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Comparative analysis of open and laparoscopic colectomy for malignancy in a developing country

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2013年第11期5卷 294-299页

作者： Pierre-Anthony Leake Kristen Pitzul patrick o roberts Joseph M Plummer Department of Surgery RadiologyAnaesthesia and Intensive CareFaculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of the WestIndiesKingston 7Jamaica Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5T 3M6Canada

AIM: To compare the short-term, including oncologic, outcomes of open vs laparoscopic colectomy for cancer in a developing country. METHoDS: The records of patients who underwent elective open and laparoscopic colectomies for cancer at the University Hospital of the West Indies between January 2005 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic(age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index score), peri-operative, post-operative and oncologic data were collected for each patient. Specific oncologic variables included lymph node yield, pathologic stage, grade, proximal, distal and circumferential margin involvement. Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney, and binary logistic regression tests were used for analysis. Significance level was set atP or open colectomy(oC) and 17 cases for laparoscopic colectomy(LC). Demographics did not significantly differ between oC and LC groups. Intra-operative blood loss and postoperative analgesic requirements did not significantly differ between groups. There was a trend towards longer operating times in oC group and shorter hospital stay in the LC group. Lymph node yield(14 vs 14, P = 0.619), proximal(10 cm vs 7 cm, P = 0.353) and distal(8 cm vs 8 cm, P = 0.57) resection margin distance and circumferential margin involvement(9 vs 0, P = 0.348) did not significantly differ between groups. Thirty-day morbidity was equivalent between groups(22 vs 6, P = 0.774). There were 6 deaths within 30 d of initial procedure, all in the oC group(6.9%). CoNCLUSIoN: Laparoscopic colectomy in a developing country is oncologically safe and represents a option for colonic malignancies in these regions. Such data encourage the continued laparoscopic development.

关键词： Laparoscopy Colectomy Cancer Developing country Colorectal oncology Short-term outcomes

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Pathological factors affecting gastric adenocarcinoma survival in a Caribbean population from 2000-2010

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2014年第6期6卷 94-100页

作者： patrick o roberts Joseph Plummer Pierre-Anthony Leake Shane Scott Tamara G de Souza Ayesha Johnson Tracey N Gibson Barrie Hanchard Marvin Reid The Department of Surgery Radiology Anaesthesia and Intensive Care The University of the West IndiesJamaica 999172 West Indies College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620-9951 United States The Department of Pathol-ogy The University of the West Indies Jamaica 999172 West Indies Tropical Medicine Research Institute The Univer-sity of the West Indies Jamaica 999172 West Indies

AIM: To investigate pathological factors related to long term patient survival post surgical management of gas-tric adenocarcinoma in a Caribbean ***: This is a retrospective, observational study of all patients treated surgically for gastric adenocarci-noma from January 1st 2000 to December 31 st 2010 at The University Hospital of the West Indies, an urban Jamaican hospital. Pathological reports of all gastrecto-my specimens post gastric cancer resection during the specified interval were accessed. Patients with a final diagnosis other than adenocarcinoma, as well as pa-tients having undergone surgery at an external institu-tion were excluded. The clinical records of the selected cohort were reviewed. The following variables were analysed; patient gender, patient age, the number of gastrectomies previous performed by the lead surgeon, the gross anatomical location and appearance of the tumour, the histological appearance of the tumour, infil-tration of the tumour into stomach wall and surround-ing structures, presence of Helicobacter pylori and the presence of gastritis. Patient status as dead vs alive was documented for the end of the interval. The effect of the aforementioned factors on patient survival were analysed using Logrank tests, Cox regression models, Ranksum tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests and Kaplan-Meier ***: A total of 79 patients, 36 males and 43 fe-males, were included. Their median age was 67 years(range 36-86 years). Median survival time from surgery was 70 mo with 40.5% of patients dying before the termination date of the study. Tumours ranged from 0.8 cm in size to encompassing the entire stomach speci-men, with a median tumour size of 6 cm. The median number of nodes removed at surgery was 8 with a maximum of 28. The median number of positive lymph nodes found was 2, with a range of 0 to 22. Patients' median survival time was approximately 70 mo, with 40.5% of the patients in this cohort dying before the terminal date. An

关键词： Gastric adenocarcinoma Caribbean Jamaica Pathologic Survival Gastrectomy Gastritis Helicobacter pylori Cardia Circumferential resection margin

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Reinforcement learning and A^(*)search for the unit commitment problem patrick de Mars^(∗),Aidan o’Sullivan

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 172-181页

作者： patrick de Mars Aidan o’Sullivan UCL Energy Institute United Kingdom

Previous research has combined model-free reinforcement learning with model-based tree search methodsto solve the unit commitment problem with stochastic demand and renewables generation. This approachwas limited to shallow search depths and suffered from significant variability in run time across probleminstances with varying complexity. To mitigate these issues, we extend this methodology to more advancedsearch algorithms based on A^(*) search. First, we develop a problem-specific heuristic based on priority list unitcommitment methods and apply this in Guided A^(*) search, reducing run time by up to 94% with negligibleimpact on operating costs. In addition, we address the run time variability issue by employing a novel anytimealgorithm, Guided IDA^(*), replacing the fixed search depth parameter with a time budget constraint. We showthat Guided IDA^(*) mitigates the run time variability of previous guided tree search algorithms and enablesfurther operating cost reductions of up to 1%.

关键词： Unit commitment Reinforcement learning Tree search Power systems

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Human endogenous retrovirus type-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew Chan Robert Hoepner patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

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The Difficult Path from Perception to Precautionary Action-Participatory Modeling as a Practical Tool to overcome the Risk Perception Paradox in Flood Preparedness

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 472-485页

作者： Gisela Wachinger patrick Keilholz Coral o’Brian DIALoGIK GmbH 70176 StuttgartGermany DHI WASY GmbH 81671 MunichGermany

The risk perception paradox illustrates the perception of natural hazards as not directly related to a willingness to act or engage in precautionary behavior. Yet the utilization of participatory processes can help to overcome this gap. In a practical example in the watershed of the Danube River and its contributing streams in Germany,we aimed to solve questions about the value of participatory modeling as a method to bridge the gap linked to flood polder planning and a relocation of a dike for protection against high floods(centennial floods and rarer). Local communities, citizen initiatives, and nongovernmental environmental organizations joined together for round table discussions initiated by the water management authorities. A participatory modeling process enabled these diverse stakeholders to engage with the experts who built the groundwater models for the planning process. As part of this study, two case studies are presented. In the first example, neutral mediators assisted the round table ‘‘Flood Polder Katzau(Danube)'' in order to cultivate mutual trust and understanding between the authorities and the former opponents of the project. This process is still ongoing,challenged by long-term planning and the more immediate obstacle of current political changes. The second case studyis located on the river Alz, a tributary of the river Inn,which flows into the Danube, where the relocation of a dike was planned. This article demonstrates how participatory modeling contributes to bridging the gap between a local resident's risk perception and real action in the case of flood preparedness.

关键词： Bavaria Flood hazard Flood perception Flood risk Germany Participatory modeling Precautionary action

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Current applications of machine learning in the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 149-162页

作者： patrick Murtagh Garrett Greene Colm o'Brien Department of ophthalmology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalEccles StreetDublin D07 R2WYIreland RCSI Education and Research Centre Beaumont HospitalDublin D05 AT88Ireland

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of two well described machine learning modalities, ocular coherence tomography(oCT) and fundal photography, in terms of diagnostic accuracy in the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma. METHoDS: A systematic search of Embase and Pub Med databases was undertaken up to 1 st of February 2019. Articles were identified alongside their reference lists and relevant studies were aggregated. A Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy in terms of area under the receiver operating curve(AURoC) was performed. For the studies which did not report an AURoC, reported sensitivity and specificity values were combined to create a summary RoC curve which was included in the ***: A total of 23 studies were deemed suitable for inclusion in the Meta-analysis. This included 10 papers from the oCT cohort and 13 from the fundal photos cohort. Random effects Meta-analysis gave a pooled AURoC of 0.957(95%CI=0.917 to 0.997) for fundal photos and 0.923(95%CI=0.889 to 0.957) for the oCT cohort. The slightly higher accuracy of fundal photos methods is likely attributable to the much larger database of images used to train the models(59 788 vs 1743). CoNCLUSIoN: No demonstrable difference is shown between the diagnostic accuracy of the two modalities. The ease of access and lower cost associated with fundal photo acquisition make that the more appealing option in terms of screening on a global scale, however further studies need to be undertaken, owing largely to the poor study quality associated with the fundal photography cohort.

关键词： machine learning glaucoma ocular coherence tomography fundal photography diagnosis Meta-analysis

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Modeling microwave drying kinetics and moisture diffusivity of Mabonde banana variety

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 107-113页

作者： Adewale o.omolola Afam I.o.Jideani patrick F.Kapila Department of Food Science and Technology School of AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa Department of Agricultural and Rural Engineering School of AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa

This study investigates the microwave drying kinetics of thin layer Mabonde banana variety(MBV)at power levels between 100 and 300 *** mathematical drying models:Wang and Singh,Verma,Two-term,Page,Two term exponential,and Logarithmic models were fitted to experimental drying data obtained from the *** statistical consistency of the models was determined using statistical parameters including coefficient of determination,mean bias error,root mean square error,and reduced Chi *** migration from banana slices was described using the Fick’s diffusion *** effective diffusivity was *** results indicated that drying took place largely in the falling rate *** time required to reduce the moisture of banana to a certain level was dependent on the microwave output,being the longest at 100 W and shortest at 300 *** effective moisture diffusivity increased with increasing microwave power with values at 4.89×10^(-10),1.09×10^(-9) and 1.69×10^(-9) m^(2)/s at 100,200,and 300 W,*** Wang and Singh model gave the best results for the description of thin layer drying of MBV.

关键词： Mabonde banana variety microwave drying models drying kinetics effective moisture diffusivity

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Estimation of scale parameters of logistic distribution by linear functions of sample quantiles

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2001年第4期8卷 380-382页

作者： patrick G o WEKE 王承官吴从炘 Dept. of Mathematics Harbin Institute of Technology

The large sample estimation of standard deviation of logistic distribution employs the asymptotically best linear unbiased estimators based on sample quantiles. The sample quantiles are established from a pair of single spacing. Finally, a table of the variances and efficiencies of the estimator for 5≤n≤65 is provided and comparison is made with other linear estimators.

关键词： order statistics logistic distribution quantile estimation relative efficiencies.

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Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Ribokinase of Leishmania major

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第6期39卷 462-466页

作者： patrick. o. J. oGBUNUDE Nadia LAMoUR Michael P. BARRETT Department of Medical Biochemistry University of Nigeria Enugu 1000004 Nigeria Department of Biochemistry and Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond 23298-0614 USA Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences Division of Infection and Immunity Joseph Black Building University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK

Ribokinase （EC 2.***.7.15） from Leishmania major was cloned, sequenced and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The gene expressed an active enzyme that had comparable activity to the same enzyme studied in E. coli. It specifically phosphorylated D-ribose. Under defined conditions, the Km for the substrates D-ribose and ATP were 0.3±0.04 mM and 0.2±0.02mM, respectively. The turnover numbers of the enzyme for the substrates were 10.8s-1and 10.2 s-1, respectively. The enzyme product ribose 5-phosphate inhibited the phosphorylation of D-ribose with an apparent Kiof 0.4 mM, which is close to the Km（0.3mM） of Dribose, suggesting that it might play a role in regulating flux through the enzyme.

关键词： Leishmania major D-ribose ribokinase molecular cloning

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The northern dispersal of early modern humans in eastern Eurasia

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Science Bulletin 2020年第20期65卷 1699-1701页

作者： Feng Li Michael Petraglia patrick roberts Xing Gao Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Department of Archaeology Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human HistoryJena D-07745Germany School of Social Science the University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Human origins Program Smithsonian InstitutionWashington DC 20560-0004USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The study of the dispersal of modern humans beyond Africa is of great importance for assessing the adaptive capacities of Homo sapiens and for addressing why we are the only remaining hominin species on the planet *** and genetic discussions of this process have tended to focus on the so-called"southern"route towards Arabia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,and Australasia and associated coastal and terrestrial environments[1].

关键词：欧亚大陆 coastal terrestrial

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