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The challenges of avian influenza virus:mechanism,epidemiology and control

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 405-406页

作者： George F.GAO Pang-Chui SHAW CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin

Early 2009, eight human infection cases of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, with 5 death cases, were reported in China. This again made the world alert on a possible pandemic worldwide, probably ca... 详细信息

关键词： The challenges of avian influenza virus

Application of DNA barcodes in Hedyotis L.(Spermacoceae,Rubiaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 203-212页

作者： Mark P.SIMMONS Paul Pui-Hay BUT Pang-Chui SHAW Department of Biology Colorado State University School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The potential application of DNA barcodes of plastid(matK,trnH-psbA,petD,and rbcL) and nuclear(internal transcribed spacer(ITS) of rDNA) DNA regions was investigated for 25 Hedyotis taxa.The ITS showed the best species discrimination by resolving 23 of the species as exclusive lineages with no shared alleles between any of the 24 distinct species(H.assimilis and H.mellii are not supported as distinct species based on our molecular and morphological data).Conversely,rbcL performed the worst and only resolved 10 of the species as exclusive lineages,and 10 species with shared alleles.Using ITS has the advantage of high PCR amplification success and it provides good intra-and interspecific variation distribution patterns.The most powerful plastid markers were petD and trnH-psbA,but we could amplify and sequence trnH-psbA for only 83% of the accessions sampled.Combination of ITS and petD performed extremely well,with all 24 of the distinct species resolved as exclusive lineages and no shared alleles between any of the distinct species.We therefore recommend ITS,or a combination of ITS and petD,as the standard DNA barcode in Hedyotis,but acknowledge that there are no shared alleles between distinct species for matK and rbcL combined.

关键词： DNA barcode Hedyotis molecular identification Rubiaceae taxonomy.

Contribution of molecular cladistics to the taxonomy of Rutaceae in China

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第2期47卷 144-150页

作者： Paul Pui-Hay BUT Alice Wing-Sem POON Pang-Chui SHAW Mark P.SIMMONS Harald GREGER Department of Biology Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Biochemistry Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort Collins Comparative and Ecological Phytochemistry Faculty Center of BotanyUniversity of Vienna

The treatment of Rutaceae in the Chinese flora chose to follow Engler in recognizing Rutoideae and Toddalioideae as two separate subfamilies.Morphological and chemical comparisons,however,suggested group-ing those two subfamilies in one subfamily,Rutoideae.This move has received support from molecular phyloge-netic analyses,which also showed that the Chinese taxa in Euodia should be placed in Tetradium and Melicope following Hartley.Investigations into the chemistry and molecular phylogeny of Murraya also indicated that the species in the section Bergera without yuehchukene should be removed from Murraya.These findings clearly show the value of molecular cladistics to the taxonomy of Rutaceae in China and also directions for further inves-tigations.

关键词： Bergera Euodia Melicope Murraya Rutaceae Rutoideae Tetradium Toddalioideae

Structure and sequence analysis of influenza A virus nucleoprotein

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 439-449页

作者： NG Andy Ka-Leung shaw pang-chui Molecular Biotechnology Programme Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Protein Science and Crystallography The Chi-nese University of Hong Kong

Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) forms homo-oligomers and multiple copies of NP wrap around genomic RNA, along with a trimeric polymerase making up ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Sequence comparison of more than 2500 influenza A NP showed that this protein contains 30.1 % of polymorphic residues. NP is composed of a head and a body domain and a tail loop/ linker region. The head domain is more conserved than the body domain, as revealed from the structure-based sequence alignment. NP oligomerization is mediated by the insertion of the non-polymorphic and structurally conserved tail loop of one NP molecule to a groove of another NP. The different form of NP oligomers is due to the flexibility of the polymorphic linkers that join the tail loop to the rest of the protein. The RNA binding property of NP is known to involve the protruding element and the flexible basic loop between the head and body domains, both having high degree of primary sequence conservation. To bind RNA, NP may first capture the RNA by the flexible basic loop and then the RNA is clamped by the protruding element.

关键词： Influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein oligomerization RNA binding

Sheng Jiang San, traditional multi-herb formulation, exerts anti-influenza effects in vitro and in vivo via neuraminidaseinhibition and immune regulation

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2019年第9期33卷 738-739页

作者： ZHANG Tian-bo XIAO Meng-jie Chun-Kwok WONG Ka-Pun CHRIS MOK ZHAO Xin TI Hui-hui Pang-Chui SHAW State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target&Clinical PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina The School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

OBJECTIVE Sheng Jiang San(SJS),a multi-herb formulation,is used in treating high fever,thirsty and anxiety in ancient China and it is sometimes used to treat seasonal influenza in modern.However,there is no evidencebased investigation and mechanism research to support SJS′s anti-influenza efficacy.This study aims to investigate the anti-influenza effect of SJS and its possible mechanisms.METHODS In this study,we examined the inhibitory effect of SJS against different influenza viruses on Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.Influenza virus infected BALB/c mice were employed as in vivo model to evaluate the efficacy.Mice challenged with A/PR/8/34(H1N1)were orally administrated SJS 1 g·kg^-1 daily for seven days and monitored for 14 d.The survival rate,body mass changes,lung index,lung viral load,histopathologic changes and immune-regulation of the mice were measured.The underlying anti-influenza virus mechanisms were studied by a series of biological assays in vitro to determine if hemagglutinin,ribonucleoprotein complex or nerauminidase were targets of SJS.RESULTS SJS exerted a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on multiple influenza strains in a dose-dependent manner.And IC50 of SJS against A/WSN/33(H1N1)was lower than 35 mg·L^-1.SJS also protected 50%of mice from influenza virus PR8 infection.The lung index and the lung viral load of SJS treated mice were signifi⁃cantly decrease compared with untreated mice.SJS 2 g·L^-1 inhibited 80%of neuraminidase enzymatic activity.SJS also up-regulated TNF-αand IFN-αand down-regulated IL-2 of influenza virus induced mice.CONCLUSION SJS is a useful formulation for treating influenza virus infection.

关键词： Sheng Jiang San anti-influenza activity neuraminidase inhibition immuno-regulation

A Review of the Potential Issues of Pollution Caused by the Mineral Elements, Mercury, Lead and Arsenic, Its Possible Impacts on the Human Beings and the Suggested Solutions

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Chinese Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 167-178页

作者： Yau Lam Cho Wing Sze Yao Tong Tzi Bun Ng pang chui shaw Yanbo Zhang School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China The School of Biochemistry and Faculty of Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China The School of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Objective: This paper mainly discusses and summarises the potential issues of pollution caused by the Mineral elements, Mercury, Lead and Arsenic, its possible impacts on the human beings and the suggested solutions. Methods: This paper is prepared by reviewing the latest academic literatures. Result: First, this article discusses two aspects including the effects of Mercury, Lead and Arsenic on the Chinese herbal medicine and the potential issues of causing the environmental pollution. And then further study its toxicity effects and the side impacts on the human bodies in order to realize the actual circumstances people are encountering nowadays. This paper will also the corresponding its treatment method of reviews. Hope this will provide a valuable reference. Conclusion: Theses issues caused by the Mineral elements are prominent nowadays, thus the ongoing researches on the impacts of pollution and the possible solutions are regarded as highly valued in order to conserve the natural environment and meanwhile safeguard the well beings of people and the future offspring.

关键词： Mineral Elements Arsenic Lead Mercury

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端粒酶抑制剂研究进展

沈阳药科大学学报 2017年第9期34卷 817-824页

作者：解静蕾侯卜张超邵鹏柱胡春沈阳药科大学基于靶点的药物设计与研究教育部重点实验室辽宁沈阳110016 香港中文大学生命科学学院香港999077

目的综述端粒酶抑制剂的研究进展。方法查阅近几年来国内外相关文献33篇,对其进行归纳、总结和分析。结果端粒酶是一种DNA逆转录酶,具有催化端粒DNA合成的功能,在85%~90%的肿瘤细胞中特异性表达。近几年来,人们发现的端粒酶抑制剂包括... 详细信息

目的综述端粒酶抑制剂的研究进展。方法查阅近几年来国内外相关文献33篇,对其进行归纳、总结和分析。结果端粒酶是一种DNA逆转录酶,具有催化端粒DNA合成的功能,在85%~90%的肿瘤细胞中特异性表达。近几年来,人们发现的端粒酶抑制剂包括杨梅酮衍生物、南蛇藤醇衍生物、小檗碱类化合物、波尔定碱、虫草素等天然小分子及其类似物,以及伊美司他、噁二唑类化合物、吡唑类化合物、芳基乙烯类化合物、苯亚甲基-腙类化合物、咔唑类化合物和蒽醌类化合物等合成小分子类化合物。个别化合物已经进入了临床研究阶段。结论端粒酶抑制剂作为一类潜在的高选择性抗癌药物,为恶性肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供新的希望。

关键词：端粒酶抑制剂抗癌活性

应用5S rRNA基因间隔鉴定川西獐芽菜和同属混淆品种(英文)

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中国中药杂志 2008年第5期33卷 502-504页

作者：余满堂黄家乐宗玉英邵鹏柱车镇涛青海省高原医学科学研究院青海西宁810012 香港中文大学生物化学系和中医中药研究所中国香港新界沙田香港中文大学中医学院中国香港新界沙田

目的：采用5S rRNA间隔序列分析区分川西獐芽菜和常见同属植物混淆品种抱茎獐芽菜，华北獐芽菜及印度獐牙菜。方法：提取獐芽菜属被测样品的DNA，使用PCR扩增5S rRNA基因间隔片段，测定及比较各品种的序列。结果．川西獐芽菜和其余3种... 详细信息

目的：采用5S rRNA间隔序列分析区分川西獐芽菜和常见同属植物混淆品种抱茎獐芽菜，华北獐芽菜及印度獐牙菜。方法：提取獐芽菜属被测样品的DNA，使用PCR扩增5S rRNA基因间隔片段，测定及比较各品种的序列。结果．川西獐芽菜和其余3种混淆品獐牙菜属植物之间DNA的5S rRNA基因间隔序列不同，差异范围为30．6％-65．0％。结论：5S rRNA基因间隔序列可以作为分子鉴定标记区别川西獐芽菜和同属其他常见混淆品种。该方法为獐芽菜属植物的鉴定提供可靠，简便的参考依据。

关键词：川西獐芽菜獐牙菜属 5S rRNA基因间隔聚合酶链式反应

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脑心通胶囊中全蝎的特异性DNA鉴别

中南药学 2019年第12期17卷 2015-2020页

作者：朱晓枭胡恺恩邵鹏柱彭维苏薇薇中山大学生命科学学院//广东省中药上市后质量与药效再评价工程技术研究中心广州510275 香港中文大学李达三叶燿珍中医药研究发展中心香港抄田999077

目的建立正品全蝎(东亚钳蝎)的特异性DNA分子鉴别方法。方法采用DNA条形码技术,基于线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因序列,设计全蝎的特异性引物,对全蝎药材及含全蝎的中成药脑心通胶囊进行PCR扩增及测序,将获得的序列在GenBank... 详细信息

目的建立正品全蝎(东亚钳蝎)的特异性DNA分子鉴别方法。方法采用DNA条形码技术,基于线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因序列,设计全蝎的特异性引物,对全蝎药材及含全蝎的中成药脑心通胶囊进行PCR扩增及测序,将获得的序列在GenBank数据库中应用BLAST进行结果判定,结果中相似性最高的序列对应物种为待测样品最接近的物种。结果引物SF1R1和SF2R4均可特异性扩增东亚钳蝎的DNA,产生大小为250~260 bp的条带;且应用这两对引物均在脑心通胶囊中检测到东亚钳蝎,与胶囊所用投料药材一致。结论基于COⅠ序列的DNA条形码技术可用于全蝎药材及脑心通胶囊中全蝎的鉴定,该方法准确、简便、具有高特异性和灵敏度,具有实际应用价值。

关键词：全蝎脑心通胶囊 DNA条形码 COⅠ基因基原鉴定