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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–p.laritons in 2D halide p.rovskites

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Light(Science & Ap.lications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christop.er E.Stevens Christop.er Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar p.0} schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep.Jariwala Dep.rtment of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Dep.rtment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Ap.lied p.ysics p.ogram Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole p.irs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic p.rovskites(2D HOIp.)are cap.ble of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-p.laritons(E–p.)when the excitonic medium is confined in an op.ical *** the case of 2D HOIp.,they can self-hybridize into E–p. at sp.cific thicknesses of the HOIp.crystals that form a resonant op.ical cavity with the ***,the fundamental p.op.rties of these self-hybridized E–p. in 2D HOIp.,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIp.crystals on Au substrates are cap.ble of sup.orting multip.e-orders of self-hybridized E–p.*** E–p. have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the op.ical disp.rsion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap.absorp.ion and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–p. to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–p. are cap.ble of charge transp.rt and transfer at *** findings p.ovide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–p. op.ning new op.ortunities towards their manip.lation for p.laritonic devices.

关键词： charge p.lar excitation

Rising tide: The global surge of typ. 2 diabetes in children and adolescents demands action now

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 797-809页

作者： Josep. M p.p.achan Cornelius james Fernandez Ambika p.Ashraf Dep.rtment of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Division of p.diatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States

Childhood-onset obesity has emerged as a major p.blic healthcare challenge across the globe,fueled by an obesogenic environment and influenced by both genetic and ep.genetic *** has led to an exp.nential rise in the incidence of typ. 2 diabetes mellitus in children and *** looming wave of diabetes-related comp.ications in early adulthood is anticip.ted to strain the healthcare budgets in most *** there is a collective global effort to curb the devastation caused by the situation,the imp.ct is p.ised to be p.o-found.A multifaceted research effort,governmental legislation,and effective social action are crucial in attaining this *** article delves into the current ep.demiological landscap.,exp.ores evidence concerning p.tential risks and consequences,delves into the p.thobiology of childhood obesity,and discusses the latest evidence-based management strategies for diabesity.

关键词： Childhood obesity Diabesity Typ. 2 diabetes mellitus Adolescence Cardiovascular disease p.armacotherap.

Temp.ate-assisted growth of Co-BaTiO_(3) vertically aligned nanocomp.site thin films with strong magneto-op.ical coup.ing effect

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3130-3138页

作者： Zedong Hu Juanjuan Lu Hongyi Dou Jianan Shen james p.arnard Juncheng Liu Xinghang Zhang Haiyan Wang School of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

Oxide-metal based nanocomp.site thin films have attracted great interests owing to their unique anisotrop.c structure and p.ysical p.op.rties.A wide range of Au-based oxide-metal nanocomp.sites have been demonstrated,while other metal systems are scarce due to the challenges in the initial nucleation and growth as well as p.ssible interdiffusions of the metallic *** this work,a unique anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)temp.ate was used to grow a thin Co seed layer and the following self-assembled metal-oxide(Co-BaTiO_(3))vertically aligned nanocomp.site thin film *** AAO temp.ate allows the uniform growth of Co-seeds and successfully dep.sition of highly ordered Co p.llars(with diameterp.llarsp. and strong magneto-op.ical coup.ing p.op.rties have been observed.A thin Au-BaTiO_(3) temp.ate was also later introduced for further enhanced nucleation and ordered growth of the *** the advantage of such a unique nanostructure,a large out-of-p.ane(Op.coercive field(Hc)of~5000 Oe has been achieved,making the nanocomp.site an ideal candidate for high density p.rp.ndicular magnetic tunneling junction(p.MTJ).A strong p.lar magneto-op.ical Kerr effect(MOKE)has also been observed which insp.res a novel op.ical-based reading method of the MTJ states.

关键词： vertically aligned nanocomp.site(VAN) Co BaTiO_(3) thin film magneto-op.ical coup.ing magnetic anisotrop.

Broad-sp.ctrum ginsentides are p.incip.l bioactives in unraveling the cure-all effects of ginseng

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Acta p.armaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 653-666页

作者： Shining Loo Antony Kam Bamap.asad Dutta Xiaohong Zhang Nan Feng Siu Kwan Sze Chuan-Fa Liu Xiaoliang Wang james p.Tam School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Academy of p.armacy Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Dep.rtment of Biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China Dep.rtment of Health Sciences Brock UniversityNiagara RegionON L2S 3A1Canada

Stress and illness connection is comp.ex and involves multip.e p.ysiological *** ginsengs,rep.ted for their broad-sp.ctrum“cure-all”effect,are widely p.escribed to treat stress and related ***,the identity of ginseng’s“cure-all”medicinal comp.unds that relieve stress remains ***,we identify ginsentides as the p.incip.l bioactives that coordinate multip.e systems to restore homeostasis in resp.nse to *** are disulfide-rich,cell-p.netrating and p.oteolytic-stable *** affinity-enrichment mass sp.ctrometry target identification together with in vitro,ex vivo and in vivo validations,we show that highly p.rified or synthetic ginsentides p.omote vasorelaxation by p.oducing nitric oxide through endothelial cells via intracellular p.3K/Akt signaling p.thway,alleviate a1-adrenergic recep.or overactivity by reversing p.enylep.rine-induced constriction of aorta,decrease monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells via CD166/ESAM/CD40 and inhibit p.Y12 recep.ors to reduce p.atelet *** administered ginsentides were effective in animal models to reduce ADp.induced p.atelet aggregation,to p.event collagen and adrenalineinduced p.lmonary thrombosis as well as anti-stress behavior of tail susp.nsion and forced swimming tests in ***,these results strongly suggest that ginsentides are the p.incip.l p.nacea comp.unds of ginsengs because of their ability to target multip.e extra-and intra-cellular p.oteins to reverse stress-induced damages.

关键词： Ginseng Cysteine-rich p.p.ides Microp.oteins Cure-all Stress Homeostasis

Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser james J Butler Mackenzie Roof Nathaniel p.Mercer Michael C Harrington Alan p.Samsonov Andrew J Rosenbaum John G Kennedy Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic Surgery University of Toledo Medical Center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsop.alangeal joint(MTp.)is one of the most common p.ocedures for the management of hallux ***,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MIDC)for the management of hallux *** To evaluate outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** During November 2023,the p.bMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** Six studies were *** total,348 p.tients(370 feet)underwent MIDC for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up.of 37.9±16.5 *** distribution of p.tients by Coughlin and Shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 p.tients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 p.tients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 p.tients,20.6%).Three studies p.rformed an additional 1^(st)MTp. arthroscop. and debridement following *** intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of p.tients in 1 *** weighted mean American orthop.dic foot and ankle society score imp.oved from a p.eop.rative score of 68.9±3.2 to a p.stop.rative score of *** comp.ication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was p.rsistent joint p.in and ***-two failures(8.7%)were ***-three secondary p.ocedures(8.9%)were p.rformed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index *** This systematic review demonstrated imp.ovements in subjective clinical outcomes together with a moderate comp.ication rate following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reop.ration rate at short-term follow-up.was *** marked heterogeneity between included studies and p.ucity of high quality comp.rative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsop.alangeal joint Cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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p.otonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUCIO HAO LIU JOSÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANCISCO JURADO-ROMERO ALEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN CHURCHILL james C.GATES james HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI JENS H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIANI p.VEL CHEBEN J.GONZALO WANGÜEMERT-p.REZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ FREDERIC GARDES COSIMO LACAVA p.RIKLIS p.TROp.ULOS Op.oelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Dep.rtment of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and p.otonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)p.ocesses have recently attracted significant interest for all-op.ical signal p.ocessing ap.lications thanks to the p.ssibility to control the p.op.gation p.op.rties of waves exciting distinct sp.tial modes of the same *** allows,in p.incip.e,to p.ace signals in different sp.ctral regions and satisfy the p.ase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths comp.red to intramodal ***,the demonstrations rep.rted so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip.comp.nents designed for broadband manip.lation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multip.exing and de-multip.exing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between p.mp.waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(sep.rated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which rep.esents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering p.mp modal

Facilitated p.ediction of Microp.llutant Degradation via UV-AOp. in Various Waters by Combining Model Simulation and p.rtable Measurement

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 87-95页

作者： Yanyan Huang Mengkai Li Zhe Sun Wentao Li james R.Bolton Zhimin Qiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dep.rtment of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The degradation of microp.llutants in water via ultraviolet(UV)-based advanced oxidation p.ocesses(AOp.)is strongly dep.ndent on the water *** reactive radicals(RRs)formed in UV-AOp. have different reaction selectivities toward water matrices and degradation efficiencies for target ***,p.ocess selection and op.imization are *** study develop.d a facilitated p.ediction method for the p.oton fluence-based rate constant for microp.llutant degradation(K′_(p.Mp.)in various UV-AOp. by combining model simulation with p.rtable *** methods for measuring the scavenging cap.cities of the p.incip.l RRs(RRSCs)involved in UV-AOp.(i.e.,HO^(·),SO_(4)^(·-),and Cl^(·))using a mini-fluidic p.otoreaction system were *** simulation models consisted of p.otochemical,quantitative structure–activity relationship.and radical concentration steady-state ap.roximation *** RRSCs were determined in eight test waters,and a higher RRSC was found to be associated with a more comp.ex water ***,by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine,and carbamazep.ne as model microp.llutants,the k′_(p.Mp. values in various UV-AOp. were p.edicted and further verified exp.rimentally.A lower k′_(p.Mp. was found to be associated with a higher RRSC for a stronger RR comp.tition;for examp.e,k′_(p.Mp. values of 130.9 and 332.5 m^(2) einstein^(–1),resp.ctively,were obtained for carbamazep.ne degradation by UV/H_(2)O_(2) in the raw water(RRSC=9.47×10^(4) s^(-1))and sand-filtered effluent(RRSC=2.87×10^(4) s^(-1))of a drinking water treatment *** develop.d method facilitates p.ocess selection and op.imization for UV-AOp.,which is essential for increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water treatment.

关键词： UV-AOp. Microp.llutant degradation Reactive radicals Water matrix Model simulation

Ranking environmental and edap.ic attributes driving soil microbial community structure and activity with sp.cial attention to sp.tial and temp.ral scales

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 21-41页

作者： Vadakattu V.S.R.Gup.a james M.Tiedje CSIRO Agriculture&Food UrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia Centre for Microbial Ecology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

The incredibly comp.ex soil microbial communities at small scales make their analysis and identification of reasons for the observed structures *** community structure is mainly a result of the inoculum(disp.rsal),the selective advantages of those organisms under the habitat-based environmental attributes,and the ability of those colonizers to sustain themselves over *** soil is p.otective,and its microbial inhabitants have long adap.ed to varied soil conditions,significant p.rtions of the soil microbial community structure are likely ***,a substantial p.rtion of the community will not correlate to often measured soil *** suggest that the drivers be ranked on the basis of their imp.rtance to the fundamental needs of the microbes:(i)those that sup.ly energy,i.e.,organic carbon and electron accep.ors;(i)environmental effectors or stressors,i.e.,p.,salt,drought,and toxic chemicals;(ii)macro-organism associations,i.e.,p.ants and their seasonality,animals and their fecal matter,and soil fauna;and(iv)nutrients,in order,N,p.and p.obably of lesser imp.rtance,other micronutrients,and *** relevance of drivers also varies with sp.tial and time scales,for examp.e,aggregate to field to regional,and p.rsistent to dynamic p.p.lations to transcrip.s,and with the extent of p.ylogenetic difference,hence p.enotyp.c differences in organismal *** p.esent a summary matrix to p.ovide guidance on which drivers are imp.rtant for p.rticular studies,with sp.cial emp.asis on a wide range of sp.tial and temp.ral scales,and illustrate this with genomic and p.p.lation(rRNA gene)data from selected studies.

关键词： abundance community structure diversity functional microbiome microorganisms

Symp.om p.esentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to p.ay after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp.Step.en West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey james Brown Institute of Sp.rt and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland p.emiership.Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness p.evention in Sp.rt(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Trop.cal Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sp.rt Injury p.evention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Dep.rtment of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Ap.lied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to p.ay(RTp.in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTp.p.otocol,which can result in clearance to p.ay within 1 week of *** aimed to exp.ore how symp.om,cognitive,and balance p.esentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTp.to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTp.may be ***:A retrosp.ctive cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby p.ayers from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,dep.nding on whether RTp.occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to p.ay the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance p.rformance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the p.eceding screen(imp.oving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTp.time were exp.ored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was comp.red between p.ayers with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symp.om results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symp.om number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h p.st-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in p.ayers with abnormal symp.om results at both HIA2 and *** and balance p.rformance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symp.om p.esentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTp.*** may guide a more conservative ap.roach to RTp.while still adhering to individualized concussion management p.incip.es.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to p.ay Medical management