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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 751-753页

作者： Can Li Praveen Prakhar jung-Hyun park Experimental Immunology Branch Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA

All T cells require cytokine signaling for their development and maintenance, and CD8αα^(+) IEL T cells are noted for their requirement for IL-15 [8]. This IL-15 dependency was demonstrated by the paucity of CD8αα^(+) T cells among SI IELs in Il15–/– mice (Fig. 1d and Fig. S1a). However, the cytokine requirements of CD8αα^(+)CD4^(+) T cells are currently unclear. Because of the shared phenotype of CD8αα expression with CD8αα^(+) IELs, we postulated that CD4^(+)CD8αα^(+) IELs would also depend on IL-15.

关键词： CD8α cytokine cytokines

Spectral Dependence on the Correction Factor of Erythemal UV for Cloud, Aerosol, Total Ozone, and Surface Properties: A Modeling Study

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第7期33卷 865-874页

作者： Sang Seo park Yeonjin jung Yun Gon LEE Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei University Department of Atmospheric Sciences Chungnam National University

Radiative transfer modal simulations were used to investigate the erythemal ultraviolet （EUV） correction factors by separating the UV-A and UV-B spectral ranges. The correction factor was defined as the ratio of EUV caused by changing the amounts and characteristics of the extinction and scattering materials. The EUV correction factors （CFEUV） for UV-A [CFEUV（A）] and UV-B [CFEUV（B）] were affected by changes in the total ozone, optical depths of aerosol and cloud, and the solar zenith angle. The differences between CFEUV（A） and CFEUV（B） were also estimated as a function of solar zenith angle, the optical depths of aerosol and cloud, and total ozone. The differences between CFEUV（A） and CFEUV（B） ranged from -5.0% to 25.0% for aerosols, and from -9.5% to 2.0% for clouds in all simulations for different solar zenith angles and optical depths of aerosol and cloud. The rate of decline of CFEUV per unit optical depth between UV-A and UV-B differed by up to 20% for the same aerosol and cloud conditions. For total ozone, the variation in CFEUV（A） was negligible compared with that in CFEUV（B） because of the effective spectral range of the ozone absorption band. In addition, the sensitivity of the CFEUVs due to changes in surface conditions （i.e., surface albedo and surface altitude） was also estimated by using the model in this study. For changes in surface albedo, the sensitivity of the CFEUVs was 2.9%-4.1% per 0.1 albedo change, depending on the amount of aerosols or clouds. For changes in surface altitude, the sensitivity of CFEUV（B） was twice that of CFEUV（A）, because the Rayleigh optical depth increased significantly at shorter wavelengths.

关键词： Erythemal UV correction factor UV-A UV-B

Nonlinear Electrical Impedance Tomography Method Using a Complete Electrode Model for the Characterization of Heterogeneous Domains

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第3期134卷 1707-1735页

作者： Jeongwoo park Bong-Gu jung Jun Won Kang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoul04066Korea

This paper presents an electrical impedance tomography(EIT)method using a partial-differential-equationconstrained optimization *** forward problem in the inversion framework is described by a complete electrodemodel(CEM),which seeks the electric potential within the domain and at surface electrodes considering the contact impedance between *** finite element solution of the electric potential has been validated using a commercial *** inverse medium problem for reconstructing the unknown electrical conductivity profile is formulated as an optimization problem constrained by the *** method seeks the optimal solution of the domain’s electrical conductivity to minimize a Lagrangian functional consisting of a least-squares objective functional and a regularization *** the stationarity of the Lagrangian leads to state,adjoint,and control problems,which constitute the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)first-order optimality ***,the electrical conductivity profile of the domain is iteratively updated by solving the KKT conditions in the reduced space of the control *** results show that the relative error of the measured and calculated electric potentials after the inversion is less than 1%,demonstrating the successful reconstruction of heterogeneous electrical conductivity profiles using the proposed EIT *** method thus represents an application framework for nondestructive evaluation of structures and geotechnical site characterization.

关键词： Electrical impedance tomography complete electrode model inverse medium problem Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)optimality conditions nondestructive evaluation of structures

Anti-obesity Effects of Ginsenosides in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第12期25卷 895-901页

作者： Hyun-jung park Ji Hyun Kim Insop Shim Department of Physiology College of MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul(130-701)Republic of Korea Department of Food Science&Biotechnology College of Science and EngineeringSuwon-si(16227)Republic of Korea

Objective: To examine the anti-obesity effects of ginsenosides in Korea Red Ginseng(KRG, Panax ginseng) in rats fed with a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods: Twenty-five 4-week-old obesity rats after receiving an HFD for 5 weeks;subsequently, they were additionally treated with ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, Rg1, or Re(10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) for a further 3 weeks(n=5 in each group). The control rats were fed a normal diet. The food consumption, body weight, locomotor activity, serum lipids, adipose tissues, nitric oxide(NO) expression, leptin, neuropeptide Y(NPY), cholecystokinin(CCK) in the brains were measured. Results: In the HFD-fed rats, body weight, body fat mass, serum levels of leptin and NO were significantly higher than in the control rats(P<0.05 or P<0.01). However, the treatment of Rd, Re, and Rb1 markedly decreased body fat mass and body weight(P<0.05). The serum level of leptin and NO in ginsenoside-treated rats were markedly lower than the control group(P<0.01). The expression of NPY and CCK in the hypothalamic nuclei showed insignificant difference among groups. However, the expression of NPY immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus was significantly reduced in the Rb1-treated group(P<0.05). Conclusion: PD-type ginsenoside Rb1 from the crude saponins of KRG may be a useful compound for the treatment of obesity and related disorders through the modulation of peripheral and central appetite-regulating signals.

关键词： Panax ginseng ginsenosides hypothalamus obesity

Machine Learning-Based Two-Stage Data Selection Scheme for Long-Term Influenza Forecasting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 2945-2959页

作者： Jaeuk Moon Seungwon jung Sungwoo park Eenjun Hwang School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul02841Korea

One popular strategy to reduce the enormous number of illnesses and deaths from a seasonal influenza pandemic is to obtain the influenza vaccine on ***,vaccine production preparation must be done at least six months in advance,and accurate long-term influenza forecasting is essential for *** diverse machine learning models have been proposed for influenza forecasting,they focus on short-term forecasting,and their performance is too dependent on input *** a country’s longterm influenza forecasting,typical surveillance data are known to be more effective than diverse external data on the *** propose a two-stage data selection scheme for worldwide surveillance data to construct a longterm forecasting model for influenza in the target *** the first stage,using a simple forecasting model based on the country’s surveillance data,we measured the change in performance by adding surveillance data from other countries,shifted by up to 52 *** the second stage,for each set of surveillance data sorted by accuracy,we incrementally added data as input if the data have a positive effect on the performance of the forecasting model in the first *** the selected surveillance data,we trained a new longterm forecasting model for influenza and perform influenza forecasting for the target *** conducted extensive experiments using six machine learning models for the three target countries to verify the effectiveness of the proposed *** report some of the results.

关键词： Influenza data selection machine learning forecasting

Single-step Preparation of Nano-homogeneous NiO/YSZ Composite Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第2期5卷 111-116页

作者： jung-Hoon Song Mi Young park Hye Won park Hyung-Tae Lim Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) Fuel Cell Project Changwon National University School of Nano & Advanced Materials Engineering

Homogeneous co-precipitation and hydrothermal treatment were used to prepare nano- and highly dispersed Ni O/YSZ(yttria-stabilized zirconia) composite powders. Composite powders of size less than 100 nm were successfully prepared. This process did not require separate sintering of the YSZ and Ni O to be used as the raw materials for solid oxide fuel cells. The performance of a cell fabricated using the new powders(*** density ~0.87 W/cm^2) was higher than that of a cell fabricated using conventional powders(max. power density ~0.73 W/cm^2). Co-precipitation and hydrothermal treatment proved to be very effective processes for reducing cell production costs as well as improving cell performance.

关键词： Fuel cells Powder processing Electrochemistry Hydrothermal process NiO/YSZ composite anode

Structural,Sintering and Electrical Properties of Cr-doped La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Cr_xFe_(1-x)O_(3-δ)(x=0.10,0.20) Oxides

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第7期28卷 654-660页

作者： LinlinZhu Jong Pyo Kim Sou Hwan Son jung Hoon park State Key SLaboratory of Catalysis.Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese~Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China Greenhouse Gas Research Center Climate Change Technology Research Division Korea Institute of Energy ResearchDaejeon 305-343 Korea College of Chemistry and Materials Science Liaoning University of Petroleum and Chemical Technology Fushun113001 China

The perovskite Cr-doped La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ （x=0.10, 0.20） oxides were synthesized via the citrate gel method. The perovskite forming of the Lao.6Sr0.4CrxFel-xO3-δ （x=0.10, 0.20） oxides were studied by ther- mogravimetric analysis （TG）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Structural and chemical stability under H2-containing helium atmospheres of Lao.6Sro.4CrxFel-xO3-δ （x=0.10, 0.20） were investigated by TG and XRD. The sintering microstructures of the perovskite Lao.6Sr0.4Cr2Fel-xO3-δ （x--0.10, 0.20） ceramics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the electrical conduc- tivities of both oxide ceramics were also measured up to 900℃. The results demonstrated that the chemical stability of the Co-free ***.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ （x=0.10, 0.20） oxides was significantly improved compared to the Co-containing Lao.6Sr0.4C00.2Fe0.8O3-δ and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ oxides. The incorporation of Cr cations in the B-site of the pervoskite oxides resulted in the improved structural and chemical stability of the as-synthesized Lao.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ （x=0.10, 0.20） oxides.

关键词： Perovskite Crystal structure Sintering Electrical conductivity

An estimation of vehicle kilometer traveled and on-road emissions using the traffic volume and travel speed on road links in Incheon City

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第4期29卷 90-100页

作者： Sungwoon jung Jounghwa Kim Jeongsoo Kim Dahee Hong Dongjoo park Transportation Pollution Research Center National Institute of Environmental Research Center for Korea Transport Database The Korea Transport Institute Department of Transportation Engineering University of Seoul

The objective of this study is to estimate the vehicle kilometer traveled（VKT） and on-road emissions using the traffic volume in urban. We estimated two VKT; one is based on registered vehicles and the other is based on traffic volumes. VKT for registered vehicles was 2.11 times greater than that of the applied traffic volumes because each VKT estimation method is different. Therefore, we had to define the inner VKT is moved VKT inner in urban to compare two values. Also, we focused on freight modes because these are discharged much air pollutant emissions. From analysis results, we found middle and large trucks registered in other regions traveled to target city in order to carry freight, target city has included many industrial and logistics areas. Freight is transferred through the harbors,large logistics centers, or via locations before being moved to the final destination. During this process, most freight is moved by middle and large trucks, and trailers rather than small trucks for freight import and export. Therefore, these trucks from other areas are inflow more than registered vehicles. Most emissions from diesel trucks had been overestimated in comparison to VKT from applied traffic volumes in target city. From these findings, VKT is essential based on traffic volume and travel speed on road links in order to estimate accurately the emissions of diesel trucks in target city. Our findings support the estimation of the effect of on-road emissions on urban air quality in Korea.

关键词： Vehicle kilometer traveled On-road emissions Traffic volume Travel speed Diesel trucks

Influence of the preparation method on the catalytic activity of Mg-Al hydrotalcites as solid base catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第3期4卷 287-292页

作者： Sungjae park Dahye Kwon Ji Yeon Kang Ji Chul jung Department of Chemical Engineering Myongji University

Mg-Al hydrotalcites were synthesized using different preparation methods(a co-precipitation method, a urea method, and a simple one) to analyze their effect on the catalytic activity of these solid base catalysts. The method strongly affected the structure of their layers(e.g., the growth and stacking of the layers, and the type of intercalated anions) and, accordingly, their catalytic activity. The Mg-Al hydrotalcite prepared by co-precipitation showed the best catalytic performance in the isomerization of glucose into fructose, due to the small crystallite size and sand rose morphology enhancing the exposure of surface active sites to reactants.

关键词： Mg-Al hydrotalcite Preparation method Base catalyst Glucose isomerization Fructose

Solar-harvesting lead halide perovskite for artificial photosynthesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 11-26,I0001页

作者： Sunje Lee Gyu Yong Jang jung Kyu Kim Jong Hyeok park Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066 Seobu‐roJangan‐guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Facing the upcoming energy and environmental crisis, artificial photosynthesis for producing various solar fuels (e.g., hydrogen or carbon products) via a solar-to-chemical energy conversion is receiving increasing attention;however, its low conversion efficiency is a challenge for commercialization. To resolve low-efficiency issues, lead halide perovskite (LHP) with outstanding optoelectronic properties compared to conventional semiconductors can be a promising approach to improve the solar-to-fuel conversion reactions and solar fuel production efficiency. The tunable energy band structure and charge transport properties of LHP have promoted their extensive use in the production of solar fuels. This study summarizes the recent advancements of LHP-mediated solar-to-fuel conversions, classified by their redox reactions, namely solar water splitting, hydrohalic acid splitting, and CO_(2) reduction. Advanced approaches for achieving high conversion efficiency and long-term durability are discussed, including the configuration of devices, the composition of LHP, and the protection strategy of LHP. Moreover, the reaction mechanisms of LHP-mediated solar-to-chemical energy conversions and obstacles for enhancing the conversion efficiency are discussed. Finally, we present the perspectives on the development of LHP-incorporated solar-to-fuel conversion systems, which might open a new era of energy harvesting and storage.

关键词： Perovskite Photocatalytic reaction Photoelectrochemistry Photovoltaic Water splitting HI splitting CO_(2)reduction