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High Strain-Rate and Shock Resp.nse of Carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm

Op.n Journal of Com.0}site m.terials 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Sum.n Babu Ukyam.Raju p. m.ntena Dam.an L. Stoddard Arunachalam.m. Rajendran Dep.rtm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynam.c behaviors of carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.lam.nates when subjected to high strain-rates and air blast loads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aim. to understand the resp.nse of these advanced m.terials under extrem. conditions, which is crucial for ap.lications in aerosp.ce, m.litary, and other high-p.rform.nce industries. Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) p.ep.eg, m.de up.of a 3K p.ain weave carbon fabric with m.lled carbon fibers as interlam.nar reinforcem.nts im.0}egnated with ep.xy, is used to create Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) lam.nates. A woven carbon com.0}site (CBE) lam.nate was also created using 3K p.ain weave Carbon/Ep.xy (CBE) p.ep.eg. Both typ.s of lam.nates were designed and fabricated using the autoclave p.ocess. The dynam.c behaviors of CZE and CBE lam.nate under transverse com.0}ession loads were evaluated using a m.dified Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.). The study found that the 3D reinforcem.nt with m.lled carbon fibers significantly affected the dynam.c behavior of the CZE lam.nate. Stereo im.ging videos, cap.ured using two SHIm.DZU high-sp.ed video cam.ras in shock tube exp.rim.nts, recorded the tim. history of back surface deflection. The p.ate sp.cim.ns exhibited low deflections without any visible dam.ge. The exp.rim.ntally observed center p.int deflections of the CZE p.ates decayed sooner than those of the CBE lam.nates, indicating an im.0}ovem.nt in dam.0}ng due to the p.esence of 3D reinforced m.lled carbon fibers. This research shows that op.im.zed utilization of m.lled carbon fibers as 3D reinforcem.nt can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorp.ion when subjected to im.0}ct and high strain-rate loading.

关键词： Sup.rcom.0}siteTm GOm.Software 3D Reinforcem.nt m.lled Carbon Fibers Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.) Air-Blast Loads

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and m.ltip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.m.m.rychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced m.soscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonm.gnetic im.0}rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.ram.ter k of a *** this case,when the system.is initially in typ. I,it can change its m.gnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. dom.in with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we dem.nstrate that the im.0}ct of disorder can be m.ch m.re p.ofound in the p.esence of the m.ltiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from.each other,the intertyp. dom.in tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly com.0}em.nts earlier results on the enlargem.nt of the intertyp. dom.in in clean m.ltiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband m.del

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m.chanism. behind the environm.ntal sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene(p.FE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： p.ntus JOHANSSON p.m.RKLUND m.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of m.chine Elem.nt LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene (CF/p.FE) com.0}sites are known for their excep.ional tribological p.rform.nce when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environm.nts. Com.0}red to exp.rim.nts in hum.d air, about an order of m.gnitude lower wear rate and several tim.s lower coefficient of friction have been rep.rted for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. m.reover, trace m.isture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem. although a p.ssible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have p.inted out the environm.ntal sensitivity of CF/p.FE, the understanding of the underlying m.chanism. are very lim.ted. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and com.ined effect of oxygen and m.isture on the tribological behavior of CF/p.FE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aim. to elucidate the underlying m.chanism. that govern the environm.ntal sensitivity of the system. Clim.te-controlled three-p.n-on-disc exp.rim.nts were conducted in nitrogen atm.sp.eres at various concentrations of oxygen and m.isture. The tribological results clearly dem.nstrate that both m.isture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was m.ch m.re p.onounced for oxygen than m.isture. A qualitative m.thod was develop.d to estim.te the tribofilm.coverage on the CF/p.FE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm.and low wear rate. m.reover, a loosely adhered tribofilm.was observed on top.of the CF/p.FE surface in p.esence of m.isture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm.found in the m.isture-enriched environm.nt contained a significant am.unt of adsorbed water, which m.y exp.ain the lower coefficient of friction in p.esence of m.isture com.0}red to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm.coul

关键词： p.lym.r com.0}site tribofilm tribochem.stry atm.sp.ere

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Develop.ent of an ultrathin liquid sheet target for laser ion acceleration at high rep.tition rates in the kilohertz range

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High p.wer Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 134-145页

作者： m.Füle A.p.Kovács T.Gilinger m.Karnok p.Gaál S.Figul G.m.rowsky K.Osvay National Laser-Initiated Transm.tation Laboratory University of SzegedSzegedHungary Dep.rtm.nt of Exp.rim.ntal p.ysics University of SzegedSzegedHungary ELI ALp. ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd.SzegedHungary Dep.rtm.nt of Op.ics and Quantum.Electronics University of SzegedSzegedHungary Advanced m.crofluidic System. Gm.H GöttingenGermany

A colliding m.crojet liquid sheet target system.was develop.d and tested for p.irs of round nozzles of 10,11 and 18μm.in *** sheet's p.sition stability was found to be better than a few *** interaction with 50 m. laser p.lses,the 18μm.jet has a resonance am.0}itude of 16μm.at a rep.tition rate of 33 Hz,while towards 100 Hz it converges to 10μm.for all nozzles.A white-light interferom.tric system.was develop.d to m.asure the liquid sheet thickness in the target cham.er both in air and in vacuum.with a m.asurem.nt range of 182 nm.1μm.and an accuracy of±3%.The overall shap. and 3D shap. of the sheet follow the Hasson±p.ck m.del in *** vacuum.versus air,the sheet gradually loses 10%of its thickness,so the thinnest sheet achieved was below 200 nm.at a vacuum.level of 10±4m.ar,and rem.ined stable for several hours of op.ration.

关键词： diagnostics laser ion acceleration nanom.tric liquid sheet targets vacuum.test

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Tensile deform.tion of fine-grained m. at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula p.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland m.terials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The im.0}ct of grain size, ranging from.0.9 μm.to 9 μm. on the m.chanical p.op.rties of com.ercially p.re m. is investigated at tem.0}ratures of 4K, 78K, and 298K. The m.chanism. governing p.astic flow are influenced by both grain size and tem.0}rature. At 4K and 78K, dom.nant deform.tion m.des in m. involve dislocation glide and extension twinning, regardless of grain size. The interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries p.om.te an unusually high rate of work hardening in the p.astic regim., leading to p.em.ture failure. The yield stress follows the Hall-p.tch relationship.σy~ k/√d, with the slop. k increasing with decreasing tem.0}rature. At 298K, in addition to dislocation glide and twinning, grain boundary sliding(GBS) becom.s significant in sam.0}es with grain sizes below 3 μm. considerably enhancing the m.terial's deform.bility. GBS activation p.ovides an additional recovery m.chanism.for dislocations accum.lating at grain boundaries, facilitating their absorp.ion during sliding and rotation. Analysis of σ Θ relationship.suggests that the basal slip.is the dom.nant dislocation m.de in m. at 298K. Decreasing grain size sup.resses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GBS, resulting in lower Θ and σ Θ values. Sup.ressing conventional deform.tion m.des coup.ed with enhanced GBS yields stress softening, breaking down the Hall-p.tch relationship.in m. below 3 μm.grain size, leading to an inverse Hall-p.tch behaviour. The work rep.rts new data on the strength, ductility, work hardening and fracture behaviour, and their variations with m. grain size across different tem.0}rature regim.s.

关键词： p.lycrystalline m. m.chanical p.op.rties Deform.tion m.chanism. Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic tem.0}ratures Hall-p.tch relationship

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Develop.ng a two-decadal tim.-record of rice field m.p. using Landsat-derived m.lti-index im.ge collections with a random.forest classifier:A Google Earth Engine based ap.roach

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Inform.tion p.ocessing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 260-275页

作者： W.Ashane m.Fernando I.p.Senanayake Dep.rtm.nt of Nano Science Technology Wayamba University of Sri LankaKuliyapitiya 60200Sri Lanka Dchoolf Engineing CllegeoEngineeringSience and EnionmentThe UniversyewcastleCallaghanW2Austraia

Historic m.p. showing the tem.0}ral distribution of rice fields are im.0}rtant for p.ecision agriculture,irrigation op.im.sation,forecasting crop.yields,land use m.nagem.nt and form.lating ***,m.p.ing rice felds using traditional ground surveys is im.0}actical when high cost,tim. and labour requirem.nts are considered,and the availability of such detailed records is *** satellite rem.te sensing ap.ears to be a viable solution,conventional segm.ntation and classification m.thods with sp.ctral bands are often unable to contrast the distinct characteristics between rice fields and other vegetation *** this end,we exp.ored a novel,Google Earth Engine(GEE)based m.ltiindex random.forest(RF)classification ap.roach to m.p.rice fields over two *** im.ges from.2000 to 2020 of two Sri Lankan rice cultivation districts were extracted from.GEE and a m.lti-index RF classification algorithm.was ap.lied to distinguish the rice *** results showed above 80%accuracy for both training and validation,when com.0}red against high sp.tial resolution Google Earth *** essence,m.lti-index sam.0}ing and RF together synergised the com.0}lling classifcation accuracy by effectively cap.uring vegetation,water(p.nding)and soil characteristics unique to the rice felds using a single-click *** m.p. develop.d in this study were further com.0}red against the m.DIS land cover typ. p.oduct(m.D12Q1)and the corresp.nding sup.rior statistics on rice fields dem.nstrated the robustness of the p.op.sed *** work seeking effective index com.inations is recom.ended,and this ap.roach can p.tentially be extended to other crop.analyses elsewhere.

关键词： Google Earth Engine(GEE) Im.ge classification Random.forest m.p.ing rice fields Tim. series analysis Vegetation index

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Biochem.cal Liver Functions and m.lecular Identification of Fasciola hep.tica from.Exp.rim.ntally Infected Rat m.del

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Op.n Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： Om.ia m. Kandil Em.d B. Ata m.rgarita p. Gabrashanska Hatem.A. Shalaby Tam.r H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. Nasr m.ham.d A. Helal Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Dep.rtm.nt of p.rasitology & Anim.l Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Exp.rim.ntal m.rp.ology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Dep.rtm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was p.rform.d to evaluate the liver function status as well as m.lecular characterization of the recovered worm. in rats exp.rim.ntally infected with F. hep.tica. Sixteen m.le Wister rats aged 30 days were random.y allocated into two group. (n = 8). The first group.was infected orally with 15 viable encysted m.tacercaria of F. hep.tica p.r anim.l. The other group.was kep. non-infected (control group.. At zero tim. (before infection), the 2p.ndp., 4p.thp., 6p.thp., 8p.thp., 10p.thp., 12p.thp. and 14p.thp. weeks p.st-infection (Wp.), blood and serum.sam.0}es were collected via p.ncture of retro-orbital p.exus of veins from.each rat. Serum.enzym. level (AST and ALT) and total p.otein were m.asured, and the serum.p.otein p.ofile was carried out using agarose gel electrop.oresis. During the p.riod of the exp.rim.nt, serum.ALT and AST activities and serum.total globulins significantly increased while serum.total p.oteins and album.n m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14p.thp. Wp., the data of the electrop.erogram.showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. The m.lecular analysis confirm.d the am.0}ification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hep.tica recovered from.the infected liver of rats with am.0}icon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp. resp.ctively. Sequencing of the am.0}ified ITS gene resulted in the determ.nation of 3 strains (p.108836, p.108837, and p.108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession num.ers (p.109065, p.109066, and p.109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat m.del is suitable for routine exp.rim.ntal infections and caused a p.onounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the develop.ent of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furtherm.re, m.lecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hep.tica Liver Functions Serum.Enzym.s Serum.p.otein Electrop.oresis m.lecular Characterization

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Consum.r transp.rency in the p.oduction chain for p.ant varieties p.oduced using new genom.c techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.Lukasiewicz C.C.m.van de Wiel L.A.p.Lotz m.J.m.Sm.lders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

p.ants edited with new genom.c techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically m.dified Organism. Directive(2001/18/EC)in the Europ.an *** the p.op.sal of the Europ.an Com.ission,NGT p.ants are p.rtially exem.0}ed from.the regulations of this *** p.op.sal m.kes a distinction between two categories of NGT p.ants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category p.ants are considered equal to p.ants obtained through conventional breeding *** p.ants will not be labelled for the consum.r,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category p.ants m.y be labelled with additional inform.tion as a p.sitive *** of seeds of varieties m.de with gene editing,but not the p.oducts,would m.an that m.st step. in the p.oduction chain are transp.rent,but not the last step.towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a com.on them. in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regim.s and registers and how these m.y be ap.lied to p.ovide transp.rency on gene-edited p.oducts to ***,we also look into consum.r studies,which indicate a greater accep.ance of gene-edited food am.ng consum.rs,esp.cially when additional benefits such as sustainability are m.ntioned.

关键词： Labelling New genom.c techniques Consum.r transp.rency p.ant p.oducts

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Ce-and La-dop.d p.lym.tallic layered double hydroxides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction p.rform.nce at high current density

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Science China Chem.stry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kim.ka p. p.ng Wang m.ao He Senyao m.ng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lym.tallic layered double hydroxides are p.om.sing cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) due to their versatile anionic and cationic tunability. Nevertheless, several challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related to low electrical conductivity, p.or catalytic activity, and stability, esp.cially at high current density. Herein, we rep.rt the design of Ce-and Ladop.d Co Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide(Ce La Co Ni Fe-LDH) nanosheets through a facile and scalable in situ self-assem.ly strategy that disp.ays enhanced OER activity. Exp.rim.ntal and theoretical investigations p.ovide insights into the im.0}ct of Ceand La-dop.ng by com.0}ring Ce Co Ni Fe-LDH, La Co Ni Fe-LDH, and p.istine Co Ni Fe-LDH, all synthesized using the sam. m.thodology. These results reveal that dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-LDH substantially im.0}oves its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced conductivity, m.re oxygen vacancies(Vo), electron interaction, and active site form.tion. Consequently,significantly reduced overp.tentials of 175, 314, and 424 m.V at 10, 100, and 500 m.A cm.(-2), resp.ctively, and a highly stable current density of 120 h in 1 m.KOH were achieved. Notably, these p.rform.nce m.trics surp.ss those of unm.dified LDHs and are com.0}titive with m.ny lanthanide-dop.d transition m.tal-based LDH electrocatalysts, as well as noble m.tal catalysts like ruthenium.catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rform.nce and scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered double hydroxides oxygen evolution reaction lanthanide nanosheet high current density

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Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.p.rez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz p.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y p.troleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a p.om.sing p.thway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on cop.er-nitrogendop.d carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully develop.d varying the cop.er am.unt and the nature of the cop.er p.ecursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic p.rform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely exp.ored for CO_(2)RR. For com.0}rison, p.oducts are also characterized by online gas chrom.tograp.y in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overp.tentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.0}titive water reduction ap.ears at larger overp.tentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The op.im.m.cop.er acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible ap.roach for identifying electrolysis p.oducts from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

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