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On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs pál Department of physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization NmDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of pKm supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand p.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberman Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin p.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and pathogenesis program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA present address:melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of pKm2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,pKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven pI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 pKm2

Doping Effect of poly(vinylidene fluoride) on Carbon Nanofibers Deduced by Thermoelectric Analysis of Their melt mixed Films

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第11期 1802-1810页

作者： A.J.paleo V.m.Serrato J.m.mánuel O.Toledano E.mu?oz m.melle-Franco B.Krause p.p?tschke K.Lozano 2C2T-Centre for Textile Science and Technology University of Minho Campus de Azurém Florida Institute of Technology The Aerospace Corporation Department of Condensed matter physics and Institute of Research on Electron microscopy and materials(ImEYmAT) Faculty of Sciences University of Cádiz CICECO – Aveiro Institute of materials Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro UNED-Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Leibniz-Institut für polymerforschung Dresden e.V.IpF Department of mechanical Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley

The effect of temperature on the electrical conductivity （σ） and Seebeck coefficient （S） of n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers （CNFs）and poly（vinylidene fluoride）(pVDF) melt-mixed with 15 wt%of those CNFs is *** 40°C,the CNFs show stable n-type character (S=-4.8μV·K-1) with anσof ca.165 S·m-1,while the pVDF/CNF composite film shows anσof ca.9 S·m-1and near-zero S (S=-0.5μV·K-1).This experimental reduction in S is studied by the density functional tight binding （DFTB） method revealing a contact electron transfer from the CNFs to the pVDF in the ***,in the temperature range from 40°C to 100°C,theσ（T） of the CNFs and pVDF/CNF film,successfully described by the 3D variable range hopping （VRH） model,is explained as consequence of a thermally activated backscattering *** the contrary,the S（T）from 40°C to 100°C of the pVDF/CNF film,which satisfactorily matches the model proposed for some multi-walled carbon nanotube （mWCNT）doped mats;however,it does not follow the increase in S（T） found for *** these findings are presented with the aim of discerning the role of these n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers on theσand S of their melt-mixed polymer composites.

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Impact of COVID-19-related lifestyle changes on diabetic macular edema

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 97-106页

作者： Bryce p.Johnson Yu-Guang He Zachary m.Robertson Angeline Wang Rafael L.Ufret-Vincenty Department of Ophthalmology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390-9057USA

AIm:To assess diabetic macular edema(DmE)progression during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic,when severe societal restrictions raised the concern of possible deterioration of health in patients with systemic conditions,particularly those requiring frequent office ***:This is a multicenter retrospective chart review of 370 patients(724 eyes)with an established diagnosis of DmE seen on 3 separate visits between January 2019 and July *** 1 was January 2019 to February 2020(considered pre-COVID-19),period 2 was march 2020 to December 2020(considered the height of the pandemic;highest level of pandemic-related clinical and societal regulations)and period 3 was January 2021 to July 2021(re-adjustment to the new“pandemic norms”).main outcome measures included visual acuity,body mass index(BmI),blood pressure(Bp),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),macular thickness,patient adherence to scheduled ophthalmology visits,and DmE treatment(s)received at each *** facilitate measurement of macular thickness,each macula was divided into 9 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)-defined macular sectors as measured by OCT ***:There was no change of BmI,systolic Bp,and diastolic Bp between any of the time ***1c showed a very small increase from period 1(7.6%)to period 2(7.8%,p=0.015)and decreased back to 7.6%at period 3(p=0.12).macular thickness decreased for 100%of macular *** central macular thickness decreased across all 3 periods from 329.5 to 316.6μm(p=0.0045).After analysis of multiple variables including HbA1c,BmI,adherence to scheduled appointments,different clinic centers,and treatment interventions,there was no easily identifiable subgroup of patients that experienced the increase in ***:DmE doesn’t worsen during the COVID-19 pandemic,instead sustaining a very small but statistically significant *** identifying a mechanism behind our findings is beyond the scope of this study,potential explanat

关键词： COVID-19 diabetic macular edema diabetic retinopathy optical coherence tomography

In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants:mg purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polymer coating

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar J.Luňácková m.Jex m.Žaloudková R.Vrbová m.Bartoš p.Klein L.Vištejnová J.Dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda m.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Department of materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Department of physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Department of Composites and Carbon materials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biomedical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Department of pathological physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural materials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of mg-based *** low-alloyed mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term *** pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure mg,commercially pure mg,mg-0.15Zn,mg-0.4Zn and mg-1Zn was ***,mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat *** on the observed mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： magnesium Resorbable mg wire mg-Zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials and architectures in optoelectronic devices: Recent advancements

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ChemPhysMater

Chemphysmater 2024年第3期3卷 252-272页

作者： m.Arya S.Heera p.meenu K.G.Deepa Department of physics University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581India

Organic-inorganic hybrids are next-generation materials for use in high-performance optoelectronic devices owing to their adaptabilities in terms of design and *** article reviews the application of hybrid materials and layers in several widely used optoelectronic devices,i.e.,light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation(LASER),solar cells,and light-emitting diodes(LEDs).The effects of the incorporation of inorganic particles on photostability and optical gain are analyzed in the first section with reference to dye and perovskite ***,the strategies used in blending inorganic nanostructures into organic solar cells and bulk heterojunctions are *** use of various organic layers as electron-and hole-transport materials in Si heterojunction solar cells is reviewed in ***,the benefits of the presence of organic components in quantum-dot-and perovskite-based LEDs are derived from the *** integration of organic and inorganic components with optimal interfaces and morphologies is a challenge in developing hybrid materials with improved efficiencies.

关键词： Optoelectronics Hybrid material Device performance photostability Advantages

Selenga River human dispersal path in Initial Upper paleolithic

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人类学学报 2024年第5期43卷 780-796页

作者： Evgeny p RYBIN Arina m KHATSENOVICH Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of ScienceNovosibirsk 630090Russian Federation

Here,we consider earlier Upper paleolithic sites in the Selenga River Basin,the main fluvial input of Lake Baikal that flows through northern mongolia and the southwestern Transbaikal region of *** industries from these sites can be attributed to the laminar Initial Upper paleolithic(IUp)technocomplex,widespread in southern Siberia and Central *** industries appear in the Selenga Basin about 45 kaBp *** of regional typological variability and the transport of exotic raw materials over long distances indicate that these populations participated in developed exchange networks and employed high mobility targeting the acquisition of necessary raw *** site types are present:quarry-workshops in northern mongolia and generalized activity settlements in the southwestern *** faunal data are limited,we interpret available information as indicating a specialization on hunting,focusing on migrating steppe game *** distribution of sites in the mid-altitudes and landscapes of the Selenga-Orkhon geographical region and the geomorphological homogeneity of this territory also supported interregional human moves during the IUp.

关键词： Central Asia Initial Upper paleolithic migration raw material hunting

RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： m.K.maksimov p.B.Ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglovitova N.N.Sklyankina A.V.muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.priezzhev Faculty of physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of NO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,NO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers myrenne flow chamber

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LpFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LpF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram