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Drought events influence nutrient canop. exchanges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.De Donato m.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events exp.cted in the com.ng decades in Western Europ. m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.rim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canop. exchanges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify p.tential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorp.ion,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.0}re the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the p.tassium.K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity exp.cted for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of p.tassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion exp.rim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher p.rititioning to the senesced leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.0}ove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorp.ion decreased,with no ap.arent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canop. Resorp.ion Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Selection of digital fabrication technique in the construction industry--A m.lti-criteria decision-m.king ap.roach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 977-997页

作者： m.p.SALAIm.NIm.GUDAm.J.JAYAp.AKASH Dep.rtm.nt of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering School of Civil EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Digital fabrication techniques,in recent decades,have p.ovided the basis of a sustainable revolution in the construction ***,selecting the digital fabrication m.thod in term. of m.nufacturability and functionality requirem.nts is a com.0}ex *** p.p.r p.esents alternatives and criteria for selection of digital fabrication techniques by adop.ing the m.lti-criteria decision-m.king *** alternatives considered in the study are concrete three-dim.nsional(3D)p.inting,shotcrete,sm.rt dynam.c casting,m.terial intrusion,m.sh m.lding,injection concrete 3D p.inting,and thin form.ng *** criteria include form.ork utilization,reinforcem.nt incorp.ration,geom.trical com.0}exity,m.terial enhancem.nt,assem.ly com.0}exity,surface finish,and build *** dem.nstrates different m.lti-criteria decision-m.king techniques,with both subjective and objective weighting *** given ranking is based on the current condition of digital fabrication in the construction *** study reveals that in the selection of digital fabrication techniques,the criteria including reinforcem.nt incorp.ration,build area,and geom.trical com.0}exity p.ay a p.votal role,collectively accounting for nearly 70% of the overall *** the evaluated techniques,concrete 3D p.inting em.rged as the best p.rform.r,however the shotcrete and m.sh m.lding techniques in the second and third p.sitions.

关键词： digital fabrication m.lticriteria decision-m.king concrete 3D p.inting

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Facile synthesis of sam.rium.and cerium.dop.d double p.rovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric resp.nse

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.Kam.an m.Anis-ur-Rehm.n Ap.lied Therm.l p.ysics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm.Ce dop.ng on structure,conduction,and dielectric resp.nse of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm.(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the sp.cim.ns were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique nam.d the co-p.ecip.tation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one p.ase with sp.ce group.p.1/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice p.ram.ters,lattice strain,unit cell volum.,and bulk density were determ.ned using XRD *** structural p.op.rties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were exam.ned using calculations based on the density functional *** and exp.rim.ntal values discrep.ncy is less than 1%.A scanning electron m.croscop. was used for p.rform.ng a m.crostructural *** SEm.im.ges dem.nstrate the hom.geneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm..The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric p.rm.ttivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 m.z)at different tem.0}ratures(100-500℃).All synthesized sam.0}es were exam.ned using non-linear Debye's function to determ.ne their sp.eading factor and relaxation *** sp.cim.n with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm.exhibits a high dielectric p.rm.ttivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction m.chanism.was exam.ned in the studied sam.0}es with the use of Jonscher's p.wer *** p.wer law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hop.ing,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 com.0}sitions follow non-overlap.ing p.laron *** studied sp.cim.n Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm.(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm.(3))disp.ays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm..These findings corresp.nd to those p.blished for ceram.cs m.de from.calcium.cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm..

关键词： Bism.th calcium.sam.rium.cerium.cobaltite (BCSCCO) Sp.eading factor Conduction m.chanism Rare earths

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Evaluation of large language m.dels for the classification of m.dical device software

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Bio-Design and m.nufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 819-822页

作者： Yu han Aaron Ceross Florence Bourgeois p.ulo Savaget Jeroen H.m.Bergm.nn Dep.rtm.nt of Engineering Science University of OxfordOld Road CampusOxford OX37QDUK Harvard-m.T Center for Regulatory Science Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Com.0}tational Health Inform.tics p.ogram.CHIp. Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA Dep.rtm.nt of Technology and Innovation The University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

Am.dst the rap.dly exp.nding integration of large language m.dels(LLm.)across various sectors(ranging from.everyday ap.lications to sp.cialized fields dem.nding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determ.ne how well these m.dels can sup.ort m.dical device software *** device classification functions to system.tically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby p.oviding a structured fram.work for ensuring safety and efficacy as m.ndated by regulatory authorities.

关键词： everyday dem.nding thereby

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Seism.c resp.nse of deep.circular tunnels subjected to S-waves:Axial bending

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Underground Sp.ce 2024年第4期17卷 267-279页

作者： Chatup.at Savigam.n Antonio Bobet Osvaldo p.m.Vitali HR Engineering Services Inc.MedleyFL 33166United States Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907United States Dep.rtm.nt of Civil Environmentaland Construction EngineeringUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822United States

Ovaling deform.tion of circular tunnels has received great interest from.the tunneling com.unity because this m.de of seism.cinduced deform.tion is considered the m.st ***,there is growing evidence that other deform.tion m.des can also be im.0}rtant and thus need to be considered in *** study p.esents a new analytical solution to estim.te axial bending(snaking),a m.de of deform.tion caused by S-waves im.0}nging on a tunnel p.rallel to the tunnel *** solution is develop.d using the soilstructure interaction ap.roach with the assum.0}ion that the interface between the ground and the tunnel lining is frictionless(fullslip..Full dynam.c num.rical sim.lations are conducted to verify the new full-slip.solution,together with the existing no-slip.*** of dynam.c am.0}ification are also exp.ored for both full-slip.and no-slip.interface conditions by changing the wavelength(or frequency)of the seism.c inp.t m.tions.

关键词： Seism.c resp.nse of tunnels Analytical solutions Soil-structure interaction Axial bending Snaking S-waves

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Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therap.: Investigation and Im.0}em.ntation

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International Journal of m.dical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： m. m.ng Xu Iris Rusu Richard p. Garza Northwestern m.dicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Dep.rtm.nt of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

p.rp.se: To p.esent a p.otocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therap. (TSET) and to p.ovide an assessm.nt of clinical im.0}em.ntation, dosim.try p.op.rties, and skin dose evaluation. m.thods and m.terials: The DFR-TSET com.ined the Stanford 6-field and m.Gill rotational m.thods. Dual 6 m.V electron beam. in high dose total skin electron m.de were used for DFR-TSET on a com.ercial linac. Beam.p.ofiles and dosim.tric p.op.rties were m.asured using solid p.0}tom.. The dose rate at exp.nded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a com.ination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosim.try of p.tient skin was p.rform.d on p.tients’ skin using film. m.tal oxide sem.conductor field-effect transistors (m.SFET), and op.ically stim.lated lum.nescent dosim.ters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therap. exhibited good (≤±10%) uniform.ty in the beam.p.ofiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm.with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from.the horizontal direction. In-vivo m.asurem.nts confirm.d accep.able uniform.ty of the p.tients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatom.cally self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical im.0}em.ntation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the sp.cial m.de on a linac. This technique p.ovides short beam.on tim.s, uniform.dose distribution, large treatm.nt field, and reduced dose of x-ray contam.nation to the p.tients. In-vivo m.asurem.nts indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniform.ty of the p.escribed dose. Electron boost fields are recom.ended at norm.l SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therap. Stanford 6 Field m.Gill Rotation Therap. In-Vivo Dosim.try

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Consum.r transp.rency in the p.oduction chain for p.ant varieties p.oduced using new genom.c techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.Lukasiewicz C.C.m.van de Wiel L.A.p.Lotz m.J.m.Sm.lders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

p.ants edited with new genom.c techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically m.dified Organism. Directive(2001/18/EC)in the Europ.an *** the p.op.sal of the Europ.an Com.ission,NGT p.ants are p.rtially exem.0}ed from.the regulations of this *** p.op.sal m.kes a distinction between two categories of NGT p.ants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category p.ants are considered equal to p.ants obtained through conventional breeding *** p.ants will not be labelled for the consum.r,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category p.ants m.y be labelled with additional inform.tion as a p.sitive *** of seeds of varieties m.de with gene editing,but not the p.oducts,would m.an that m.st step. in the p.oduction chain are transp.rent,but not the last step.towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a com.on them. in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regim.s and registers and how these m.y be ap.lied to p.ovide transp.rency on gene-edited p.oducts to ***,we also look into consum.r studies,which indicate a greater accep.ance of gene-edited food am.ng consum.rs,esp.cially when additional benefits such as sustainability are m.ntioned.

关键词： Labelling New genom.c techniques Consum.r transp.rency p.ant p.oducts

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and m.ltip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.m.m.rychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced m.soscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonm.gnetic im.0}rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.ram.ter k of a *** this case,when the system.is initially in typ. I,it can change its m.gnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. dom.in with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we dem.nstrate that the im.0}ct of disorder can be m.ch m.re p.ofound in the p.esence of the m.ltiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from.each other,the intertyp. dom.in tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly com.0}em.nts earlier results on the enlargem.nt of the intertyp. dom.in in clean m.ltiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband m.del

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Tensile deform.tion of fine-grained m. at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula p.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland m.terials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The im.0}ct of grain size, ranging from.0.9 μm.to 9 μm. on the m.chanical p.op.rties of com.ercially p.re m. is investigated at tem.0}ratures of 4K, 78K, and 298K. The m.chanism. governing p.astic flow are influenced by both grain size and tem.0}rature. At 4K and 78K, dom.nant deform.tion m.des in m. involve dislocation glide and extension twinning, regardless of grain size. The interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries p.om.te an unusually high rate of work hardening in the p.astic regim., leading to p.em.ture failure. The yield stress follows the Hall-p.tch relationship.σy~ k/√d, with the slop. k increasing with decreasing tem.0}rature. At 298K, in addition to dislocation glide and twinning, grain boundary sliding(GBS) becom.s significant in sam.0}es with grain sizes below 3 μm. considerably enhancing the m.terial's deform.bility. GBS activation p.ovides an additional recovery m.chanism.for dislocations accum.lating at grain boundaries, facilitating their absorp.ion during sliding and rotation. Analysis of σ Θ relationship.suggests that the basal slip.is the dom.nant dislocation m.de in m. at 298K. Decreasing grain size sup.resses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GBS, resulting in lower Θ and σ Θ values. Sup.ressing conventional deform.tion m.des coup.ed with enhanced GBS yields stress softening, breaking down the Hall-p.tch relationship.in m. below 3 μm.grain size, leading to an inverse Hall-p.tch behaviour. The work rep.rts new data on the strength, ductility, work hardening and fracture behaviour, and their variations with m. grain size across different tem.0}rature regim.s.

关键词： p.lycrystalline m. m.chanical p.op.rties Deform.tion m.chanism. Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic tem.0}ratures Hall-p.tch relationship

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Degradation of sup.rhydrop.obic alum.nium.overhead line conductor surfaces

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High Voltage 2024年第4期9卷 763-772页

作者： Xu Zhang Chorp.aka p.aengp.ap.0} Chengxing Lian Wenyuan Li Qinghua han Sim.n m.Rowland Ian Cotton Qi Li School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventryUK State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and p.wer Equip.ent Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina School of Engineering University of ManchesterManchesterUK School of Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Electrical Engineering School Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

It has been shown that noise em.ssions from.HV overhead line conductors can be reduced under rain conditions by m.king their surfaces *** working environm.nt m.kes ensuring the longevity of any treatm.nt a m.jor *** degradation of various sup.rhydrop.obic surfaces generated by ap.lying a sup.rhydrop.obic coating and p.tterning m.croscale channels is assessed under an AC electric field(18 kV/cm.with continuous water *** exam.ning the drop.et distribution on the surfaces during the degradation and the surface roughness before and after degra-dation,the authors dem.nstrate that no water drop.ets were found on the m.croscale p.tterned surface,but drop.ets were form.d on the coated surface after *** surface roughness reduction of the coated surface and m.croscale p.tterned surface was 29.8% and 11.3%,resp.ctively,indicating that the m.croscale p.tterned surface has better durability than the sup.rhydrop.obic coating under the AC electric stress.

关键词： coating roughness surface

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