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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第12期9卷 1364-1376页

作者： papa malick ndiaye Ansoumana Bodian Lamine Diop Koffi Djaman Laboratoire Leï di “Dynamique des Territoires et Développement” Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint Louis Senegal UFR S2ATA Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal NMSU: Agricultural Science Center at Farmington Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University Farmington USA

Sensitivity analysis is important in understanding the effect of each climatic input variable on the variation of the evapotranspiration which is a significant element for hydrological modelling, irrigation programs, and water resources management. This study investigates the responses of evapotranspiration to the variation of maximum and minimum temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and maximum and minimum relative humidity. Daily data from 1998 to 2012 of eight stations are used. For each climatic variable, a variation of 5% up to ±25% was performed in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the evapotranspiration to the input variables. Results show that evapotranspiration is more sensitive to the variation of solar radiation, maximal temperature and wind speed, respectively.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith Sensitivity Coefficient Burkina Faso

Matrix Riccati Equations in Optimal Control

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第3期15卷 199-213页

作者： malick ndiaye School of Computer Sciences and Mathematics Marist College Poughkeepsie USA

In this paper, the matrix Riccati equation is considered. There is no general way for solving the matrix Riccati equation despite the many fields to which it applies. While scalar Riccati equation has been studied thoroughly, matrix Riccati equation of which scalar Riccati equations is a particular case, is much less investigated. This article proposes a change of variable that allows to find explicit solution of the Matrix Riccati equation. We then apply this solution to Optimal Control.

关键词： Optimal Control Matrix Riccati Equation Change of Variable

The Various Complications Associated with Use of Silicone Oil in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) Surgery via Three-Port Vitrectomy (3PV): A Retrospective Study at the Ophthalmology Center of Abass Ndao Hospital

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第3期14卷 250-256页

作者： Soda Mbaye El Hadji malick Sy Aïssatou Aw papa Amadou ndiaye Abass Ndao University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: RRD (Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment) is a separation between the neuroepithelium and the pigment epithelium due to the passage of fluid through a retinal dehiscence. It constitutes a major ophthalmologic emergency. Its management is primarily surgical, either through external or internal approaches, with tamponade using gas or silicone oil. The purpose of this study was to report the various complications associated with the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery. Patients et methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study from October 1, 2020, to October 31, 2023, which included all patients who underwent surgery for RRD using three-port vitrectomy (3PV) with tamponade using 1000 centistoke silicone oil (Group 1) and 5000 centistoke silicone oil (Group 2). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and were operated on by the same surgeon. Data analysis was performed using Excel software. Results: Overall, 31 patient files representing 33 eyes were collected, with a mean age of 48.83 years and a sex ratio of 4.16. Group 1 consisted of 16 eyes (48.48%), and Group 2 consisted of 17 eyes (51.51%). The different complications observed were cataracts in all phakic subjects, accounting for 57.57%;ocular hypertonia in 69.69% (27.27% in Group 1;42.42% in Group 2);anterior chamber silicone oil migration in 24.24% (9.09% in Group 1;15.15% in Group 2);recurrence of retinal detachment in 21.21% (6.06% in Group 1;15.15% in Group 2);and silicone oil emulsification in 24.24% (15.15% in Group 1;9.09% in Group 2). Additionally, there was one case of corneal degeneration in Group 1. Conclusion: Silicone oil is an effective tamponade agent used in the treatment of retinal detachments. Close patient follow-up is necessary due to the complications associated with its use, which can occur either early or late after surgery.

关键词： Silicone Cataracts OHT Emulsifications

Lithostructural Control of the Gold Mineralization of the Douta Permit of African Star Resources (Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier, Southeastern Senegal)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第4期15卷 303-333页

作者： Masse Ndour papa Moussa ndiaye Koffi Félix Ekra Alain Ndong malick Faye Pierre Ndour African Star Resources Yoff Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Dé partement de G&#233ologie Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar S&#233n&#233gal

The Douta permit of African Star Resources/Thor Explorations, located in the southeast of Senegal, in the Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier (western part of the West African Craton), is dominated to the East by metasedimentary formations such as greywackes, shales, graphitic shales, quartzites, cherts, claystones and breccias characteristic of the Dialé-Daléma basin. To the West, the mafic formations of the Mako volcanic belt are the most common. Metasedimentary rocks are associated with metavolcanosedimentary terms found at the contact zones between the two (2) Birimian groups. These different geological formations are cut by mafic dolerite and gabbro sills and/or dykes, as well as quartz and microgranite veins. The Douta gold project is crossed from North to South by the MTZ (Main Transcurrent Zone), generally oriented NE-SW and becoming N-S towards the North. The permit is characterized by several shear corridors. The rocks are affected by brittle, brittle-ductile to ductile deformations. The gold mineralization is hosted by a NE-trending shear corridor called the Makosa corridor (Makosa shear zone), therefore sub-parallel to the MTZ. It has a subvertical dip (75˚ to 85˚ to the NW). It is associated with a hydrothermal phase characterized by quartz-sericite-epidote-fine, disseminated pyrite and arsenopyrite ± albite ± chlorite paragenesis. These minerals testify to the existence of a low degree of metamorphism (greenschist facies, epizonal domain) in the area. However, metamorphism reaches amphibolite facies in some places, particularly in the vicinity of intrusive bodies, with the presence of hornblende (amphiboles) and plagioclase. The gold mineralization is mainly hosted by two (2) metasedimentary lithological units: meta-greywackes and shales.

关键词： Douta Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier Senegal Metasedimentary MTZ Control Gold Mineralization Makosa Corridor

Late Diagnosis of Congenital Optic Disc Abnormalities

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第3期14卷 229-235页

作者： Aïssatou Aw Soda Mbaye Jean Pierre Diagne Sy El Hadji malick Alassane Ba Aly Mbara Ka Serigne Sohibou Gaye Ousmane Ndiaga Senghor Lamine ndiaye Mouhamed ndiaye El Hadj Abdellahi Seyid papa Amadou ndiaye Ophthalmology Department of Abass NDAO Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Purpose: To show epidemiological and imaging aspects of congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed late. Method: It was a retrospective study, including all patients with congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed at a late age between January 2020 and October 2022 at the eye center of Abass Ndao Hospital. Complete ophthalmological examination was performed with eye imaging according to the cases. Results: 09 patients (10 eyes) were diagnosed with congenital optic disc abnormalities. The mean age was 29 years, with a sex ratio of 0.8. Three patients had consulted for unilateral decreased visual acuity since childhood, two for sudden vision loss and in four cases the diagnosis was fortuitous. Visual acuity was ranged from 1/200 to 20/20. Fundus examination showed myelinated retinal nerve fibers in four eyes, optic disc pit in three eyes including two complicated by maculopathy, two cases of morning glory syndrome and a case of pseudoduplication of the optic disc. Optical coherence tomography, ocular ultrasound B and OCT-Angiography were performed according to the cases. Conclusion: Congenital optic disc abnormalities are often diagnosed late. They are potentially amblyogenic and complications are not rare, worsening the visual prognosis. Their screening should be systematic by ophthalmological examination in newborns.

关键词： Myelinated Nerves Fibers Optic Disc Pit Morning Glory Syndrome Pseudoduplication Optic Disc

Eyelid Wounds: Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第1期14卷 55-62页

作者： Aly Mbara Ka Jean Pierre Diagne Aissatou Aw El Hadji malick Sy Soda Mbaye Hawo Madina Diallo Audrey Samra Aboubacry Sadikh Sow Joseph Matar Mass ndiaye Ousmane Ndiaga Senghor Lamine ndiaye Mohamed ndiaye Serigne Sohibou Gaye papa Amadou ndiaye Ophthalmology Department of Abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Senegal Ophthalmology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal

Purpose: The aim is to show epidemiological, clinical and etiological characteristics of palpebral wounds. Methodology: This was a retrospective study focusing on patients with an eyelid wound, over a 10-year period from 2012 to 2021. We collected and analyzed the data using Excel. Results: The frequency of eyelid wounds was 0.1%. The average age of our patients was 19.38 years with a range of 1 and 62 years. The sex ratio was 3.7. Eighty-one percent of patients lived in Dakar. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of patients consulted less than 24 hours after the trauma and 7% of patients on D1. The circumstances were brawls (11%), domestic accidents (9%), road accidents (6%), and work accidents (6%). We noted 1 case of dog bite. Thirteen patients presented with post-traumatic decreased visual acuity. Involvement of the isolated upper eyelid was noted in 40% of cases and both eyelids in 15% of cases. Involvement of the lacrimal ducts was noted in 17% of cases, and that of the free edge in 21% of cases. Eyelid wounds were associated with eyeball damage in 21% of cases. Various associated lesions were observed. Ninety-one percent of patients received surgical treatment. Three cases of superinfections, 1 case of conjunctival granuloma and 1 case of phthysis of the eyeball with postoperative retinal detachment were noted. Conclusion: Eyelid sores are relatively common in our context. They require rapid surgical treatment in order to preserve the functional and aesthetic prognosis. .

关键词： Eyelid Wounds Epidemiology Clinic Etiologies

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry traces the geographical source of Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskali,involved in schistosomiasis transmission

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 98-99页

作者： papa Mouhamadou Gaye EI Hadj Ibrahima ndiaye Souleymane Doucoure Doudou Sow Mapenda Gaye Ndiaw Goumballa Carole Cassagne Coralie L'Ollivier Oleg Medianikov Cheikh Sokhna Stephane Ranque Aix-Marseille University IRD AP-HM SSA VITROME Marseille France VITROME International IRD-UCAD Campus Dakar Senegal Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection Marseille France Departement of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Parasitology-Mycology UFR Sciences de la Santé Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Background Freshwater snails of the genera Bulinus spp.,Biomphalaria spp.,and Oncomelania *** the main intermediate hosts of human and animal *** of these snails has long been based on mor-phological and/or genomic criteria,which have their *** limitations include a lack of precision for the morphological tool and cost and time for the DNA-based ***,Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorp-tion/lonization Time-Of-Flight(MALDI-TOF)mass spectrometry,a new tool used which is routinely in clinical microbi-ology,has emerged in the field of malacology for the identification of freshwater *** study aimed to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS to identify Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskali snail populations according to their *** This study was conducted on 101 *** and 81 *** snails collected in three distinct geo-graphical areas of Senegal(the North-East,South-East and central part of the country),and supplemented with wild and laboratory *** which had previously been morphologically described were identified by MALDl-TOF MS[identification log score values(LSV)≥1.7],after an initial blind test using the pre-existing *** DNA-based identification,new reference spectra of ***(n=10)and ***(n=5)from the geographical areas were added to the MALDI-TOF spectral *** final blind test against this updated database was per-formed to assess identification at the geographic source *** MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified 92.1%of 101 *** snails and 98.8%of 81 *** *** the final blind test,88%of 166 specimens were correctly identified according to both their species and sampling site,with LSVs ranging from 1.74 to *** geographical source was adequately identified in 90.1%of 91 *** and 85.3%of 75 *** *** Our findings demonstrate that MALDI-TOF MS can identify and differe

关键词： Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry Snail Intermediate host Biomphalaria pfeifferi Bulinus forskali Schistosomiasis Senegal

Sinonasal Polyposis: About 60 Cases at Fann University Hospital Center, Senegal

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 53-61页

作者： Mame Sanou Diouf Moustapha ndiaye Ahmadou Dembele Evelyne Siga Diom Ciré ndiaye Amadou Thiam Richard E. A. Deguenonvo Abdou Sy malick ndiaye Abdourahmane Tall Issa Cheikh ndiaye Raymond Diouf HOGIP Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Ourossogui Hospital Center Matam Senegal La Paix Hospital Center Ziguinchor Senegal Children Hospital Center of Diamniadio Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the mucosa of the nasal cavities and facial sinuses. It is characterized by an oedematous, multifocal and bilateral degeneration of the nasosinus mucosa, which originates in the lateral masses of the ethmoid, where it causes the formation of smooth, gelatinous, translucent and pyriform polyp lesions. The objective of this study was to review epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical data and evaluate the results of endoscopic surgical treatment. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study on 60 patients followed at the ENT department of the Fann National University Hospital Center, from January 2010 to December 2015. All patients with sinonasal polyposis were included in the study. Results: The average age of our patients was 38 years and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.8. In the patients’ histories, we found 18% asthma and 10% Widal’s disease. The average consultation time was 8.5 years. All patients had consulted for nasal obstruction;rhinorrhea was bilateral and found in 67.7% of cases, with olfactory disorders accounting for 50%. The CT scan performed in 58% of cases made it possible to specify the extent of the lesions;the involvement of the ethmoidal sinus was constant and extended to the other sinuses except in 2 cases. All patients had received medical treatment with local corticosteroids. Endoscopic surgical treatment was initiated in 43% of cases after failure of corticosteroid-based medical treatment. The evolution under treatment marked by the reappearance of symptoms that increased each month. At one month postoperatively, all clinical symptomatology had improved with the exception of olfactory disorders, which persisted in 3 patients. At 12 months we noted 12 cases of reappearance of nasal obstruction. Conclusion: SNP is a disease of little known etiology. The diagnosis is almost always clinical. Endoscopic surgery remains a recourse to medical treatment. For good local contro

关键词： Sinonasal Polyposis Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery CHNU Fann

Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Penne-Type Pasta Based on Cereals (Oryza sativa (L.), Digitaria exilis, Pennicetum glaucum), Tubers (Ipomoea batata, Manihot esculenta Crantz), and a Legume (Vigna unguiculata (L.))

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 351-360页

作者： Maurice Jean François Sylvestre Lopy Ndèye Fatou ndiaye malick Mbengue Mamadou Salif Sow Abdou Diouf Department of Cereals and Legumes Institute of Food Technology (ITA) Dakar Senegal Polytechnic School Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and sensory characteristics of penne-type pasta produced from locally sourced cereals, tubers, and legumes. To achieve this, we formulated four different types of pasta with varying levels of incorporation ranging from 10 to 50% cereals such as millet, fonio, and rice, tubers such as manioc and sweet potato, and legumes such as cowpea. The results showed that the incorporation of local products considerably improved the nutrient content of penne without being rejected by consumers. Sensory analysis showed that the best results were obtained with mixtures of sweet potato, cowpea, and wheat, as well as with rice, manioc, cowpea, and sample wheat. These results are of great importance to manufacturers in a world where developing nutritious and attractive food products is a crucial challenge.

关键词： Pasta Tubers Cereals Legumes

Consumers’ Perception and Knowledge of Food Additives in Senegal: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 38-50页

作者： Alé Kane Hamidou Mbodji papa Mamadou Dit Doudou Sylla Alioune Sow Abdoulaye Tamba malick Mbengue Mady Cissé Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Food safety has become a major concern for consumers, as well as a priority for regulatory authorities. Faced with the growing industrial and domestic use of food additives, many questions are being asked and concerns are being felt by consumers around the world. Consumer perception defines the acceptability or rejection of food products, and has an impact on consumption patterns and behavior. To assess the level of knowledge and perception of food additives, a pilot study was carried out on a sample of 200 people in Dakar and Saint-Louis. A questionnaire was used to assess the acceptance or rejection, use and impact of food additives by consumers in Senegal. The results revealed several aspects. On the whole, the people surveyed expressed great mistrust and even rejection of these substances added to food products. This consumer perception is shared throughout the world, as indicated in numerous surveys. It also emerges from this study that, although most consumers are aware of the existence of these additives and their uses in the home, they feel that the use of these substances in industrial production is too excessive. What’s more, consumers associate food additives with numerous pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, stroke and even sexual impotence. For some of these indexed pathologies, scientific studies have reached the same conclusions, although controversy still persists. On the other hand, for some of the other adverse effects mentioned, no cause-and-effect relationship has been scientifically demonstrated. In these latter cases, it seems that negative communication, misinformation and misconceptions have a major influence on consumer perception of food additives.

关键词： Consumer Survey Food Additives Knowledge Perception Senegal