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Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance Quality,and Yield in Aromatic Rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 328-342,I0046-I0054页

作者： HONG Weiyuan DUAN Meiyang WANG Yifei CHEN Yongjian MO Zhaowen QI Jianying pan shenggang TANG Xiangru State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice Guangzhou 510642China

Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic rice.Field experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer concentration.At the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan.The results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and grains.Compared with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,respectively.Improvements in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also detected.Additionally,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the CK.Meanwhile,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain yields.The linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between treatments.The correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and yield.Overall,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method to enrich the iodine content in rice grains,impro

关键词： 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline appearance quality aromatic rice foliar application grain yield iodine

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Epoxiconazole Improved Photosynthesis,Yield Formation,Grain Quality and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice

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Rice science 2022年第2期29卷 189-196页

作者： LUO Haowen HE Longxin DU Bin pan shenggang MO Zhaowen YANG Shuying ZOU Yingbin TANG Xiangru State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice Guangzhou 510642China College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

Epoxiconazole is a triazole compound.However,the effects of epoxiconazole on crop productivity and quality were rarely reported.In this study,we investigated the effects of epoxiconazole application on yield formation,grain quality attributes,and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in fragrant rice.A three-year field experiment was carried out with a fragrant rice variety,Meixiangzhan 2.At the heading stage,0,0.02,0.04,0.08,0.16 and 0.32 g/L epoxiconazole solutions were foliar applied to fragrant rice plants,respectively.The results showed that epoxiconazole application significantly increased grain yield,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight.Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of fragrant rice during the grain-filling stage significantly increased due to epoxiconazole application.Foliar application of epoxiconazole at 0.08 g/L increased grain protein content and decreased both chalky rice rate and chalkiness area ratio of fragrant rice.Epoxiconazole also substantially increased grain 2-AP content by inducing the regulation in contents of related synthetic precursors,including proline,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,Δ1-pyrroline and methylglyoxal.Overall,foliar application of epoxiconazole could be used for the improvement in grain yield,grain quality and 2-AP content in fragrant rice production when applied concentration at 0.08-0.32 g/L.Our findings provided the new roles of epoxiconazole in crop production.

关键词： epoxiconazole fragrant rice 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline yield formation grain quality

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Nitrogen Deep Placement Combined with Straw Mulch Cultivation Enhances Physiological Traits,Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice

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Rice science 2022年第1期29卷 89-100,I0031页

作者： LI Lin ZHANG Zheng TIAN Hua Umair ASHRAF Yousef Alhaj HAMOUD Al Aasmi ALAA TANG Xiangru DUAN Meiyang WANG Zaiman pan shenggang State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510642China Department of Botany Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore 54770Pakistan College of Agricultural Science and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering South China Agriculture UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510642China

To assess the effects of straw return coupled with deep nitrogen(N)fertilization on grain yield and N use efficiency(NUE)in mechanical pot-seedling transplanting(MPST)rice,the seedlings of two rice cultivars,i.e.,Yuxiangyouzhan and Wufengyou 615 transplanted by MPST were applied with N fertilizer at 150 kg/hm2 and straw return at 6 t/hm2 in early seasons of 2019 and 2020.The experiment comprised of following treatments:CK(no fertilizer and no straw return),MDS(deep N fertilization and straw return),MBS(broadcasting fertilizer and straw return),MD(deep N fertilization without straw return),MB(broadcasting fertilizer without straw return).Results depicted that the MDS treatment significantly increased the rice yield by 41.69%-72.22%due to total above-ground biomass,leaf area index and photosynthesis increased by 54.70%-55.80%,38.52%-52.17%and 17.89%-28.40%,respectively,compared to the MB treatment.In addition,the MDS treatment enhanced the total N accumulation by 37.74%-43.69%,N recovery efficiency by 141.45%-164.65%,N agronomic efficiency by 121.76%-134.19%,nitrate reductase by 46.46%-60.86%and glutamine synthetase by 23.56%-31.02%,compared to the MB treatment.The average grain yield and NUE in both years for Yuxiangyouzhan were higher in the MDS treatment than in the MD treatment.Hence,deep N fertilization combined with straw return can be an innovative technique with improved grain yield and NUE in MPST in South China.

关键词： mechanical pot-seedling transplanting nitrogen deep placement nitrogen use efficiency rice straw return

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Lodging Resistance Related to Root Traits for Mechanized Wet-Seeding of Two Super Rice Cultivars

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Rice science 2021年第2期28卷 200-208,I0002-I0007页

作者： ZHANG Minghua MO Zhaowen LIAO Juan pan shenggang CHEN Xiongfei ZHENG Le LUO Xiwen WANG Zaiman Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment/College of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China School of Engineering Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Mechanical hill wet-seeded rice machine is beneficial for establishing and growing uniform rows of seedlings.However,there is limited knowledge regarding the effects of the establishment of furrows on growth,lodging and yield,and their relationships with root traits.In this study,field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 using two super rice varieties(hybrid rice Peizataifeng and inbred rice Yuxiangyouzhan)under three furrow establishment treatments(T1,both water and seed furrows were established by the machine;T2,only seed furrows were established by the machine;and T3,neither water nor seed furrows were established by the machine).Lodging index,lodging-related traits,grain yield,above-ground dry weight and root traits were measured.The results showed that the lodging index was significantly affected by the treatments with furrows(T1 and T2).The strongest lodging resistance was detected in the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment(T1)in both 2012 and 2013.Lodging resistance was strongly related to the breaking resistance.No significant difference was found in grain yield or dry weight of the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice.Therefore,the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment increased rice lodging resistance,which was related to root traits.

关键词： seed furrow grain yield lodging resistance root trait mechanical wet-seeded rice

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科技成果转化农学创新综合实验的探索与实践

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实验室研究与探索 2024年第5期43卷 220-224页

作者：莫钊文潘圣刚王在满段美洋唐湘如华南农业大学农学院广州510642 华南农业大学工程学院广州510642

探索将科技成果“香稻增香增产栽培技术”转化为农学专业的综合实验,形成“香稻增香增产栽培技术应用与香气测定分析”创新综合实验,包括了田间实验设计、田间调查与取样、室内测定与分析、实验报告撰写等环节的实验教学体系。通过多途... 详细信息

探索将科技成果“香稻增香增产栽培技术”转化为农学专业的综合实验,形成“香稻增香增产栽培技术应用与香气测定分析”创新综合实验,包括了田间实验设计、田间调查与取样、室内测定与分析、实验报告撰写等环节的实验教学体系。通过多途径强化创新能力。综合实验的实施有利于调动新农科学生的科研热情,增强科研创新素质和实践能力,实现推动卓越农林人才培养的目标。

关键词：科技成果农学创新综合实验增香增产栽培香稻香气

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Enhancement of Ultrasonic Seed Treatment on Yield,Grain Quality Characters,and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis in Different Fragrant Rice Genotypes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第11期91卷 2461-2473页

作者： Rujian Lan Meiyang Duan Feida Wu Rifang Lai Zhaowen Mo shenggang pan Xiangru Tang State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice Guangzhou510642China

Fragrant rice is popular for the good grain quality and special aroma.The present study conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic seed treatment on grain yield,quality characters,physiological properties and aroma biosynthesis of different fragrant rice genotypes.The seeds of three fragrant rice genotypes were exposed to 1 min of ultrasonic vibration and then cultivated in paddy field.The results of present study showed that ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain yield of all fragrant rice genotypes but the responses of yield formation to ultrasonic were varied with different genotypes.Compared with control,ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP,the key component of fragrant rice aroma)content by 13.40%–44.88%.Ultrasonic seed treatment also reduced the crude protein contents in grains.The head rice rate,rice length,chalky rice rate,and chalkiness degree were influenced by ultrasonic for one or two fragrant rice genotypes.The activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also enhanced due to ultrasonic seed treatment.In conclusion,ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain,regulated grain aroma and quality,and improved stress resistance of fragrant rice varieties.

关键词： Fragrant rice yield formation crop growth grain quality 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline

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苗期喷施茉莉酸甲酯对香稻品种象牙香占香气的影响

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中国稻米 2024年第3期30卷 67-71,77页

作者：邢丕鹏何珍珍张震罗昊文张莹莹邓思呈莫钊文潘圣刚田华段美洋祁剑英唐湘如华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/农业农村部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站/广州市丝苗香米科学与技术重点实验室广州510642

茉莉酸甲酯能够提高植物的抗逆境胁迫能力,但在对香稻香气物质2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)的影响研究还鲜有报道。以香稻品种象牙香占为试验材料,设置茉莉酸甲酯3种喷施浓度(0.25、0.50和1.00 mmol/L),研究苗期喷施对香稻幼苗2-AP合成与累... 详细信息

茉莉酸甲酯能够提高植物的抗逆境胁迫能力,但在对香稻香气物质2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)的影响研究还鲜有报道。以香稻品种象牙香占为试验材料,设置茉莉酸甲酯3种喷施浓度(0.25、0.50和1.00 mmol/L),研究苗期喷施对香稻幼苗2-AP合成与累积、香气前体物质含量、香气相关酶活性、香气相关基因表达量调控、抗性酶活性变化和秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,喷施适当的茉莉酸甲酯浓度(0.50~1.00 mmol/L),香稻幼苗2-AP含量增加,香气合成前体物质1-吡咯啉、丙酮醛和1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸(P5C)含量提高,二胺氧化酶2基因(DAO4)、鸟氨酸转氨酶基因(OAT)和脯氨酸脱氢酶基因(ProDH)表达量提升。茉莉酸甲酯处理还提高了香稻秧苗素质,增加了抗性酶活性,提高了抗氧化能力。适度的茉莉酸甲酯能提高香稻2-AP含量和秧苗素质,归因于相关酶活性和基因表达量的提高。

关键词：香稻 2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉茉莉酸甲酯秧苗素质

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不同基因型香稻品种在广州从化的适应性研究

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中国稻米 2024年第2期30卷 105-107,111页

作者：何珍珍张莹莹代兰怡文韬姚祥滨彭立功莫钊文潘圣刚田华段美洋祁剑英唐湘如华南农业大学农学院/亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/农业农村部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站广州510642

为筛选适宜在广州从化区种植的香稻品种,以6个香稻品种为材料,调查各香稻品种的产量和籽粒香气(2-AP)含量。结果表明,软华优金丝产量最高,为548 kg/hm^(2),但象牙香占、青香优19香、美香占2号的产量与软华优金丝无显著差异。象牙香占籽... 详细信息

为筛选适宜在广州从化区种植的香稻品种,以6个香稻品种为材料,调查各香稻品种的产量和籽粒香气(2-AP)含量。结果表明,软华优金丝产量最高,为548 kg/hm^(2),但象牙香占、青香优19香、美香占2号的产量与软华优金丝无显著差异。象牙香占籽粒2-AP含量最高,与青香优19香差异不显著,但显著高于其他品种。各品种2-AP含量高的原因在于叶片和籽粒中前体物质如脯氨酸、1-吡咯啉和1-吡咯啉-5羧酸含量保持较高水平。象牙香占、青香优19香和软华优金丝在从化种植可以同时保持较高的产量和籽粒2-AP含量,可为从化香米产业的发展提供良好的品种支持。

关键词：香稻 2-AP 产量品种

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Grain Yield, Quality and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline of Fragrant Rice in Response to Different Planting Seasons in South China

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第3期89卷 705-714页

作者： Leilei Kong Haowen Luo Zhaowen Mo shenggang pan Zhixia Liu Qiang Zhang Song Bai Xiangru Tang Department of Crop Science and Technology College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Rice Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou510640China

Climate conditions is an important factor affected the fragrant rice growth and development.In order to study the effects of different planting seasons on fragrant rice performance in South China,present study was conducted with three planting seasons(early season(April to July),middle season(June to September)and late season(August to November))and three fragrant rice cultivars,‘Basmati-385’,‘Meixiangzhan-2’and‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’.The results showed that the highest grain yield and grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP,key component of fragrant rice aroma)content were both recorded in late season treatment while the fragrant rice in middle season treatment produced the lowest grain yield,grain filling percentage,1000-grain weight and gain 2-AP content.The highest contents of precursors(proline,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid and 1-pyrro-line)which related to 2-AP biosynthesis were recorded in late season treatment compared with early season treatment and middle season treatment.The highest activities of enzymes(proline dehydrogenase,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase and ornithine transaminase)which involved in 2-AP biosynthesis were also observed in late season treatment.Moreover,the fragrant rice cultivars in late season possessed the lowest chalk rice rate,chalkiness as well as the highest brown rice rate,head rice and protein content.Thus,the optimal season for fragrant rice production in South China is the late season.

关键词： 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline climate fragrant rice grain qulity yield formation

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Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer increases rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency with fewer greenhouse gas emissions in a mechanical direct-seeded cropping system

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1386-1396页

作者： Lin Li Hua Tian Minghua Zhang Pingshan Fan Umair Ashraf Haidong Liu Xiongfei Chen Meiyang Duan Xiangru Tang Zaiman Wang Zheng Zhang shenggang pan State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice Guangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina Department of Botany Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore 54770PunjabPakistan Hezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hezhou 542800GuangxiChina School of Engineering Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045JiangxiChina

Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer is a key strategy for improving nitrogen use efficiency. A two-year field experiment was conducted during the early rice growing seasons(March–July) of 2016 and 2017.The experimental treatments comprised two rice cultivars: Wufengyou 615(WFY 615) and Yuxiangyouzhan(YXYZ), and three N treatments: mechanical deep placement of all fertilizers as basal dose at 10 cm soil depth(one-time deep-placement fertilization, namely OTDP fertilization);manual surface broadcast(the common farmer practice) of 40% N fertilizer at one day before sowing(basal fertilizer)followed by broadcast application of 30% each at tillering and panicle initiation stages;and no fertilizer application at any growth stage as a control. One-time deep-placement fertilization increased grain yield of both rice cultivars by 11.8%–19.6%, total nitrogen accumulation by 10.3%–13.1%, nitrogen grain production efficiency by 29.7%–31.5%, nitrogen harvest index by 27.8%–30.0%, nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 71.3%–77.2%, and nitrogen recovery efficiency by 42.4%–56.7% for both rice cultivars, compared with the multiple-broadcast treatment. One-time deep-placement fertilization reduced CH4-induced global warming potential(GWP) by 20.7%–25.3%, N2O-induced GWP by 7.2%–12.3%, and total GWP by 14.7%–22.9% for both rice cultivars relative to the multiple-broadcast treatment. The activities of glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase were increased at both panicle-initiation and heading stages in both rice cultivars following one-time deep-placement fertilization treatment. Larger leaf area index at heading stage and more favorable root morphological traits expressed as larger total root length, mean root diameter, and total root volume per hill were also observed. One-time deep-placement fertilization could be an effective strategy for increasing grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency and lowering greenhouse-gas emissions under mechanical direct-seeded cropping systems.

关键词： N placement Grain yield Nitrogen use efficiency Greenhouse gas Direct-seeded rice

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