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Significance of the balance between intracellular glutathione and polyethylene glycol for successful release of sm.ll interfering RNA from.gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2015年第10期8卷 3281-3292页

作者： m.rk m.Cully Yulan Hernandez Joao Conde Pedro V. Baptista Jesus m. de la Fuente Andrew Hursthouse David Stirling Catherine C. Berry CentreforCellEngineering UniversityofGlasgowGlasgowG128QQScotlandUK InstituteofNanoscienceofAragon UniversityofZaragozaZaragoza50018Spain m.ssachusettsInstituteofTechnology InstituteforMedicalEngineeringandScienceHarvard-MITDivisionforHealthSciencesandTechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts02139USA UCIBIo DepartamentodeCienciasdaVidaFaculdadedeCienciaseTecnologiaUniversidadeNovadeLisboaCampusdeCaparicaCaparica2829-516Portugal InstitutodeCienciadem.terialesdeAragon(ICm.) CSIC-UniversidaddeZaragozac/PedroCerbuna12Zaragoza50009Spain InstituteofNanoBiom.dicineandEngineering KeyLaboratoryforThinFilmandMicrofabricationTechnologyoftheMinistryofEducationResearchInstituteofTranslationMedicineShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityDongchuanRoad800Shanghai200240China SchoolofScience UniversityoftheWestofScotlandPaisleyPA12BEScotlandUK

The therapeutic prom.se of sm.ll interfering RNAs （siRNAs） for specific gene silencing is dependent on the successful delivery of functional siRNAs to the cytoplasm. Their conjugation to an established delivery platform. such as gold nanoparticles, offers trem.ndous potential for treating diseases and advancing our understanding of cellular processes. Their success or failure is dependent on both the uptake of the nanoparticles into the cells and subsequent intracellular release of the functional siRNA. In this study, utilizing gold nanoparticle siRNA-m.diated delivery against C-m.C, we aim.d to determ.ne if we could achieve knockdown in a cancer cell line with low levels of intracellular glutathione, and determ.ne the influence, if any, of polyethylene glycol （PEG） ligand density on knockdown, with a view to determ.ning the optim.l nanoparticle design to achieve C-m.C knockdown. We dem.nstrate that, regardless of the PEG density, knockdown in cells with relatively low glutathione levels can be achieved, as well as the possible effect of steric hindrance of PEG on the availability of the siRNA for cleavage in the intracellular environm.nt. Gold nanoparticle uptake was dem.nstrated via transm.ssion electron m.croscopy and m.ss spectroscopy, while knockdown was determ.ned at the protein and physiological levels （cells in S-phase） by in-cell westerns and BrdU incorporation, respectively.

关键词： gold nanoparticles PEG glutathione siRNA drug delivery

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Retrospective Review of Propofol versus Etom.date during Rapid Sequence Intubation in the Em.rgency Departm.nt at a Tertiary Academ.c Center

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Pharm.cology & Pharm.cy 2017年第7期8卷 231-241页

作者： m.gan A. Rocchio Katelyn Sylvester Nahal Beik Nicole m. Glasser paul m. Szum.ta Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Brigham and Women’s Hospital MA USA Center for Drug Policy Partners Health Care MA USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Crozer-Keystone Health System PA USA

Background: Etom.date is the standard induction agent used during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the em.rgency departm.nt (ED). Etom.date shortages require providers to utilize alternative agents. The purpose of this study is to com.0}re the safety and procedural outcom.1} of propofol and etom.date for RSI in the ED. m.thods: This was a retrospective chart review of adult patients in the ED who received propofol or etom.date for induction during RSI. The m.in endpoint was hypotension, defined as a systolic blood pressure m.Hg or diastolic blood pressure m.Hg, within the first hour of intubation. Tim. to intubation, intensive care unit length of stay, hospital length of stay, and in-hospital m.rtality were also evaluated. Results: Two hundred and seventy five patient charts were reviewed. of the 98 patients included, 43 patients received propofol and 55 patients received etom.date. Propofol was associated with an increased incidence of hypotension within the first hour of intubation (65.1% vs. 25.5%, p o difference was found in the tim. to intubation: ≤5 m.nutes (51.2% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.83). The m.rtality rate was 11.6% in the propofol group and 27.3% in the etom.date group (p = 0.004). There was no difference in hospital or intensive care unit length of stay between the propofol and etom.date groups (7.7 vs. 9.2 days, p = 0.23;4.2 vs. 6.3 days, p = 0.31). Conclusion: Propofol was a safe and procedurally effective induction agent for RSI. Com.0}red to etom.date, it was associated with an increased rate of hypotension within the first hour of intubation, with no difference in the percent of patients that required an intervention.

关键词： Rapid Sequence Intubation Etom.date Zropofol Safety Efficacy

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Experim.ntal and Theoretical Analysis of an optical Current Sensor for High Power System.

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第1期3卷 26-34页

作者： A. C. S. BRIGIDA I. m. NASCIm.NTo S. m.NDoNCA J. C. W. A. CoSTA m. A. G. m.RTINEZ, J. m. BAPTISTA,P. A. S. JoRGE J. C. W. A. CoSTA, m. A. G. m.RTINEZ, J. m. BAPTISTA J. m. BAPTISTA P.A.S. JoRGE INesC-TEC (coordinated by INesC Porto) Rua do Campo Alegre 687. 4169 007 Porto Portugal Universidade Federal do pará Belm Av. Augusto Correa 01 - Guamd-66075-110 Belém PA Brazil Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Ciēncias Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia Rua do Campo Alegre 687 4169-007 Porto Portugal Centro Federal de Educagāo Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca Rio de Janeiro Brazil Centro de Com.eténcias de Ciēncias Exactas e de Engenharia Universidade da Madeira Funchal Portugal

A m.gneto-optical sensor, using a dual quadrature polarim.tfic processing schem., was evaluated for current m.tering and protection applications in high voltage lines. Sensor calibration and resolution were obtained in different operational conditions using illum.nation in the 1550-nm.band. Results obtained indicated the feasibility of interrogating such sensor via the optical ground wire （oPGW） link installed in standard high power grids. The polarim.tric bulk optical current sensor also was theoretically studied, and the effects of different sources of error considering practical deploym.nt were evaluated. In particular, the interference from.external m.gnetic fields in a tree-phase system.was analyzed.

关键词： Fiber optic optical current sensor linear birefringence Faraday effect tree-phase system

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PNAS：科学焉已在蝙蝠机体中发现白血病病毒的史前祖先

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第11期17卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Helena Farkašová[a], Tom.š Hron[a], Jan pačes[b] pavel Hulva[c],[d] Petr Benda[c],[e] Robert Jam.1} Gifford[f], Daniel Elleder[a], [a]Laboratory of Viral and Cellular Genetics Institute of Molecular Genetics The Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 14220 Czech Republic [b]Laboratory of Genom.cs and Bioinform.tics Institute of Molecular Genetics The Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 14220 Czech Republic [c]Departm.nt of Zoology Charles University Prague 12844 Czech Republic [d]Departm.nt of Biology and Ecology University of Ostrava Ostrava 71000 Czech Republic [e]Departm.nt of Zoology National Museum (Natural History) Prague 11579 Czech Republic [f]m.C-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research Glasgow G12 8TA United Kingdom

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志PNAS上的研究报告中,来自格拉斯哥大学和捷克科学院的研究人员通过研究在蝙蝠的基因组中发现了引发罕见类型白血病的病毒家族的古老DNA痕迹。

关键词：白血病病毒科学院蝙蝠祖先机体研究人员 DNA 基因组

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WebPIpa （Web Based paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessm.nt）： An online Irrigation Water Supply m.nagem.nt for Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Schem. （TAKRIS）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第5期4卷 87-94页

作者： T. J. Deepak m. S. m. Am.n Rashid Shariff Rahm.n Ram.i Departm.nt of Biological ＆ Agricultural Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang 43400 Malaysia Departm.nt of Com.uter ＆ Com.unication System Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang 43400 Malaysia

Irrigation water m.nagem.nt has significant econom.c im.lications in developing countries like m.laysia. As in m.ny countries, m.laysia is also espousing internet as a platform.of new possibilities for inform.tion access and sharing. Thus web based decision tools are pertinent in m.naging water, which is becom.ng a source of conflict between dom.0}tic, industry and agricultural use in this em.rging technological and inform.tion age. Decision Support System.（DSS） created in the past was theoretically acceptable but practically not effective in the transfer of scientific knowledge from.research labs to the end-users to support them.in decision m.king. The Web Based paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessm.nt （WebPIpa） is an exam.le of DSS created to provide an effective conduit for the transfer of scientific knowledge from.research labs to the end-users to support them.in decision m.king. WebPIpa serves as an innovative, user friendly and efficient m.nagem.nt tool for run-of-river rice irrigation system. It is a web based program.that requires users to login through user nam. and password WebPIpa is developed using Net fram.work and ASP. Net Program.ing Languages of m.crosoft. Net 2003 environm.nt. A 3-tier architecture fram.work was carefully studied and was im.lem.nted to create the WebP1pa m.del. m.them.tical m.del developed for aiding irrigation decisions m.st be oriented towards addressing various issues in addition to the scientific ones for better acceptability. All governm.nt and private agencies, researchers, station users, farm.rs, investors and buyers related to this study area will be able to access and share the database through the internet. By strengthening the involvem.nt of governm.nt departm.nts, the database can be very effectively used by all stakeholders at the sam. tim. narrowing the gap between the urban and rural com.unities in the developm.nt of country.

关键词： WebPIpa (Web Based paddy Irrigation Productivity Assessm.nt) Internet rice granary DSS (Decision SupportSystem..

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Adult patient Doses for Chest, Skull and Lum.ar Spine Exam.nations

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open Journal of Radiology 2015年第1期5卷 44-49页

作者： Kouther E. m. m.0}m.dain F. I. Habbani S. m. Ibrahim Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Sudan University of Scienceand Technology Khartoum Sudan Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Khartoum University Khartoum Sudan Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Gassim University Qassim Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A dosim.try study for chest, skull and lum.ar spine exam.nations in adults has been carried out at two hospitals. The aim.of the study was the assessm.nt of adult patient’s dose for chest pa, chest LAT, skull AP and lum.ar spine AP exam.nations. The Entrance Surface Dose (esD) and the Effective Dose (ED) for each exam.nation were obtained using DoseCal software. For each exam.nation, different results were obtained at the two hospitals. At hospital A (IFF Hospital), the total num.er of patients studied was 140. The m.an esD values obtained for chest pa, chest LAT, skull AP and lum.ar spine AP were 0.20 m.y, 0.47 m.y, 1.25 m.y, and 1.61 m.y, respectively. At hospital B (HGB Hospital), the total num.er of patients studied was 369 for sim.lar exam.nations and projections. The esD values were 0.10 m.y, 0.28 m.y, 0.66 m.y and 2.47 m.y, respectively. The m.an ED values at hospital A and B were 0.02 m.v and 0.01 m.v for chest pa, 0.04 m.v and 0.03 m.v for chest LAT, 0.1 m.v and 0.06 m.v for skull AP, and 0.15 m.v and 0.26 m.v for lum.ar spine AP, respectively. The results were com.2}red with the European Com.unity Reference Levels. Although the doses were low, there was still a need for personnel training and national guidance on good practice for optim.zation of patients’ doses.

关键词： Entrance Dose Effective Dose Dose Cal Software

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Design of Hanm.n Entropy Network from.Radial Basis Function Network

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Journal of m.dern Physics 2019年第13期10卷 1505-1521页

作者： m. Hanm.ndlu Rao Shivansh Shantaram.Vasikarla CSE Departm.nt m.SR Engg. College Nadergul Hyderabad India Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA CSE Departm.nt California State University Northridge CA USA

Different learning algorithm. have been developed in the literature for training the radial basis function network (RBFN). In this paper, a new neural network nam.d as Hanm.n Entropy Network (HEN) is developed from.RBFN based on the Inform.tion set theory that deals with the representation of possibilistic uncertainty in the attribute/property values term.d as inform.tion source values. The param.ters of both HEN and RBFN are learned using a new learning algorithm.called JAYA that solves the constrained and unconstrained optim.zation problem. and is bereft of algorithm.specific param.ters. The perform.nce of HEN is shown to be superior to that of RBFN on four datasets. The advantage of HEN is that it can use both inform.tion source values and their m.m.ership values in several ways whereas RBFN uses only the m.m.ership function values.

关键词： RBFN HEN Gradient Descent (GD) Pseudo-Inverse JAYA

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High Density Fluorine Negative-Ion Source Generated by Utilizing m.gnetized SF<sub>6</sub>

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Journal of m.dern Physics 2014年第2期5卷 89-91页

作者： m. Abid Im.iaz Tetsu m.eno Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Shizuoka University Shizuoka-shi Japan

In a m.gnetized plasm. colum. generated from.an electronegative gas, negative-ions accum.late around the plasm. colum. via radial diffusion. In this study, a dc discharge is applied in SF6 gas to produce a plasm. colum., and the radial density profile of negative-ions is m.asured by Langm.ir probes using the m.dified Bohm.criterion. The gas pressure and discharge current dependences of negative-ion density are also m.asured. It is found that the negative-ion density of 8.0 × 1017 m.3 is obtained around the plasm. colum. at r = 1.0 cm.when SF6 pressure is 0.13 pa and discharge current is 0.50 A. The negative-ion density has radial gradient, and the electron density is m.ch lower in this region.

关键词： Fluorine Negative-Ion Ion Source String-Type Plasm. Radial Diffusion Langm.ir Probe m.gnetized Plasm. Sulfur Hexafluoride

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Which stressors are responsible for the worsening in the clinical sym.tom.tology of lupus?

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Health 2009年第4期1卷 313-319页

作者： m. I. Peralta-Ram.rez J. Jim.nez-Alonso m. Pérez-García Departm.nt of Clinical Psychology School of Psychology University of Granada System.c Autoim.une Disease Unit University Hospital "Virgen de las Nieves"

objective: The purpose of this study was to test which stressors worsen the sym.tom. perceived by patients with lupus, thus broadening and corroborating results obtained in a previous study published in Psychosom.tic m.dicine. m.thods: In order to exam.ne this question, we selected 43 patients with lupus whose sym.-tom. worsened due to the effects of daily stress. These patients were divided into two groups: patients whose increase in clinical lupus sym.-tom.tology was predicted by an increase in daily stressors on the sam. day (G1) and pa-tients whose increase in clinical lupus sym.-tom.tology was predicted by an increase in daily stressors the day before and the sam. day (G2). Later, three factorial analyses were con-ducted with the item. related to stressors and the item. related to lupic sym.tom.. Results: The results showed that in G1 there were three factors that m.de up a total of 35.08% of the explained variance. The stressors associated with certain sym.tom. of the illness in this group are feeling ill or being worried about their physical appearance, with the m.in stressor being the illness itself. However, in G2, two factors were found that m.de up a total of 40.37% of the explained variance for lag=0 and 38.67% for lag=1. The stressors associated with the m.jority of the lupus sym.tom. are of an interpersonal and work-related nature. This as-sociation was m.intained when we carried out the factorial analyses with the item. of the sym.tom. from.the following day. Conclusions: The interpersonal and work-related stressors are related to a worsening in the m.jority of the lupic sym.tom. in the patients whose sym.to-m.tology worsens as a result of daily stress experienced the day before.

关键词： Daily Stress Interpersonal Stressor Work-Related Stressors System.c Lupus Erythem.tosus

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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the gut–brain axis

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2021年第2期18卷 259-268页

作者： Andreia Barroso João Vitor m.hler Pedro Henrique Fonseca-Castro Francisco J.Quintana Ann Rom.ey Center for Neurologic Diseases Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Faculdade de m.dicina Fm.SP Universidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil Broad Institute of m.T and Harvard CambridgeMAUSA

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AHR)is a ligand-activated transcription factor initially identified as the receptor for *** half a century after its discovery,AHR is now recognized as a receptor for m.ltiple physiological ligands,with im.ortant roles in health and *** this review,we discuss the role of AHR in the gut–brain axis and its potential value as a therapeutic target for im.une-m.diated diseases.

关键词： Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Autoim.une diseases Infectious diseases cancer

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