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Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie Gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CeRAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis environment Nutritional Breeding

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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 58-67页

作者： Gary e.PICKARD patricia J.SOLLARS School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska

A new mammalian photoreceptor was recently discovered to reside in the ganglion cell layer of the inner *** intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs) express a photopigment,melanopsin,that confers upon them the ability to respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor *** relatively few in number,ipRGCs extend their dendrites across large expanses of the retina making them ideally suited to function as irradiance detectors to assess changes in ambient light *** in ipRGCs appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels more closely resembling the phototransduction cascade of invertebrate rather than vertebrate *** convey irradiance information centrally via the optic nerve to influence several *** are the primary retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN),a circadian oscillator and biological clock,and this input entrains the SCN to the day/night *** contribute irradiance signals that regulate pupil size and they also provide signals that interface with the autonomic nervous system to regulate rhythmic gene activity in major organs of the *** also provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina,providing a novel basis for the restructuring of retinal circuits by *** we review the ground-breaking discoveries,current progress and directions for future investigation.

关键词： melanopsin circadian rhythms suprachiasmatic nucleus retina pupillary light reflex

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Ultrastructural changes and asthenozoospermia in murine spermatozoa lacking the ribosomal protein L29/HIP gene

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 925-926页

作者： Rolands G Aravindan Catherine B Kirn-Safran Michelle A Smith patricia A martin-DeLeon Department of Biological Sciences University of Delaware NewarkDE 19716 USA.

Dear editor, We present here the first report linking a specific gene, ribosomal protein L29 （Rp129）, also known as Hip （heparin/heparan sulfate interacting protein）, to the mammalian sperm flagellar morphological anomaly termed the ＂dag＂ defect. In addition, we show that loss of Rp/29 invariably results in low sperm motility with infertility accompanying this abnormality.

关键词： eXPReSSION HIP/RPL29 MICe

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Functionally graded structure of a nitride-strengthened Mg_(2)Si-based hybrid composite

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1239-1256页

作者： Jeongho Yang Woongbeom Heogh Hogi Ju Sukhyun Kang Tae-Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Mohammad Jahazi Seung Chul Han Seong Je Park Hyoung Seop Kim Susmita Bose Amit Bandyopadhyay martin Byung-Guk Jun Young Won Kim Dae-kyeom Kim Rigoberto CAdvincula Clodualdo Aranas Jr Sang Hoon Kim School of Mechanical engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Process Research 3 Team LG Display Co.Ltd.PajuGyeonggi-do 10845Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Institute of Well-Aging Medicare&Chosun University LAMP Center Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical engineering École de Technologie SupérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Material&Component Convergence R&D Center Korea Construction Equipment Technology InstituteGunsanJeollabuk-do 54002Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Graduate Institute of Ferrous&eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongsangbuk-do 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Materials engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164USA School of Mechanical engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Department of Macromolecular Science and engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio 44106USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37830USA Department of Mechanical engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 5A3Cana

The ex-situ incorporation of the secondary SiC reinforcement,along with the in-situ incorporation of the tertiary and quaternary Mg_(3)N_(2) and Si_(3)N_(4) phases,in the primary matrix of Mg_(2)Si is employed in order to provide ultimate wear resistance based on the laser-irradiation-induced inclusion of N_(2) gas during laser powder bed *** is substantialized based on both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reactionbased metallurgy of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid *** study also proposes a functional platform for systematically modulating a functionally graded structure and modeling build-direction-dependent architectonics during additive *** strategy enables the development of a compositional gradient from the center to the edge of each melt pool of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid ***,the coefficient of friction of the hybrid composite exhibits a 309.3%decrease to–1.67 compared to–0.54 for the conventional nonreinforced Mg_(2)Si structure,while the tensile strength exhibits a 171.3%increase to 831.5 MPa compared to 485.3 MPa for the conventional *** outstanding mechanical behavior is due to the(1)the complementary and synergistic reinforcement effects of the SiC and nitride compounds,each of which possesses an intrinsically high hardness,and(2)the strong adhesion of these compounds to the Mg_(2)Si matrix despite their small sizes and low concentrations.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Mg_(2)Si-SiC/nitride hybrid composite Both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reaction-based metallurgy Functionally graded structure Compositional gradient Wear resistance.

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New techniques in the tissue diagnosis of gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第2期15卷 192-197页

作者： Charles H Knowles Joanne e.martin Neurogastroenterology Group Centres for Academic Surgery and Pathology Institute of Cellular and Molecular Science Barts and the London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry Whitechapel London United Kingdom

Gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders of children and adults in which symptoms are presumed or proven to arise as a result of neuromuscular (including interstitial cell of Cajal) dysfunction. Common to most of these diseases are symptoms of impaired motor activity which manifest as slowed or obstructed transit with or without evidence of transient or persistent radiological visceral dilatation. A variety of histopathological techniques and allied investigations are being increasingly applied to tissue biopsies from such patients. This review outlines some of the more recent advances in this fi eld, particularly in the most contentious area of small bowel disease manifesting as intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

关键词： enteric myopathy enteric neuropathy Interstitial cells of Cajal Intestinal pseudo-obstruction,Visceral pain

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evolving landscape and novel treatments in, metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 342-349页

作者： Paul J Toren martin e Gleave Department of Urologic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada

Treatment options for castrate-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC） have advanced in recent years and significantly improved the Outlook for patients with this aggressive and lethal disease. Further understanding of the biology＇of CRPC has led to several new targeted therapies and continues to emphasize the importance of androgen receptor （AR） directed therapy. The treatment landscape is rapidly changing and further biologically rationale, biomarker-based ongoing clinical trials are needed. We review the recent results of major clinical trials in CRPC. New and investigational agents now in clinical evaluation are reviewed including inhibitors of angiogenesis, microtubules, chaperones, AR and intracellular kinases, as well as immunotherapy, radiopharmaceuticals and bone-targeted agents. The recent improvement in prognosis for CRPC brings continued optimism for further improvements. Thoughtful planning of clinical trials and further understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to therapies will allow for continued progress in patient care.

关键词： prostate cancer treatment resistance androgen receptor antagonists molecular targets

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Biomaterials for spinal cord repair

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第4期29卷 445-459页

作者： Agnes e. Haggerty martin oudega Departments of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Departments of the Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of Pittsburgh Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Pittsburgh Departments of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh

Spinal cord injury （SCI） results in permanent loss of function leading to often devastating personal, economic and social problems. A contributing factor to the permanence of SCI is that damaged axons do not regenerate, which prevents the re-establishment of axonal circuits involved in function. Many groups are working to develop treatments that address the lack of axon regeneration after SCI. The emergence of biomaterials for regeneration and increased collaboration between engineers, basic and translational scientists, and clinicians hold promise for the development of effective therapies for SCI. A plethora of biomaterials is available and has been tested in various models of SCI. Considering the clinical relevance of contusion injuries, we primarily focus on polymers that meet the specific criteria for addressing this type of injury. Biomaterials may provide structural support and/or serve as a delivery vehicle for factors to arrest growth inhibition and promote axonal growth. Designing materials to address the specific needs of the damaged central nervous system is crucial and possible with current technology. Here, we review the most prominent materials, their optimal characteristics, and their potential roles in repairing and regenerating damaged axons following SCI.

关键词： spinal cord injury axon regeneration biodegradable materials extracellular matrix proteins functionalrecovery growth factor guidance injury and repair spinal motor neuron

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On ultrahigh temperature crustal metamorphism:Phase equilibria,trace element thermometry,bulk composition,heat sources,timescales and tectonic settings

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 311-356页

作者： David e.Kelsey martin Hand Department of Geology and Geophysics School of Physical SciencesThe University of Adelaide

Ultrahigh temperature （UHT） metamorphism is the most thermally extreme form of regional crustal metamorphism, with temperatures exceeding 900 ℃. UHT crustal metamorphism is recognised in more than 50 localities globally in the metamorphic rock record and is accepted as ＇normal＇ in the spectrum of regional crustal processes. UHT metamorphism is Wpically identified on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages such as sapphirine ＋ quartz, orthopyroxene ＋ sillimanite ＋ quartz and osumilite in Mg-Al- rich rock compositions, now usually coupled with pseudosection-based thermobarometry using internally-consistent thermodynamic data sets and/or Al-in-Orthopyroxene and ternary feldspar thermobarometry. Significant progress in the understanding of regional UHT metamorphism in recent years includes：（1） development of a ferric iron activity-composition thermodynamic model for sapphirine, allowing phase diagram calculations for oxidised rock compositions; （2） quantification of UHT conditions via trace element thermometry, with Zr-in-rutile more commonly recording higher temperatures than Ti-in-zircon. Rutile is likely to be stable at peak UHT conditions whereas zircon may only grow as UHT rocks are cooling. In addition, the extent to which Zr diffuses out of rutile is controlled by chemical communication with zircon; （3） more fully recognising and utilising temperature-dependent thermal properties of the crust, and the possible range of heat sources causing metamorphism in geodynamic modelling studies; （4） recognising that crust partially melted either in a previous event or earlier in a long-duration event has greater capacity than fertile, unmelted crust to achieve UHT conditions due to the heat energy consumed by partial melting reactions; （5） more strongly linking U-Pb geochronological data from zircon and monazite to P-T points or path segments through using Y ＋ Ree partitioning between accessory and major phases, as well as phase diagrams incorporating Zr and Ree; and （

关键词： Sapphirine + quartz P-T pseudosections Zr-in-rutile Ti-in-zircon U-Pb geochronology Subduction

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Bacterial microcosms obey Taylor’s law:effects of abiotic and biotic stress and genetics on mean and variance of population density

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ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 77-82页

作者： Oliver Kaltz patricia escobar-Páramo Michael e Hochberg Joel e Cohen Institut des Sciences de l’evolution UMR CNRS-UM2-IRD5554CC 065UniversitéMontpellier 2Place Eugène BataillonMontpellier Cedex 0534095France Centro Internacional de Física(CIF) Biotechnology GroupUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaCra 30 N°45-03BogotáDCColombia Laboratory of Populations Rockefeller and Columbia Universities1230 York AvenueBox 20New YorkNY10065-6399USA

Introduction:According to the empirical regularity called Taylor’s law,the variance of population density in samples of populations is a power of the mean population *** exponent is often between 1 and *** experiments investigated how genetics,evolution,and environment shape Taylor’s ***:Genetically different strains(wild type and hypermutator)of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens evolved and were assayed under different environmental conditions(with and without antibiotic rifampicin and bacteriophage SBW252,separately and in combination).Results:experimental treatments altered the exponent b,but not the power law form,of the relation between variance and mean population *** populations treated only with rifampicin had a narrow range of mean population densities and exponent b=*** exposed to rifampicin plus phage had b=*** ancestral,control,and phage-exposed populations,mean abundance varied widely and b was not significantly different from *** factors(mutation rate,selection)and ecological factors(abiotic,biotic)jointly influenced ***:Taylor’s power law relationship accurately and robustly described variance as a function of mean population density,with overall exponent b=*** and other experiments with different factors acting on bacterial population size support the relevance of models that predict‘universal’patterns of fluctuation scaling.

关键词： Taylor’s law Pseudomonas fluorescens rifampicin bacteriophage genetics

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蒂姆·布朗:拥抱未知

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设计艺术研究 2022年第2期12卷 1-3页

作者： Courtney e.martin(采访) 王曦(译) 不详

问:(在1983年您关于设计的第一篇文章中)您写道:"对于某种技能高度熟练的掌握,如渲染或者模型制作,会让创作者被平庸的解决方案所蛊惑。"我感觉这是您在《设计改变一切》这本书中想要表达的关键问题,对吗?So,you wrote,"A great profici... 详细信息

问:(在1983年您关于设计的第一篇文章中)您写道:"对于某种技能高度熟练的掌握,如渲染或者模型制作,会让创作者被平庸的解决方案所蛊惑。"我感觉这是您在《设计改变一切》这本书中想要表达的关键问题,对吗?So,you wrote,"A great proficiency in a certain skill,such as rendering or model-making,has allowed a mediocre solution to seduce those for whom it was produced".Which I feel like is actually central to your book,"Change by Design",right?

关键词：模型制作 rendering allowed

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