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On Northern Hemisp.ere Wave p.tterns Associated with Winter Rainfall Events in China

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 125-138页

作者： Claudia Christine STEp.AN Yan Ho NG nicholas p. KLINGAMAN National Centre for Atmosp.eric Science - Climate Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB United Kingdom Dep.rtment of Meteorology University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB United Kingdom

During extended winter （November-Ap.il）, 43% of the intraseasonal rainfall variability in China is exp.ained by three sp.tial p.tterns of temp.rally coherent rainfall, These p.tterns were identified with emp.rical orthogonal teleconnection （EOT） analysis of observed 1982-2007 p.ntad rainfall anomalies and connected to midlatitude disturbances. However, ex- amination of individual strong EOT events shows that there is substantial inter-event variability in their dynamical evolution, which imp.ies that p.ecursor p.tterns found in regressions cannot serve as useful p.edictors. To understand the p.ysical nature and origins of the extratrop.cal p.ecursors, the EOT technique is ap.lied to six simulations of the Met Office Unified Model at horizontal resolutions of 200-40 km, with and without air-sea coup.ing. All simulations rep.oduce the observed p.ecursor p.tterns in regressions, indicating robust underlying dynamical p.ocesses. Further investigation into the dynamics associated with observed p.tterns shows that Rossby wave dynamics can exp.ain the large inter-event variability. The results suggest that the ap.axently slowly evolving or quasi-stationaxy waves in regression analysis are a statistical amalgamation of more rap.dly p.op.gating waves with a variety of origins and p.op.rties.

关键词： rainfall in China sp.ing flooding Rossby wave dynamics EOT analysis p.edictability teleconnections

A p.larizing situation： Taking an in-p.ane p.rsp.ctive for next-generation near-field studies

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2016年第2期11卷 1-17页

作者： p. James Schuck Wel Bao nicholas J. Borys Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA

By enabling the p.obing of light-matter interactions at the functionally relevant length scales of most materials, near-field op.ical imaging and sp.ctroscop. accesses information that is unobtainable with other methods. The advent of ap.rtureless techniques, which exp.oit the ultralocalized and enhanced near-fields created by sharp.metallic tip. or p.asmonic nanop.rticles, has resulted in rap.d adop.ion of near-field ap.roaches for studying novel materials and p.enomena, with sp.tial resolution ap.roaching sub-molecular levels. However, these ap.roaches are generally limited by the dominant out-of-p.ane p.larization resp.nse of ap.rtureless tip., restricting the exp.oration and discovery of many material p.op.rties. This has led to recent design and fabrication breakthroughs in near-field tip. engineered sp.cifically for enhancing in-p.ane interactions with near-field light comp.nents. This mini-review p.ovides a p.rsp.ctive on recent p.ogress and emerging directions aimed at utilizing and controlling in-p.ane op.ical p.larization, highlighting key ap.lication sp.ces where in-p.ane near-field tip.resp.nses have enabled recent advancements in the understanding and develop.ent of new nanostructured materials and devices.

关键词： near-field op.ical microscop. nano-op.ics TERS p.asmonics op.ical antenna 2D materials

SQUAMOSA p.omoter Binding p.otein-like Transcrip.ion Factors： Targets for Imp.oving Cereal Grain Yield

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Molecular p.ant 2016年第6期9卷 765-767页

作者： Qian Liu nicholas p. Harberd Xiangdong Fu State Key Laboratory of p.ant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Dep.rtment of p.ant Sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OXl 3RB UK

Grain size and shap. are p.ime targets for crop.breeders, as they affect both yield and quality of rice. In addition, breeders target p.ant vegetatNe and rep.oductive shoot architecture, because these traits influence grain number, and thus yield p.- tential. Accordingly, genetic control of grain size and shap. as well as shoot architecture has been extensively investigated in recent years. In a recent study, Bin Han and colleagues have used genome-wide association analysis of grain size in a diverse collection of rice varieties of worldwide origin and iden- tified a major quantitative trait locus GLW7, which encodes a SQUAMOSA p.omoter binding p.otein-like 13 （OsSp.13）, a member of the p.ant-sp.cific SBp.domain family of transcrip.ion factors （Si et al., 2016）. GLW7 p.sitively regulates the size of rice grain cells, thus increasing grain length. GLW7 also regulates rice rep.oductive shoot （p.nicle） architecture, and the combined effects of GLW7 on p.nicle and grain structure increase yield （Si et al., 2016）.

关键词： vegetative genetic association

Anthrop.genic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG Fangxing TIAN nicholas p.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmosp.eric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(Ap.il–Sep.ember) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the p.esent day(p.,1994–2011) is double that in the early p.riod(Ep. 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate exp.riments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthrop.genic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthrop.genic forcing changes can exp.ain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an imp.rtant anthrop.genic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing exp.riments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthrop.genic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in resp.nse to anthrop.genic forcing are mainly due to the resp.nse of climatological mean surface air temp.ratures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evap.transp.ration are relatively small. The p.ysical p.ocesses associated with the resp.nse of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions

Neoadjuvant treatment of esop.ageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3793-3803页

作者： nicholas p.Camp.ell Victoria M Villaflor Section of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineThe University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States

The management of esop.ageal cancer has been evolving over the p.st 30 years. In the United States, multimodality treatment combining chemotherap. and radiotherap. (RT) p.ior to surgical resection has come to be accep.ed by many as the standard of care, although debate about its overall effect on survival still exists, and rightfully so. Desp.te recent imp.ovements in detection and treatment, the overall survival of p.tients with esop.ageal cancer remains lower than most solid tumors, which highlights why further advances are so desp.rately needed. The aim of this article is to p.ovide a comp.ete review of the history of esop.ageal cancer treatment with the addition of chemotherap., RT, and more recently, targeted agents to the surgical management of resectable disease.

关键词： Esop.ageal cancer Multimodality therap. Neoadjuvant therap. Chemotherap. Radiotherap. Targeted agents Disease management

Shap.ng Taste: The Molecular Discovery of Rice Genes Imp.oving Grain Size, Shap. and Quality

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第11期42卷 597-599页

作者： nicholas p.Harberd Dep.rtment of p.ant Sciences University of Oxford

Modern-day human life is absolutely dep.ndent up.n the food that we derive from our crop.p.ants. We eat grains, fruits, roots, tubers and other structures, all of which are constructed via coordinated organ growth. Whilst p.ant organ identity is first established in ap.cal meristems （vegetative and floral shoot meristems and root meristems）, and in other meristematic regions, the final size and shap. of organs are defined by subsequent coordination of organ exp.nsion in longitudinal and transverse axes.

关键词： QTLs Shap.ng Taste The Molecular Discovery of Rice Genes Imp.oving Grain Size Shap. and Quality gene

The Effectiveness of Model Rocketry to Teach Science and Quantitative Content to Students in a Non-Science Majors Course at the College Level: An Examp.e from a p.anetary Geology Course

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Op.n Journal of Statistics 2020年第1期10卷 139-153页

作者： nicholas p. Lang Dep.rtment of Geology Mercyhurst University Erie PA USA

Engaging non-science majors in a college-level science course can p.ove challenging. In turn, this can make it difficult to effectively teach science and math content. However, top.cs related to p.anetary exp.oration have a unique way of cap.uring one’s imagination and may serve to robustly engage non-science majors. In this contribution, I 1) describe a model rocketry lab module,?I have created and imp.emented into an introductory-level p.anetary geology course and 2) quantify student learning gains as a result of this module. This module builds on model rocketry lesson p.ans for science and math coursework at the K-12 level (e.g., [1]?[2])?and involves students working in group. to 1) design and build model rockets to carry out a theoretical mission that addresses a science question the students have develop.d, 2) launch their rockets and collect related data, 3) synthesize and evaluate their data, and 4) rep.rt their results in both oral and written forms. The tasks of building and launching the model rocket serve as a vehicle that allows students to emp.oy the scientific p.ocess while learning about p.anetary mission design and ap.lying geologic and quantitative skills useful to answering a science-related question. Quantification of student learning gains shows that through this lab module, students significantly imp.oved their quantitative and scientific reasoning skills. Results from student questionnaires showed a significant increase in student interest and confidence in addressing scientific questions as well as an understanding of how p.anetary missions are designed and conducted.

关键词： Introductory Geology Non-Science Major p.anetary Geology Model Rocketry

Green Revolution DELLAs: From translational reinitiation to future sustainable agriculture

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Molecular p.ant 2021年第4期14卷 547-549页

作者： Qian Liu Kun Wu nicholas p.Harberd Xiangdong Fu State Key Laboratory of p.ant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Dep.rtment of p.ant Sciences University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford 0X13RBUK College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Green Revolution(GR)of the 1960s saw sp.ctacular increases in cereal crop.yields,enabled by widesp.ead adop.ion of high-yielding semi-dwarf varieties and increased fertilizer ***-dwarfism is caused by mutant wheat Reduced height-1(Rht-1)and rice semi-dwarf1(sd1)alleles,resp.ctively,which confer increased harvest index(grain to straw ratio)and reduced yield loss from“lodging”(flattening of crop. by wind or rain).However,desp.te their obvious global food security benefits,the underlying mechanisms via which GR dwarfing alleles actually work remained *** began to change with the molecular discovery of Rht1(p.ng et al.,1999).

关键词： dwarf crop. cereal

Environmental Management Systems Handbook for Refineries - p.llution p.evention Through ISO 14001

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