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modelling of Electrical Conductivity of a Silver Plasma at Low Temperature

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第8期18卷 812-820页

作者： pascal ANDRE William BUSSIERE Alain COULBOIS Jean-Louis GELET David ROCHETTE Université Clermont Auvergne LAEPT mERSEN 15 rue Jacques de Vaucanson

During the working of electrical fuses, inside the fuse element the silver ribbon first begins to melt, to vaporize and then a fuse arc appears between the two separated parts of the element. Second, the electrodes are struck and the burn-back phenomenon takes place. Usually, the silver ribbon is enclosed inside a cavity filled with silica sand. During the vaporization of the fuse element, one can consider that the volume is fixed so that the pressure increase appears to reach pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. Thus, in this paper two pressures, 1 atm and 10 atm, are considered. The electrical field inside the plasma can reach high values since the distance between the cathode surface and the anode surface varies with time. That is to say from zero cm to one cm order. So we consider various electrical fields： 102 V/m, 103 V/m, 5×103 V/m, 104 V/m at atmospheric pressure and 105 V/m at a pressure of 10 atm. This study is made in heavy species temperature range from 2,400 K to 10,000 K. To study the plasma created inside the electric fuse, we first need to determine some characteristics in order to justify some hypotheses. That is to say： are the classical approximations of the thermal plasmas physics justified？ In other words： plasma frequency, the ideality of the plasma, the Debye-Hückel approximation and the drift velocity versus thermal velocity. These characteristics and assumptions are discussed and commented on in this paper. Then, an evaluation of non-thermal equilibrium versus considered electrical fields is given. Finally, considering the high mobility of electrons, we evaluate the electrical conductivities.

关键词： electrical conductivity silver fuses non-ideal plasma Debye-Hiickelapproximation drift velocity thermal velocity thermal non-equilibrium electrical fields

GeoLink Data Set:A Complex Alignment Benchmark from Real-world Ontology

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Data Intelligence 2020年第3期2卷 353-378页

作者： Lu Zhou michelle Cheatham Adila Krisnadhi pascal Hitzler DaSe Lab Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Wright State University DaytonOH 45435USA Faculty of Computer Science Universitas IndonesiaDepokJawa Barat 16424Indonesia

Ontology alignment has been studied for over a decade,and over that time many alignment systems and methods have been developed by researchers in order to find simple 1-to-1 equivalence matches between two ***,very few alignment systems focus on finding complex *** reason for this limitation may be that there are no widely accepted alignment benchmarks that contain such complex *** this paper,we propose a real-world data set from the GeoLink project as a potential complex ontology alignment *** data set consists of two ontologies,the GeoLink Base Ontology(GBO)and the GeoLink modular Ontology(GmO),as well as a manually created reference alignment that was developed in consultation with domain experts from different *** alignment includes 1:1,1:n,and m:n equivalence and subsumption correspondences,and is available in both Expressive and Declarative Ontology Alignment Language(EDOAL)and rule *** benchmark has been expanded from its original version to contain real-world instance data from seven geoscience data providers that has been published according to both *** allows it to be used by extensional alignment systems or those that require training *** benchmark has been incorporated into the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative(OAEI)complex track to help researchers test their automated alignment systems and *** paper also analyzes the challenges inherent in effectively generating,detecting,and evaluating complex ontology alignments and provides a road map for future work on this topic.

关键词： Ontology matching Complex ontology alignment Real-world ontology Ontology population Complex ontology alignment benchmark

Why Is the Climate Forcing of Sulfate Aerosols So Uncertain?

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第6期18卷 1103-1120页

作者： Hu Rongming, Serge Planton, michel Deque, pascal marquet and Alain Braun Centre national de recherches m t orologiques, meteo-France pascal marquet and Alain Braun Centre national de recherches m t orologiques 法国

Sulfate aerosol particles have strong scattering effect on the solar radiation transfer which results in increasing the planet albedo and, hence, tend to cool the earth-atmosphere system. Also, aerosols can act as the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) which tend to increase the albedo of clouds and cool the global warming. The ARPEGE-Climat version 3 AGCm with FmR radiation scheme is used to estimate the direct and indirect radiative forcing of sulfate aerosols. For minimizing the uncertainties in assessing this kind of cooling effect, all kinds of factors are analyzed which have been mixed in the assessment process and may lead to the different results of the radiative forcing of aerosols. It is noticed that one of the uncertainties to assess the climate forcing of aerosols by GCm results from the different definition of radiative forcing that was used. In order to clarify this vague idea, the off-line case for considering no feedbacks and on-line case for including all the feedbacks have been used for assessment. The direct forcing of sulfate aerosols in off-line case is ?0.57 W/ m2 and ?0.38 W/ m2 for the clear sky and all sky respectively. The value of on-line case appears to be a little larger than that in off-line case chiefly due to the feedback of clouds. The indirect forcing of sulfate aerosols in off-line case is ?1.4 W/ m2 and ?1.0 W/ m2 in on-line case. The radiative forcing of sulfate aerosols has obvious regional characteristics. There is a larger negative radiative forcing over North America, Europe and East Asia. If the direct and indirect forcing are added together, it is enough to offset the positive radiative forcing induced by the greenhouse gases in these regions. Key words Radiative forcing - Feedback - Uncertainties - Sulfate aerosols

关键词： Radiative forcing Feedback Uncertainties Sulfate aerosols

m^(6)A Profile Dynamics Indicates Regulation of Oyster Development by m^(6)A-RNA Epitranscriptomes

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第4期21卷 742-755页

作者： Lorane Le Franc Bruno Petton pascal Favrel Guillaume Rivière Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosyste`mes Aquatiques(BOREA) Muséum d’Histoire NaturelleSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Caen NormandieUniversitédes AntillesCNRS UMR 8067IRD14032 CaenFrance Ifremer Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement MarinUMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/IfremerCentre Bretagne29280 PlouzanéFrance

The N6-methylation of RNA adenosines(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)is an important regulator of gene expression with critical implications in vertebrate and insect ***,the developmental significance of epitranscriptomes in lophotrochozoan organisms remains *** methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(meRIP-seq),we generated transcriptome-wide m^(6)A-RNA methylomes covering the entire development of the oyster from oocytes to *** RNA classes display specific m^(6)A signatures,with messenger RNAs(mRNAs)and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)exhibiting distinct profiles and being highly methylated compared to transposable element(TE)*** are dynamic and correspond to the chronological steps of development(cleavage,gastrulation,organogenesis,and metamorphosis),with minimal mRNA and lncRNA methylation at the morula stage followed by a global *** m^(6)A levels are correlated with transcript levels,and shifts in methylation profiles correspond to expression *** methylated transcripts cluster according to embryo-larval stages and bear the corresponding developmental functions(cell division,signal transduction,morphogenesis,and cell differentiation).The m^(6)A level of TE transcripts is also regulated and peaks during the *** demonstrate that m^(6)A-RNA methylomes are dynamic and associated with gene expression regulation during oyster *** putative epitranscriptome implication in the cleavage,maternal-to-zygotic transition,and cell differentiation in a lophotrochozoan model brings new insights into the control and evolution of developmental processes.

关键词： RNA methylation Transcription Embryo metamorphosis Evo-devo

Safety of tirofiban and dual antiplatelet therapy in treating intracranial aneurysms

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第1期4卷 36-42页

作者： Edgar A Samaniego Emilee Gibson Daichi Nakagawa Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez mario Zanaty Jorge A Roa pascal Jabbour David m Hasan Department of Neurology Neurosurgery and RadiologyUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Neurology University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Neurosurgery Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Background Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms usually involves stent-assisted coiling(SAC)and flow *** IIb/IIIa inhibitors such as tirofiban and dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)are required to prevent thromboembolic complications *** sought to determine the safety of tirofiban and DAPT in these *** We conducted a retrospective analysis of our database for patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent SAC or flow *** tirofiban-DAPT protocol used is *** regarding duration of infusion,placement of external ventricular devices(EVDs),complications,haemoglobin levels and platelet count before and 24 hours after antiplatelet therapy were collected and *** One-hundred and forty-one patients with 148 aneurysms/procedures were included.110 aneurysms were treated acutely and 38 *** and major haemorrhagic events were recognised in 20%(30/148)*** 5(3.4%)intracerebral haemorrhages were symptomatic:3 cortical/SAH and 2 *** average blood volume in symptomatic haemorrhages was 24.8 cc versus 5.42 cc in asymptomatic haemorrhages(p=0.002).The rate of EVD-related haemorrhages was 15.7%(19/121)and only 2(1.7%)were *** haemorrhagic events occurred in ruptured aneurysms(90.1%,p=0.01).No significant change in platelet count or haemoglobin levels before and 24 hours after administration of tirofiban and DAPT was *** administration of heparin did not increase haemorrhagic *** The use of the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors tirofiban and DAPT in this series was *** and DAPT did not affect platelet count or haemoglobin levels and did not increase rate of symptomatic haemorrhages or thromboembolic complications.

关键词： aneurysm intracranial infusion

Study on the Immobilization of Laccase and Its Application to the Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents

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Study on the Immobilization of Laccase and Its Application t...

作者： Habimana pascal 河北工业大学

学位级别：硕士

在工业应用中大量使用染料产生的废水,对人类健康和水环境造成了严重的影响。漆酶作为一种绿色生物催化剂,可对工业废水中的染料/有毒化学物质进行降解。然而漆酶的分子结构很容易受到外界环境的影响,而且游离的漆酶不可重复用、稳定性... 详细信息

在工业应用中大量使用染料产生的废水,对人类健康和水环境造成了严重的影响。漆酶作为一种绿色生物催化剂,可对工业废水中的染料/有毒化学物质进行降解。然而漆酶的分子结构很容易受到外界环境的影响,而且游离的漆酶不可重复用、稳定性差、成本高、难分离。为了解决这些问题,选用合适的载体对酶分子进行固定化是有效的策略之一。磁性核壳介孔氧化硅和金属有机骨架材料具有孔径可调、毒性低、化学稳定性高、比表面积大等优势,是固定化酶的理想载体。本研究以磁性介孔氧化硅纳米花(SiO@FeOnanoflowers)、介孔氧化硅包覆的磁性多壁碳纳米管(FeO-mWCNTs@SiO)和ZIF-8包覆的多壁碳纳米管(ZIF-8@mWCNTs)为载体,分别采用共价结合法和吸附法固定漆酶。考察了固定化漆酶的制备条件、稳定性及催化性能,并与游离漆酶进行了比较。最后,研究了固定化酶和游离漆酶对偶氮染料的脱色效果。本研究主要包括以下三个方面:(1)以十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)为模板剂,FeO为磁核,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,合成了SiO@FeO磁性介孔氧化硅纳米花。在550 C下煅烧5 h去除模板剂。所得了SiO@FeO的比表面积、孔体积和孔径分别为518.252 m/g,0.502 cm/g和5.9nm。采用戊二醛为交联剂将漆酶固定在SiO@FeO纳米花上,制备固定化漆酶(Laccase-GA-SiO@FeO)。研究发现,65 C和p H 4.0为Laccase-GA-SiO@FeO的最适温度和最适p H。Laccase-GA-SiO@FeO的p H、热、贮存和机械稳定性均比游离酶好。重复使用10次后,Laccase-GA-SiO@FeO活性仍能维持原有活性的83%。此外,对于酸性红88、铬黑T和活性黑5,Laccase-GA-SiO@FeO的脱色率分别为97%、98.3%和51%,均高于游离酶,有利于工业应用。(2)以CTAB为模板剂,FeO-mWCNTs为基体材料,TEOS为硅源,合成了FeO-mWCNTs@SiO纳米复合材料。采用离子交换法去除模板剂CTAB。氮气吸附-脱附等温线显示,FeO-mWCNTs@SiO纳米复合材料的比表面积为428.1 m/g,介孔孔径为11.47 nm。用戊二醛作为交联剂将漆酶固定在FeO-mWCNTs@SiO中,得到一种稳定的固定化酶Laccase-GA-FeO-mWCNTs@SiO。研究发现,Laccase-GA-FeO-mWCNTs@SiO的最适温度和p H分别为60°C和3.0。与游离漆酶相比,Laccase-GA-FeO-mWCNTs@SiO在p H、热、贮存和机械稳定性方面均有所提高。重复使用10次后,固定化漆酶仍能保持原有活性的87%。研究了酶对酸性红88、铬黑T和活性黑5的脱色作用,固定化漆酶的脱色率分别为98%、99%和66%,均高于游离酶。(3)以FeO-mWCNTs@SiO纳米复合材料为模板,采用金属亲和吸附法制备了ZIF-8包覆的多壁碳纳米管(ZIF-8@mWCNTs)纳米复合材料。结果表明,所制备的ZIF-8@mWCNTs纳米复合材料的比表面积为328.778 m/g,孔体积为0.714 cm/g,平均孔径为4.149 nm。Laccase@ZIF-8@mWCNTs的最适温度和最适p H分别为60C和p H 3.0。与游离酶相比,固定化酶在p H、热、贮存和操作稳定性等方面都有所提高。重复使用10次后,Laccase@ZIF-8@mWCNTs仍然保留了68%的初始酶活。对酸性红88和铬黑T的脱色方面,固定化漆酶的脱色率分别达95.6%和97.4%,均高于游离酶。

关键词：染料脱色硅基纳米复合材料固定化酶漆酶金属-有机框架材料

Tree diversity increases levels of herbivore damage in a subtropical forest canopy:evidence for dietary mixing by arthropods?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 13-27页

作者： matteo Brezzi Bernhard Schmid pascal A.Niklaus Andreas Schuldt Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZürichWinterthurerstr.190CH-8057 ZürichSwitzerland Institute of Ecology Animal Ecology GroupLeuphana University LueneburgScharnhorststr.1D-21335 LünebourgGermany

Aims Plant diversity has been linked to both increasing and decreasing levels of arthropod herbivore damage in different plant *** far,these links have mainly been studied in grasslands or in artificial tree plantations with low species ***,most studies provide results from newly established experimental plant communities where trophic links are not fully established or from stands of tree saplings that have not yet developed a ***,we test how tree diversity in a species-rich subtropical forest in China with fully developed tree canopy affects levels of herbivore damage caused by different arthropod feeding *** We established 27 plots of 30×30 m *** plots were selected randomly but with the constraint that they had to span a large range of tree diversity as required for comparative studies in contrast to sample *** recorded herbivore damage caused by arthropod feeding guilds(leaf chewers,leaf skeletonizers and sap feeders)on canopy leaves of all major tree *** Findings Levels of herbivore damage increased with tree species richness and tree phylogenetic *** effects were most pronounced for damage caused by leaf *** the two diversity measures were highly correlated,we additionally found a significant interaction between them,whereby species richness increased herbivory mostly at low levels of phylogenetic *** species with the lowest proportion of canopy leaf biomass in a plot tended to suffer the highest levels of herbivore damage,which is in contrast to expectations based on the resource concentration *** results are in agreement with expectations of the dietary mixing hypothesis where generalist herbivores with a broad spectrum of food plants benefit from increased resource diversity in tree species-rich forest patches.

关键词： arthropod herbivore damage feeding guilds forest canopy generalist herbivores leaf biomass resource dilution specialist herbivores tree species richness tree phylogenetic diversity

Late biliary complications in human alveolar echinococcosis are associated with high mortality

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5881-5888页

作者： pascal Frei Benjamin misselwitz meher K Prakash Alain m Schoepfer Bettina m Prinz Vavricka Beat müllhaupt michael Fried Kuno Lehmann Rudolf W Ammann Stephan R Vavricka Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Zurich8091 ZurichSwitzerland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois1011 LausanneSwitzerland Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Transplantation Center Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital Zurich8091 ZurichSwitzerland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stadtspital Triemli8063 ZurichSwitzerland

AIm: To evaluate the incidence of late biliary complications in non-resectable alveolar echinococcosis (AE) under long-term chemotherapy with benzimidazoles.

关键词： Alveolar echinococcosis Biliary strictures Biliary cirrhosis Cholangitis Cholestatic liver disease Chronic liver disease Complications Echinococcal cysts Prognosis

Probiotic yeasts: Anti-inflammatory potential of various non-pathogenic strains in experimental colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第17期16卷 2134-2145页

作者： Benot Foligné Jo■lle Dewulf pascal Vandekerckove Georges Pignède Bruno Pot Institut Pasteur of Lille Lactic acid Bacteria & Mucosal ImmunityCenter for Infection and Immunity of Lille1 rue du Pr CalmetteBP 245F-59019 LilleFrance University of Lille Nord de France F-59000 LilleFrance Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8204F-59021 LilleFrance Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche médicale U1019F-59019 LilleFrance Lesaffre International Direction of Research and Developpement147 rue Gabriel PériBP 602759700 Marcq-en-BaroeulFrance

AIm: To evaluate the in vitro immunomodulation capacity of various non-pathogenic yeast strains and to investigate the ability of some of these food grade yeasts to prevent experimental colitis in ***: In vitro immunomodulation was assessed by measuring cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12p70,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor and interferon γ] released by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 24 h stimulation with 6 live yeast strains (Saccharomyces ssp.) and with bacterial reference strains.A murine model of acute 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-colitis was next used to evaluate the distinct prophylactic protective capacities of three yeast strains compared with the performance of prednisolone ***: The six yeast strains all showed similar non-discriminating anti-inflammatory potential when tested on immunocompetent cells in vitro .However,although they exhibited similar colonization patterns in vivo ,some yeast strains showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in the TNBS-induced colitis model,whereas others had weaker or no preventive effect at all,as evidenced by colitis markers (body-weight loss,macroscopic and histological scores,myeloperoxidase activities and blood inflammatory markers).CONCLUSION: A careful selection of strains is required among the biodiversity of yeasts for specific clinical studies,including applications in inflammatory bowel disease and other therapeutic uses.

关键词： Yeast Probiotics Strain specificity Experimental colitis 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid