stability and robustness properties of the LTV dynamics with the optimality of the trajectory already at the design phase and thus,does not produce unstable optimal trajectories the system must follow in the real application.

关键词： LTV error dynamics LTV stability Optimal control-based LTV stabilization Path-following error controller Trajectory generation Trajectory optimization

Loss and damage as an Alternative to Resilience and Vulnerability?Preliminary Reflections on an Emerging Climate Change Adaptation discourse

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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2014年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： Alexander Fekete patrick Sakdapolrak Risk and Crisis Management Section Cologne University of Applied Sciences50679 CologneGermany department of Geography University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

One relatively novel way of assessing the characteristics and limitations of resilience and vulnerability(R&V)is undertaken in this article by investigating a growing alternative paradigm—loss and damage(L&d)*** idea of L&d as an emerging policy may be surprising to many in the disaster risk management community,and so we first outline the origins of this trend,and then explore the potential benefits and pitfalls of adopting *** short article represents our preliminary opinions and observations regarding this reintroduction of a longestablished *** also present results from a very brief peer-group survey on some of the first immediate reactions towards L&d *** this early stage,this article cannot offer a full-fledged analysis,but our reflections may serve as a starting point to encourage further discussion.

关键词： Climate change adaptation Loss and damage Resilience Vulnerability