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The health and economic benefits of the global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (2000–2014)

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 453-471页

作者： Hugo C.Turner Alison A.Bettis Brian K.Chu Deborah A.McFarland pamela j.hooper Eric A.Ottesen Mark H.Bradley London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research LondonUK Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology School of Public HealthFaculty of MedicineSt Marys CampusImperial College LondonNorfolk PlaceLondon W21PGUK Neglected Tropical Diseases Support Center Task Force for Global HealthDecaturGAUSA Rollins School of Public Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA. Global Health Programs GlaxoSmithKlineLondonUK

Background:Lymphatic filariasis(LF),also known as elephantiasis,is a neglected tropical disease(NTD)targeted for elimination through a Global Programme to Eliminate LF(GPELF).Between 2000 and 2014,the GPELF has delivered 5.6 billion treatments to over 763 million *** the estimated health and economic benefits of this significant achievement is important in justifying the resources and investment needed for eliminating ***:We combined previously established models to estimate the number of clinical manifestations and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)averted from three benefit cohorts(those protected from acquiring infection,those with subclinical morbidity prevented from progressing and those with clinical disease alleviated).The economic savings associated with this disease prevention was then analysed in the context of prevented medical expenses incurred by LF clinical patients,potential income loss through lost-labour,and prevented costs to the health system to care for affected *** indirect cost estimates were calculated using the human capital approach.A combination of four wage sources was used to estimate the fair market value of time for an agricultural worker with LF infection(to ensure a conservative estimate,the lowest wage value was used).Results:We projected that due to the first 15 years of the GPELF 36 million clinical cases and 175(116–250)million DALYs will potentially be *** was estimated that due to this notable health impact,US$100.5 billion will potentially be saved over the lifetimes of the benefit *** total amount results from summing the medical expenses incurred by LF patients(US$3 billion),potential income loss(US$94 billion),and costs to the health system(US$3.5 billion)that were projected to be *** results were subjected to sensitivity analysis and were most sensitive to the assumed percentage of work hours lost for those suffering from chronic disease(changing the total economic

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis DALYs averted Health impact Economic impact GPELF Programme evaluation

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Iron regulatory protein 1: the deadly switch of ferroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 477-478页

作者： Daniel A.Bórquez pamela j.Urrutia Center for Biomedical Research Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Diego PortalesSantiagoChile Institute of Nutrition&Food Technology(INTA) Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism SantiagoChile

Ferroptosis,an iron-dependent cell death:Ferroptosis is a type of regulated necrosis,characterized by redox-active iron accumulation and increased free radical production derived by Fenton chemistry,that triggers oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids,loss of cellular membranes integrity,and leakage of intracellular contents.

关键词： integrity switch Iron

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Pregnancy stressors and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety:the moderating role of a cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)intervention

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 112-121页

作者： Yunxiang Sun Soim Park Abid Malik Najia Atif Ahmed Zaidi Atif Rahman pamela j Surkan Department of International Health Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Public Mental Health Health Services AcademyIslamabadPakistan Human Development Research Foundation RawalpindiPakistan Department of Primary Care and Mental Health Institute of Population HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Background Little is known about the association between stressors(especially positive stressors)during pregnancy and postpartum depression and *** We investigated the association between positive and negative stress events during different stages of pregnancy and postpartum mental health outcomes among low-income pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in Pakistan and evaluated whether an intervention based on cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT)had a regulatory *** Participants were 621 pregnant Pakistani women with mild *** the Pregnancy Experience Scale-Brief Version,six scores were created to assess positive and negative *** performed a multivariate linear regression to examine whether these six scores,measured both at baseline and in the third trimester,were associated with postpartum anxiety and depressive *** effect of the intervention on this relationship was examined by adding an interaction term to the regression *** Hassles frequency measured in the third trimester was positively associated with depression(B=0.22,95%confidence interval(Cl):0.09 to 0.36)and anxiety(B=0.19,95%Cl:0.08to 0.30).At the same timepoint,uplifts intensity was negatively associated with symptoms of depression(B=-0.82,95%Cl:1.46 to-0.18)and anxiety(B=-0.70,95%Cl:-1.25 to-0.15),whereas hassles intensity was positively related to symptoms of depression(B=1.02,95%Cl:0.36 to 1.67)and anxiety(B=0.90,95%Cl:0.34 to 1.47).The intensity ratio of hassles to uplifts reported in the third trimester was positively related to both depression(B=1.40,95%Cl:0.59 to 2.20)and anxiety(B=1.26,95%Cl:0.57 to 1.96).The intervention strengthened the overall positive effects of uplfts and the negative effects of *** experiences at baseline during early pregnancy to mid-pregnancy were not associated with mental health *** Stressors in the third trimester but not earlier in pregnancy were associated with postpartum symptoms

关键词： postpartum stress behaviour

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Iron,the endolysosomal system and neuroinflammation:a matter of balance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1003-1004页

作者： Daniel A.Bórquez pamela j.Urrutia Marco T.Núñez Center for Biomedical Research Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Diego PortalesSantiagoChile Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile

Iron accumulation and neuroinflammation are cardinal features of many neurodegenerative diseases(Urrutia et al.,2021).However,the hierarchy in the pathogenic mechanisms and the molecular connections between these proc... 详细信息

关键词： Iron system showing

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茉莉花上的一种外寄生根线虫

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南京农业大学学报 1990年第A4期13卷 49-52页

作者：林茂松 David j.hooper 南京农业大学植物保护学系英国洛桑试验站昆虫和线虫系

调查江苏南京、苏州和扬州市郊盆栽茉莉花根际土样66份,矮化线虫的出现机率分别为86%,87%和100%。5～10年生,植株衰退,长势差的茉莉花,每100ml 湿土样中的虫量一般在1000条以上。根据该线虫的主要形态特征和测计数据,鉴定为 Tylenchorhy... 详细信息

调查江苏南京、苏州和扬州市郊盆栽茉莉花根际土样66份,矮化线虫的出现机率分别为86%,87%和100%。5～10年生,植株衰退,长势差的茉莉花,每100ml 湿土样中的虫量一般在1000条以上。根据该线虫的主要形态特征和测计数据,鉴定为 Tylenchorhynchus leviterminalis Siddiqi,Mukherjee etDasqupta,1982。用分离到的这种线虫,在水洋菜平板上接种扦插苗根部,结果表明,该线虫是茉莉花上的一种迁移性外寄生根线虫。

关键词：茉莉花矮化属矮化线虫形态鉴定外寄生根线虫

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滑刃线虫综述和滑刃属线虫种类

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植物检疫 1990年第5期4卷 362-369页

作者： David j.hooper 林茂松

滑刃目线虫是垫刃型食道,其食道是由口针、圆筒状食道前体部、有明显辐射状新月形瓣门的膨大肌肉质的中食道球和通常覆盖肠前端的食道腺组成。滑刃目线虫与垫刃目线虫的差异是,前者背食道腺管开口于中食道球腔前部,而不是食道前体部腔... 详细信息

滑刃目线虫是垫刃型食道,其食道是由口针、圆筒状食道前体部、有明显辐射状新月形瓣门的膨大肌肉质的中食道球和通常覆盖肠前端的食道腺组成。滑刃目线虫与垫刃目线虫的差异是,前者背食道腺管开口于中食道球腔前部,而不是食道前体部腔内。除一些昆虫寄生线虫外,滑刃目线虫的雌虫是蠕虫形。

关键词：食道球口针圆筒状交合伞交合刺子宫囊腺管开口辐射状乳突支刃型

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Pancreatic cancer survival trends in the US from 2001 to 2014:a CONCORD-3 study

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Cancer Communications 2023年第1期43卷 87-99页

作者： Maja Nikšić pamela Minicozzi Hannah K Weir Heather Zimmerman Maria j Schymura judith R Rees Michel P Coleman Claudia Allemani 无 Cancer Survival Group Department of Non-Communicable Disease EpidemiologyLondon School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineKeppel StreetLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre for Health Services Studies University of KentCanterbury CT27NFUK Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA 30333USA Montana Central Tumor Registry Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion BureauPO Box 2029511400 BroadwayHelenaMT 59620-2951USA Bureau of Cancer Epidemiology New York State Cancer RegistryNew York State Department of Health150 BroadwayAlbanyNY 12204-2719USA New Hampshire State Cancer Registry Norris Cotton Cancer Centerand Department of EpidemiologyGeisel School of MedicineDartmouth CollegeDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical CenterOne Medical Center DriveLebanonNH 03756USA Cancer Division University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust250 Euston RoadLondon NW12PGUK US CONCORDWorking Group

Background:Survival from pancreatic cancer is low *** the US,the 5-year relative survival has been slightly higher for women,whites and younger patients than for their counterparts,and differences in age and stage at diagnosis[Corrections added Nov 16,2022,after first online publication:a new affiliation is added to Maja Nikšić]may contribute to this *** aimed to examine trends in survival by race,stage,age and sex for adults(15-99 years)diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the ***:This population-based study included 399,427 adults registered with pancreatic cancer in 41 US state cancer registries during 2001-2014,with followup to December 31,*** estimated age-specific and age-standardized net survival at 1 and 5 ***:Overall,12.3%of patients were blacks,and 84.2%were *** 9.5%of patients were diagnosed with localized disease,but 50.5%were diagnosed at an advanced stage;slightly more among blacks,mainly among *** substantial changes were seen over time(2001-2003,2004-2008,2009-2014).In general,1-year net survival was higher in whites than in blacks(26.1%vs.22.1%during 2001-2003,35.1%vs.31.4%during 2009-2014).This difference was particularly evident among patients with localized disease(49.6%in whites vs.44.6%in blacks during 2001-2003,60.1%vs.55.3%during 2009-2014).The survival gap between blacks and whites with localized disease was persistent at 5 years after diagnosis,and it widened over time(from 24.0%vs.21.3%during 2001-2003 to 39.7%vs.31.0%during 2009-2014).The survival gap was wider among men than among ***:Gaps in 1-and 5-year survival between blacks and whites were persistent throughout 2001-2014,especially for patients diagnosed with a localized tumor,for which surgery is currently the only treatment modality with the potential for cure.

关键词： pancreatic cancer race/ethnicity stage net survival population-based cancer registries

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Luminometric Studies of Yeast Response to Complex Environmental Calcium Variations Demonstrate Sensing of External Calcium Ion Changes

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第9期12卷 555-567页

作者： Augustus C. Parker David A. Mintz Francisco j. Solis pamela A. Marshall School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State University Glendale USA

The response of yeast to sharp environmental increases in calcium concentration has been extensively studied. However, systematic studies of the response under more general changes are still lacking. Only limited exploration of cellular responses has been conducted where calcium concentration is decreased. This article describes a set of luminometric experiments that monitor the cytosolic calcium concentration under changing external concentration conditions. As a decrease in external calcium concentrations requires the use of large sample volumes, the experiments require the use of equipment adapted for this purpose. We describe the modification of commercial luminometric equipment to make the exploration possible. We explore the yeast cellular behavior when an increase in external calcium concentration is followed by a decrease in external calcium concentration. We compare these results with those from the case of a double pulse of concentration increase. Results from the experiment show that the first, concentration increasing pulse produces the well-known sharp increase in cytosolic calcium followed by calcium sequestration to return to a cytosolic concentration near its initial condition. Surprisingly, the calcium decrease step shows similar results with a cytosolic increase followed by a return to lower levels. The results suggest the presence of a calcium sensing mechanism regulating calcium influx from external sources. This mechanism would produce channel opening as a response to any changes in external concentration, be it an enhancement or a depletion.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae Calcium Homeostasis Extracellular Ion Changes

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Relationship between oxidative stress and hepatic glutathione levels in ethanol-mediated apoptosis of polarized hepatic cells

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2609-2616页

作者： Benita L McVicker pamela L Tuma Kusum K Kharbanda Serene ML Lee Dean j Tuma Liver Study Unit Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Biology The Catholic University of America Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center

AIM:To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in ethanol-mediated cell death of polarized hepatic(WIF-B) ***:In this work,WIF-B cultures were treated with pyrazole(inducer of cytochrome P4502E1,CYP2E1) and/or L-buthionine sulfoximine(BSO),a known inhibitor of hepatic glutathione(GSH),followed by evaluation of ROS production,antioxidant levels,and measures of cell injury(apoptosis and necrosis).RESULTS:The results revealed that ethanol treatment alone caused a significant two-fold increase in the activation of caspase-3 as well as a similar doubling in *** the activity of the CYP2E1 was increased by pyrazole pretreatment,an additional two-fold elevation in ROS was ***,the CYP2E1-related ROS elevation was not accompanied with a correlative increase in apoptotic cell injury,but rather was found to be associated with an increase in necrotic cell ***,when the thiol status of the cells was manipulated using BSO,the ethanol-induced activation of caspase-3 was ***,ethanol-treated cells displayed enhanced susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis that was blocked by GSH depletion as a result of diminished caspase-8 ***:Apoptotic cell death induced as a consequence of ethanol metabolism is not completely dependent upon ROS status but is dependent on sustained GSH levels.

关键词： Fas介导乙醇处理细胞凋亡谷胱甘肽肝细胞氧化应激 caspase 极化

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The role of Smad7 in oral mucositis

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Protein & Cell 2015年第3期6卷 160-169页

作者： Li Bian Gangwen Han Carolyn W. Zhao pamela j. Garl Xiao-jing Wang Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 650032 China Department of Pathology University of Colorado Anschutz. Medical Campus Aurora CO 80203 USA Department of Dermatology The Second Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250033 China

Oral mucositis, a severe oral ulceration, is a common toxic effect of radioor chemoradio-therapy and a limiting factor to using the maximum dose of radiation for effective cancer treatment. Among cancer patients, at least 40% and up to 70%, of individuals treated with standard chemotherapy regimens or upper-body radiation, develop oral mucositis. To date, there is no FDA approved drug to treat oral mucositis in cancer patients. The key challenges for oral mucositis treatment are to repair and protect ulcerated oral mucosa without promoting cancer cell growth. Oral mucositis is the result of complex, multifaceted pathobiology, involving a series of signaling pathways and a chain of interactions between the epithelium and submucosa. Among those pathways and interactions, the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） is critical to the inflamma- tion process of oral mucositis. We recently found that activation of TGFβ （transforming growth factor β） signaling is associated with the development of oral mucositis. Smad7, the negative regulator of TGFβ signaling, inhibits both NF-KB and TGFβ activation and thus plays a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis by attenuating growth inhibition, apoptosis, and inflammation while promoting epithelial migration. The major objective of this review is to evaluate the known functions of Smad7, with a particular focus on its molecular mechanisms and its function in blocking multiple pathological processes in oral mucositis.

关键词： Smad7 oral mucositis cancer TGFβ,NF-κB

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