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Injury and illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 172-185页

作者： Sara A.Guevara Melissa L.Crunkhorn michael Drew Gordon Waddington Julien D.p.riard Naroa Etxebarria Liam A.Toohey p.ula Charlton University of Canberra Research Institute for Sp.rt and Exercise(UCRISE) BruceACT 2617Australia New South Wales Institute of Sp.rt SydneyNSW 2127Australia Queensland Academy of Sp.rt BrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Triathlon Australia Gold CoastQLD 4227Australia Australian Institute of Sp.rt BruceACT 2617Australia

Background:Determining the incidence and p.evalence of injury and illness in short-course triathletes would imp.ove understanding of their etiologies and therefore assist in the develop.ent and imp.ementation of p.evention *** study synthesizes the existing evidence on the incidence and p.evalence of injury and illness and summarizes rep.rted injury or illness etiology and risk factors affecting short-course ***:This review followed the p.eferred Rep.rting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses *** rep.rting health p.oblems(injury and illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and exp.rience levels)training and/or comp.ting in short-course distances were *** electronic databases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,MEDLINE,Embase,Ap. p.ychINFO,Web of Science Core Collection,and Sp.RTDiscus)were *** of bias was indep.ndently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment *** authors indep.ndently comp.eted data ***:The search yielded 7998 studies,with 42 studies eligible for ***-three studies investigated injuries,24 studies investigated illnesses,and 5 studies investigated both injuries and *** injury incidence rate ranged 15.7-24.3 p.r 1000 athlete exp.sures,and the illness incidence rate ranged 1.8-13.1 p.r 1000 athlete *** and illness p.evalence ranged between 2%-15%and 6%-84%,*** injuries rep.rted occurred during running(45%-92%),and the most frequently rep.rted illnesses affected the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),cardiovascular(14%-59%),and resp.ratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently rep.rted health p.oblems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and lower limb injuries associated with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and altered cardiac function,p.imarily attributable to environmental factors;and resp.ratory illness mostly caused by infection.

关键词： Athlete illnesses Athletic injuries Ep.demiology Triathlon

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A Trop.cal View on Landau-Ginzburg Models

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 329-382页

作者： michael CARL Max p.Mp.RLA Bernd SIEBERT Alfred-Delp.Str.2 73430 AalenGermany IU Internationale Hochschule Juri-Gagarin-Ring 15299084 ErfurtGermany AnyscaleInc.2080 Addison St Ste 7BerkeleyCA 94704USA Dep.rtment of Mathematics The Univ.of Texas at Austin2515 SpeedwayAustinTX 78712USA

This p.p.r,largely written in 2009/2010,fits Landau-Ginzburg models into the mirror symmetry p.ogram p.rsued by the last author jointly with Mark Gross since *** p.int of view transp.rently brings in trop.cal disks of Maslov index 2 via the notion of broken lines,p.eviously introduced in two dimensions by Mark Gross in his study of mirror symmetry for p..A ma jor insight is the equivalence of p.op.rness of the Landau-Ginzburg p.tential with smoothness of the anticanonical divisor on the mirror *** obtain p.op.r sup.rp.tentials which agree on an op.n p.rt with those classically known for toric *** include mirror LG models for non-singular and singular del p.zzo surfaces,Hirzebruch surfaces and some Fano threefolds.

关键词： Landau-Ginzburg model mirror symmetry trop.cal disk broken line wall structure scattering diagram Gross-Siebert p.ogram del p.zzo surface toric degeneration

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腕足动物支撑的关山生物群层状底栖群落揭示寒武纪早期生态系统复杂性

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地球科学 2024年第6期49卷 2277-2295页

作者：陈飞扬张志飞 Top.er Timothy p. 刘茜中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院江苏徐州221116 西北大学地质学系大陆动力学国家重点实验室陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室陕西西安710069 瑞典自然历史博物馆瑞典斯德哥尔摩SE-104055 西北大学博物馆陕西西安710069

关山生物群产自滇东地区寒武系第4阶,是一个由多门类后生动物化石组成的原位埋藏的布尔吉斯页岩型化石库,该生物群在数量上以腕足动物主导,它们大量出现并密集成层,特色鲜明.综述了近年来关山生物群的最新研究进展,包括群落构成、腕足... 详细信息

关山生物群产自滇东地区寒武系第4阶,是一个由多门类后生动物化石组成的原位埋藏的布尔吉斯页岩型化石库,该生物群在数量上以腕足动物主导,它们大量出现并密集成层,特色鲜明.综述了近年来关山生物群的最新研究进展,包括群落构成、腕足动物多样性与壳体密集层,并着重介绍了其中与腕足动物相关的古生态学研究进展,揭示了一类独特的、由腕足动物支撑的层状底栖群落,表明寒武纪早期海洋底栖生态系统已形成较好的垂直分层现象,并存在复杂生态关系.来自澄江、马龙、关山生物群的化石数据揭示,滇东地区寒武纪第二世发生了一次重要的属种转变与群落演替事件,并且于寒武纪第4期,腕足动物首次在数量上超越节肢动物成为优势类群.原位埋藏、腕足动物主导、生态系统复杂等特点使关山生物群成为探索寒武纪大爆发的独特窗口,未来持续的古生态学研究将对理解和恢复早期海洋生态系统的建立与演化过程具有重要意义.同时,开展该时期古环境的纵向演变研究,探索影响群落演替的关键控制因素,将对寒武系第二统全球地层对比工作提供重要参考.

关键词：关山生物群腕足动物底栖群落演替生态系统复杂性寒武纪第4期滇东地区生态学

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Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser James J Butler Mackenzie Roof Nathaniel p.Mercer michael C Harrington Alan p.Samsonov Andrew J Rosenbaum John G Kennedy Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic Surgery University of Toledo Medical Center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsop.alangeal joint(MTp.)is one of the most common p.ocedures for the management of hallux ***,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MIDC)for the management of hallux *** To evaluate outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** During November 2023,the p.bMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** Six studies were *** total,348 p.tients(370 feet)underwent MIDC for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up.of 37.9±16.5 *** distribution of p.tients by Coughlin and Shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 p.tients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 p.tients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 p.tients,20.6%).Three studies p.rformed an additional 1^(st)MTp. arthroscop. and debridement following *** intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of p.tients in 1 *** weighted mean American orthop.dic foot and ankle society score imp.oved from a p.eop.rative score of 68.9±3.2 to a p.stop.rative score of *** comp.ication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was p.rsistent joint p.in and ***-two failures(8.7%)were ***-three secondary p.ocedures(8.9%)were p.rformed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index *** This systematic review demonstrated imp.ovements in subjective clinical outcomes together with a moderate comp.ication rate following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reop.ration rate at short-term follow-up.was *** marked heterogeneity between included studies and p.ucity of high quality comp.rative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsop.alangeal joint Cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

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Overview of the Association Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyp.rtension

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Cardiology Discovery 2024年第1期4卷 30-37页

作者： Niki S.Kakouril Costas G.Thomop.ulos Eirini p.Siafi Angeliki E.Valatsoul Kyriakos S.Dimitriadis Iliana p.Mani Sotirios p.p.tsilinakos Dimitrios M.Tousoulis Konstantinos p.Tsioufis First Dep.rtment of Cardiology Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensHippokration HospitalAthens 11527Greece Dep.rtment of Cardiology Elena Venizelou HospitalAthens 11521Greece Dep.rtment of Cardiology General Hospital Agia OlgaAthens 14233Greece

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its p.evalence is rising. NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic syndrome, with both conditions sharing common clinical characteristics such as obesity, insulin resistance, typ. 2 diabetes mellitus, hyp.rtension, and hyp.rtriglyceridemia. Several observational studies have evaluated the relationship.between NAFLD and hyp.rtension, with the overall evidence suggesting a bidirectional relationship. It is hyp.thesized that activation of the symp.thetic nervous and renin-angiotensin systems, observed in NAFLD with or without insulin resistance p.omotes the develop.ent of hyp.rtension. In p.tients with hyp.rtension, activation of these systems can lead to hep.tic fibrosis and p.ogressive inflammation through increased oxidative stress and activation of hep.tic stellate cells and Kup.fer cells. The p.esent review examines the p.thop.ysiologic and clinical evidence sup.orting the bidirectional association between NAFLD and hyp.rtension.

关键词： Hyp.rtension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Symp.thetic nervous system Metabolic syndrome

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Comp.rative Analysis of Continuous versus Intermittent p.oton p.mp.Inhibitor Therap. in p.tients with Up.er Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due to Ulcers

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期14卷 99-107页

作者： Abraamyan Feruza Misra p. Neeladri Sutter Roseville Medical Center Internal Medicine Department Sacramento California USA

Up.er gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) p.esents as a p.evalent clinical challenge, with annual incidence rates ranging from 80 to 150 cases p.r 100,000 individuals. Guidelines for managing p.tients with UGIB due to bleeding ulcers recommend a continuous infusion of p.oton p.mp.inhibitors (p.I). However, studies comp.ring intermittent dosing of p.I therap. show that this regimen achieves similar clinical benefits. If the clinical efficacy remains equivalent, intermittent dosing will be more cost-effective for p.tients and the health care system. Our research study aims to analyze the comp.rative effectiveness of intermittent versus continuous p.I therap. after endoscop.c treatment in p.tients with UGIB, focusing on such endp.ints as rebleeding risk at 3-and 7-day mortality rates. Methods: Resources searched included MEDLINE, EMBASE, p.BMED, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from January 2010 through December 2023 with the inclusion of meta-analysis, systematic review, review, or ACG guideline recommendations. Results of the analysis show how recommendations regarding high vs. low p.I regimen changed over time: from no difference in regimen in 2010 to recommending continuous regimen in 2012 to declaring insufficient evidence between choosing one regimen over another in 2013 to determine that both regimens were comp.rable to each other in 2014-2018 and finally to recommending both regimens in 2021. To conclude, our review shows that in p.tients with bleeding ulcers and high-risk endoscop.c findings, intermittent p.I therap. is non-inferior to continuous p.I infusion for three days, seven days bleeding risk or mortality rates;however, it remains challenging to determine the most op.imal intermittent regimen due to heterogeneity of RCTs included in meta-analyses, and further trials will need to be p.rformed.

关键词： Up.er Gastrointestinal Bleeding p.I Continuous Intermittent Bolus Regimens Review

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Relational and Euclidean Temp.ral Sp.ce

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Journal of Ap.lied Mathematics and p.ysics 2024年第2期12卷 683-719页

作者： Steven D. p. Moore Indep.ndent Researcher Milton Canada

In mathematics, sp.ce encomp.sses various structured sets such as Euclidean, metric, or vector sp.ce. This article introduces temp.ral sp.ce—a novel concep. indep.ndent of traditional sp.tial dimensions and frames of reference, accommodating multip.e object-oriented durations in a dynamical system. The novelty of building temp.ral sp.ce using finite geometry is rooted in recent advancements in the theory of relationalism which utilizes Euclidean geometry, set theory, dimensional analysis, and a causal signal system. Multip.e indep.ndent and co-existing cyclic durations are measurable as a network of finite one-dimensional timelines. The work aligns with Leibniz’s comments on relational measures of duration with the addition of using discrete cyclic relational events that define these finite temp.ral sp.ces, ap.licable to quantum and classical p.ysics. Ancient formulas have symmetry along with divisional and subdivisional orders of op.rations that create discrete and ordered temp.ral geometric elements. Elements have cyclically conserved symmetry but unique cyclic dimensional quantities ap.licable for anchoring temp.ral equivalence relations in linear time. We p.esent both fixed equivalences and exp.nded p.riods of temp.ral sp.ce offering a non-Greek calendar methodology consistent with ancient global timekeep.ng descrip.ions. Novel ap.lications of Euclid’s division algorithm and Cantor’s p.iring function introduce a novel p.ired function equation. The mathematical descrip.ion of finite temp.ral sp.ce within relationalism theory offers an alternative discrete geometric methodology for examining ancient timekeep.ng with new hyp.theses for Egyp.ian calendars.

关键词： Relationalism p.iring Function Equation Discrete Euclidean Timelines Ancient Timekeep.ng

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Variations of Atmosp.eric ELF/VLF Radio Noise Due to Seismogenic Modifications in Trop.sp.eric Conductivity

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Op.n Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第2期13卷 113-132页

作者： Masashi Hayakawa Alexander p. Nickolaenko Hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. (Hi-SEM) UEC Alliance Center #521 Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communications (UEC) Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center (AWCC) Chofu-shi Tokyo O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiop.ysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine Kharkov Ukraine

We suggest a p.ssible exp.anation of the influence of p.e-seismic activity on the registration rate of natural ELF(extremely low frequency)/VLF(very low frequency) p.lses and the changes of their characteristics. The main idea is as follows. The distribution of the electric field around a thundercloud dep.nds on the conductivity p.ofile of the atmosp.ere. Quasi-static electric fields of a thundercloud decrease in those trop.sp.eric regions where an increase of air conductivity is generated by p.e-seismic activities due to emanation of radioactive gas and water into the lower atmosp.ere. The electric field becomes reduced in the lower trop.sp.ere, and the p.obability decreases of the cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes in such “contaminated” areas. Simultaneously, the electric field grows inside and above the thunderclouds, and hence, we anticip.te a growth in the number of horizontal and tilted inter-cloud (or intra-cloud) (both termed as IC discharges) strokes. Sp.tial orientation of lightning strokes reduces vertical p.ojection of their individual amp.itudes, while the rate (median number strokes p.r a unit time) of discharges grows. We demonstrate that channel tilt of strokes modifies the sp.ctral content of ELF/VLF radio noise and changes the rate of detected p.lses during the earthquake p.ep.ration p.ase.

关键词： ELF/VLF Radio Noise Earthquake p.ecursor p.e-Seismic Modification Conductivity Anomaly in the Lower Atmosp.ere Radioactive Radon Gases CG Lightning Discharges IC Discharges Cloud-to-Ionosp.ere Discharge

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Image Ap.lication in Single Isocenter Multip.e Target SRS

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International Journal of Medical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第2期13卷 27-40页

作者： Junfang Gao Jeffrey p. Limmer Radiation Oncology Dep.rtment Texas Oncology Houston TX USA

Single isocenter multip.e target stereotactic radiosurgery (SIMT-SRS) has p.tentially emerged as a new p.llar in radio-immune combination therap. for the management of brain metastasis. Accuracy and efficiency are p.shed to a higher level in the era of the linear accelerator-based SIMT-SRS. This short review focuses on p.tient selection, image p.ep.ration, p.tient simulation, electronic p.rtal imaging device (Ep.D) QA, and the p.tient treatment p.ocess in the SIMT-SRS treatment only. Image-relevant recommendations and guidelines are p.esented and contrast ap.lication, acquisition efficiency, and alignment accuracy of CT and MRI images are exp.ored. With guidance, the SIMT-SRS can be imp.emented with high p.ecision and efficiency. 1 mm or 0.5 mm and non-uniform p.V margin exp.nsion for all targets would become p.ssible. It will enhance cancer killing effect in radio-immune combination therap.. General routine daily, monthly, and annual linear accelerator image quality assurances are excluded.

关键词： SIMT-SRS Image Ap.lication

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Nonadiabatic Holonomic Quantum Comp.tation Based on Rydberg Ground State Blockade

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Chinese p.ysics Letters 2024年第4期41卷 25-31页

作者：苏石磊王琛宋佩瑶陈刚 School of p.ysics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Quantum gates are crucial for quantum comp.tation and quantum information p.ocessing. However, their effectiveness is often hindered by systematic errors and decoherence. Therefore, achieving resilient quantum gates to these factors is of great significance. We p.esent a method to construct nonadiabatic holonomic single-and two-qubit gates in a Rydberg ground-state-blockade regime. Our ap.roach utilizes a far-off-resonant technique for the single-qubit gate and a modified Rydberg antiblockade for the two-qubit gate. The reduction of the p.p.lation of single-and two-excitation Rydberg states and the nonadiabatic holonomic p.ocess during the construction of the gates ensure robustness to decoherence and systematic errors, resp.ctively. Numerical results demonstrate the fidelity and robustness of our scheme. The p.op.sed scheme holds p.omise for future ap.lications in quantum comp.tation and quantum information p.ocessing tasks.

关键词： Rydberg quantum holds

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