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A Connectivity-Based Legalization Scheme for Standard Cell Placement

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Circuits and Systems 2017年第8期8卷 191-201页

作者： Antonios N. Dadaliaris panagiotis oikonomou Maria G. Koziri Evangelia Nerantzaki Thanasis Loukopoulos Georgios I. Stamoulis Department of Computer Science University of Thessaly Lamia Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Thessaly Volos Greece Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics University of Thessaly Lamia Greece

Standard cell placement algorithms have been at the forefront of academic research concerning the physical design stages of VLSI design flows. The penultimate step of a standard cell placement procedure is legalization. In this step the manufacturability of the design is directly settled, and the quality of the solution, in terms of wirelength, congestion, timing and power consumption is indirectly defined. Since the heavy lifting regarding processing is performed by global placers, fast legalization solutions are protruded in state-of-the-art design flows. In this paper we propose and evaluate a legalization scheme that surpasses in execution speed two of the most widely used legalizers, without not only corrupting the quality of the final solution in terms of interconnection wirelength but improving it in the process.

关键词： Legalization Standard Cell Placement Heuristics Interconnect Wirelength

Extracorporeal organ support for critically ill patients:Overcoming the past,achieving the maximum at present,and redefining the future

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 19-28页

作者： panagiotis Papamichalis Katerina G oikonomou Maria Xanthoudaki Asimina Valsamaki Apostolia-Lemonia Skoura Sophia K Papathanasiou Achilleas Chovas Intensive Care Unit General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221Greece Department of Transfusion Medicine University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221Greece

Extracorporeal organ support(ECOS)has made remarkable progress over the last few *** replacement therapy,introduced a few decades ago,was the first available application of *** subsequent evolution of ECOS enabled the enhanced support to many other organs,including the heart[veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),slow continuous ultrafiltration],the lungs(veno-venous ECMO,extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal),and the liver(blood purification techniques for the detoxification of liver toxins).Moreover,additional indications of these methods,including the suppression of excessive inflammatory response occurring in severe disorders such as sepsis,coronavirus disease 2019,pancreatitis,and trauma(blood purification techniques for the removal of exotoxins,endotoxins,or cytokines),have *** organ support therapy is crucial since a vast majority of critically ill patients present not with a single but with multiple organ failure(MOF),whereas,traditional therapeutic approaches(mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure,antibiotics for sepsis,and inotropes for cardiac dysfunction)have reached the maximum efficacy and cannot be improved ***,several issues remain to be clarified,such as the complexity and cost of ECOS systems,standardization of indications,therapeutic protocols and initiation time,choice of the patients who will benefit most from these interventions,while evidence from randomized controlled trials supporting their use is still ***,these methods are currently a part of routine clinical practice in intensive care *** editorial presents the past,present,and future considerations,as well as perspectives regarding these *** better understanding of these methods,the pathophysiology of MOF,the crosstalk between native organs resulting in MOF,and the crosstalk between native organs and artificial organ support systems when applied sequentially or simultaneously,will lead t

关键词： Kidney-liver replacement therapy Heart-lung support Blood purification Native–artificial organ crosstalk Multiple organ support therapy Extracorporeal organ support

Prevention,diagnostic evaluation,management and prognostic implications of liver disease in critically ill patients with COVID-19

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第3期11卷 514-527页

作者： Asimina Valsamaki Maria Xanthoudaki Katerina G oikonomou panagiotis J Vlachostergios AntoniosPapadogoulas Periklis Katsiafylloudis Ioanna Voulgaridi Apostolia-Lemonia Skoura Apostolos Komnos panagiotis Papamichalis Intensive Care Unit General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221Greece Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States Department of Microbiology General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221Greece Transfusion Medicine Department University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,broke out in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China and spread rapidly ***,by March 2020,the World Health Organization declared the disease a global *** from the respiratory system,various other organs of the human body are also seriously affected by the *** injury in patients with a severe form of COVID-19 is estimated to be 14.8%-53.0%.Elevated levels of total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and low levels of serum albumin and prealbumin are the main laboratory *** with pre-existing chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are much more prone to develop severe liver *** literature review presented the recent scientific findings regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for liver injury in critically ill patients with COVID-19,the various interactions between drugs used to treat the disease and the function of the liver and the specific tests providing the possibility of early diagnosis of severe liver injury in these ***,it highlighted the burden that COVID-19 put on health systems worldwide and its effect on transplant programs and the care provided to critically ill patients in general and particularly to those with chronic liver disease.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Liver disease Intensive care unit Liver unit Prealbumin

Diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation-from pathophysiology to treatment

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第5期14卷 512-527页

作者： Marianna Leopoulou panagiotis Theofilis Athanasios Kordalis Nikolaos Papageorgiou Marios Sagris Evangelos oikonomou Dimitris Tousoulis 1^(st)Cardiology Clinic ‘Hippokration’General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensSchool of MedicineAthens 11527Greece 3^(rd)Cardiology Clinic ‘Sotiria’Chest Diseases HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensSchool of MedicineAthens 11527Greece

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular complications around the globe and one of the most common medical *** fibrillation(AF)is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia,with a rapidly increasing prevalence.T2DM has been closely associated with the risk of AF development,identified as an independent risk *** cardiovascular complications,both AF and T2DM have been linked with high *** underlying pathophysiology has not been fully determined yet;however,it is multifactorial,including structural,electrical,and autonomic *** therapies include pharmaceutical agents in sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors,as well as antiarrhythmic strategies,such as cardioversion and *** interest,glucose-lowering therapies may affect the prevalence of *** review presents the current evidence regarding the connection between the two entities,the pathophysiological pathways that link them,and the therapeutic options that exist.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Diabetes mellitus Pathophysiology Treatment

Shape of Compact Toroidal Dimensions T_θ~d and Casimir Effect on M^D×T_θ~d Spacetime

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第1期55卷 101-110页

作者： V.K.oikonomou Department of Theoretical Physics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Technological Education Institute of Serres

We study the influence of the shape of compact a scalar field. We examine both the massive and the massless dimensions to the Casimir energy and Casimir force of scalar field. The total spacetime topology is M^D × Tθ2, where M^D） is the D-dimensional Minkowski spacetime and Tθ2 the twisted torus described by R1, R2, and 8. For the case R1 = R2 we found that the massive bulk scalar field Casimir energy is singular for D=even and this singularity is R-dependent and remains even when the force is calculated. Also the massless Casimir energy and force is regular only for D = 4 （!）. This is very interesting phenomenologically. We examine the energy and force as a function of 8. Also we address the stabilization problem of the compact space. We also briefly discuss some phenomenological implications.

关键词： Casimir energy Casimir force extra dimensions twisted torus shadowing effect zeta dimensions

Gastroenterology and liver disease during COVID-19 and in anticipation of post-COVID-19 era: Current practice and future directions

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第19期9卷 4918-4938页

作者： Katerina G oikonomou panagiotis Papamichalis Tilemachos Zafeiridis Maria Xanthoudaki Evangelia Papapostolou Asimina Valsamaki Konstantinos Bouliaris Michail Papamichalis Marios Karvouniaris panagiotis J Vlachostergios Apostolia-Lemonia Skoura Apostolos Komnos Intensive Care Unit General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221ThessalyGreece Surgical Department General Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41221ThessalyGreece Department of Cardiology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110ThessalyGreece Intensive Care Unit University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110ThessalyGreece Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States Transfusion Medicine Department University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110ThessalyGreece

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has emerged as a major threat to global public *** virus causes the clinical syndrome known as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),in which multiple organs can get *** from manifestations of the respiratory system,which predominate,its clinical presentation is frequently accompanied by symptoms of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract and liver *** correlation of symptoms and abnormalities with disease severity is discussed,leading to ambiguous results from international ***,the disease infects patients with coexisting liver and GI disorders affecting both their health status and the availability of healthcare services provided to *** risk of transmission of the disease during aerosol-generating procedures has changed the diagnostic approach and follow-up algorithms for liver and GI *** the safety of both doctors and patients,telemedicine and distant evaluation have become everyday practice,whereas several routines and emergency visits at outpatient and emergency departments have been postponed or *** against SARS-CoV-2 is underway,providing hope to humanity and the expectation that the post-COVID-19 era is *** review aims to update knowledge about the manifestations of COVID-19 related to liver and GI diseases and the effect of the pandemic on the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for these diseases with a special focus on how current practices have changed and what changes will possibly remain in the future.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver disease Gastroenterology practice Endoscopy

α2-Heremans-schmid glycoprotein(fetuin A)downregulation and its utility in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第3期23卷 437-446页

作者： Anastassios C Manolakis Gregory Christodoulidis Andreas N Kapsoritakis panagiotis Georgoulias Elisavet K Tiaka Kostas oikonomou Varvara J Spyros P Potamianos Department of Gastroenterology University of ThessalySchool of Medicine41110 LarissaGreece Department of Surgery University of ThessalySchool of Medicine41110 LarissaGreece Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine University of ThessalySchool of Medicine41110 LarissaGreece

AIM To investigate the impact of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on α2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein(AHSG/fetuin A) and potential associations with disease and patient *** AHSG serum levels were determined in treatment-na?ve newly-diagnosed patients, 96 with ulcerative colitis(UC), 84 with Crohn's disease (CD), 62 with diarrheapredominant or mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS, D- and M- types) and 180 healthy controls (HC), by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).All patients were followed for a minimum period of 3 years at the Gastroenterology Department of the University Hospital of Larissa, Greece. C-reactive protein(CRP), anti-glycan antibodies, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies Ig G, anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies Ig G, anti-laminariobioside carbohydrate antibodies Ig G and anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies Ig A were also determined via immunonephelometry and ELISA, *** The mean ± SE of serum AHSG, following adjustment for confounders, was 0.32 ± 0.02 g/L in IBD, 0.32 ± 0.03 g/L in CD and 0.34 ± 0.03 g/L in UC patients, significantly lower than in IBS patients(0.7 ± 0.018 g/L) and HC (0.71 ± 0.02 g/L) (P < 0.0001, in all cases). AHSG levels were comparable between the CD and UC groups. Based on AHSG levels IBD patients could be distinguished from HC with about 90% sensitivity and specificity. Further adjusted analysis verified the inverse association between AHSG and penetrating, as well as stricturing CD (partial correlation coefficient: -0.45 and -0.33, respectively) (P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, inverse correlations between AHSG and CRP and the need for anti-TNFα therapy or surgery, were found (partial correlation coefficients:-0.31,-0.33,-0.41, respectively, P < 0.05, in all cases). Finally, IBD individuals who were seropositive, for at least one marker, had AHSG levels falling within the two lower quartiles (OR = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.5-5.44, P < 0.001) while

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Irritable bowel syndrome Fetuin A

Ternary supramolecular quantum-dot network flocculation for selective lectin detection

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 1904-1912页

作者： Maria oikonomou Junyou Wang Rui Rijo Carvalho Aldrik H. Velders Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology WageningenUR Dreijenplein 6 6703 HB Wageningen the Netherlands Micronit Microfluidics B.V. Colosseum 15 7521 PV Enschede the Netherlands Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center 2333 ZA Leiden the Netherlands

We present a versatile, tuneable, and selective nanoparficle-based lectin biosensor, based on flocculation of ternary supramolecular nanoparticle networks （NPN）, formed through the sequential binding of three building blocks. The three building blocks are ^-cyclodextrin-capped CdTe quantum dots, tetraethylene glycol-tethered mannose-adamantane cross-linkers （ADTEGMan）, and the tetravalent lectin Concanavalin A （ConA）. The working principle of this selective sensor lies in the dual orthogonal molecular interactions of the linker, uniting adamantane-^-cyclodextrin and mannose-lectin interaction motifs, respectively. Only when the lectin is present, sequential binding takes place, leading to in situ self-organization of the sensor through the formation of ternary supramolecular networks. Monitoring the loss of fluorescence signal of the quantum dots in solution, caused by controlled network formation and consecutive flocculation and sedimentation, leads to selective, qualitative, and quantitative lectin detection. Fluorescent sedimented networks can be observed by the naked eye or under UV illumination for a lectin concentration of up to 10 8 M. Quantitative detection is possible at 100 min with a lower detection limit of approximately 5 × 10 ^-8 M.

关键词： supramolecular cyclodextrin quantum dot sensor lectin flocculation

Fecal DNA testing for colorectal cancer screening:molecular targets and perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第10期7卷 178-183页

作者： Amaninder Dhaliwal panagiotis J Vlachostergios Katerina G oikonomou Yitzchak Moshenyat Department of Medicine NYU Lutheran Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology NYU Lutheran Medical Center

The early detection of colorectal cancer with effective screening is essential for reduction of cancer-specific mortality. The addition of fecal DNA testing in the armamentarium of screening methods already in clinical use launches a new era in the noninvasive part of colorectal cancer screening and emanates from a large number of previous and ongoing clinical investigations and technological advancements. In this review, we discuss the molecular rational and most important genetic alterations hallmarking the early colorectal carcinogenesis process. Also, representative DNA targets-markers and key aspects of their testing at the clinical level in comparison or/and association with other screening methods are described. Finally, a critical view of the strengths and limitations of fecal DNA tests is provided, along with anticipated barriers and suggestions for further exploitation of their use.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Fecal DNA Cologuard^(■) Adenoma