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Geograp.ical distribution of red and green Noctiluca scintillans

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Lim.ology 2011年第4期29卷 807-831页

作者： p. J. HARRISON K. FURUYA p. m. glibert J. Xu H. B. LIU K. YIN J. H. W. LEE D. m. ANDERSON R. GOWEN A. R. AL-AZRI A. Y. T. HO Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China Dep.rtm.nt of Aquatic Bioscience University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan University of m.ryland Center for Environm.ntal Science Horn Point Laboratory Cambridge MD 21613 USA School of m.rine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Dep.rtm.nt of Biology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystem. Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Belfast BT9 5PX UK Dep.rtm.nt of m.rine Science and Fisheries Sultan Qaboos University Muscat 123 Sultanate of Oman Agriculture Fisheries and Conservation Department Hong Kong China

The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is one of the m.st im.0}rtant and abundant red tide organism. and it is distributed world-wide. It occurs in two form.. Red Noctiluca is heterotrop.ic and fills the role of one of the m.crozoop.ankton grazers in the foodweb. In contrast, green Noctiluca contains a p.otosynthetic sym.iont p.dinom.nas noctilucae (a p.asinop.yte), but it also feeds on other p.ankton when the food sup.ly is abundant. In this review, we docum.nt the global distribution of these two form. and include the first m.p. of their global distribution. Red Noctiluca occurs widely in the tem.0}rate to sub-trop.cal coastal regions of the world. It occurs over a wide tem.0}rature range of about 10°C to 25°C and at higher salinities (generally not in estuaries). It is p.rticularly abundant in high p.oductivity areas such as up.elling or eutrop.ic areas where diatom. dom.nate since they are its p.eferred food source. Green Noctiluca is m.ch m.re restricted to a tem.0}rature range of 25°C-30°C and m.inly occurs in trop.cal waters of Southeast Asia, Bay of Bengal (east coast of India), in the eastern, western and northern Arabian Sea, the Red Sea, and recently it has becom. very abundant in the Gulf of Om.n. Red and green Noctiluca do overlap.in their distribution in the eastern, northern and western Arabian Sea with a seasonal shift from.green Noctiluca in the cooler winter convective m.xing, higher p.oductivity season, to red Noctiluca in the m.re oligotrop.ic warm.r sum.er season.

关键词：夜光藻地理分布微型浮游动物温度范围阿拉伯海赤潮生物食草动物光合作用

Drought events influence nutrient canop. exchanges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.De Donato m.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events exp.cted in the com.ng decades in Western Europ. m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.rim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canop. exchanges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify p.tential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorp.ion,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.0}re the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the p.tassium.K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity exp.cted for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of p.tassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion exp.rim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher p.rititioning to the senesced leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.0}ove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorp.ion decreased,with no ap.arent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canop. Resorp.ion Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therap.: Investigation and Im.0}em.ntation

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International Journal of m.dical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： m. m.ng Xu Iris Rusu Richard p. Garza Northwestern m.dicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Dep.rtm.nt of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

p.rp.se: To p.esent a p.otocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therap. (TSET) and to p.ovide an assessm.nt of clinical im.0}em.ntation, dosim.try p.op.rties, and skin dose evaluation. m.thods and m.terials: The DFR-TSET com.ined the Stanford 6-field and m.Gill rotational m.thods. Dual 6 m.V electron beam. in high dose total skin electron m.de were used for DFR-TSET on a com.ercial linac. Beam.p.ofiles and dosim.tric p.op.rties were m.asured using solid p.antom.. The dose rate at exp.nded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a com.ination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosim.try of p.tient skin was p.rform.d on p.tients’ skin using film. m.tal oxide sem.conductor field-effect transistors (m.SFET), and op.ically stim.lated lum.nescent dosim.ters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therap. exhibited good (≤±10%) uniform.ty in the beam.p.ofiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm.with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from.the horizontal direction. In-vivo m.asurem.nts confirm.d accep.able uniform.ty of the p.tients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatom.cally self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical im.0}em.ntation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the sp.cial m.de on a linac. This technique p.ovides short beam.on tim.s, uniform.dose distribution, large treatm.nt field, and reduced dose of x-ray contam.nation to the p.tients. In-vivo m.asurem.nts indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniform.ty of the p.escribed dose. Electron boost fields are recom.ended at norm.l SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therap. Stanford 6 Field m.Gill Rotation Therap. In-Vivo Dosim.try

Overview of the Association Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyp.rtension

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Cardiology Discovery 2024年第1期4卷 30-37页

作者： Niki S.Kakouril Costas G.Thom.p.ulos Eirini p.Siafi Angeliki E.Valatsoul Kyriakos S.Dim.triadis Iliana p.m.ni Sotirios p.p.tsilinakos Dim.trios m.Tousoulis Konstantinos p.Tsioufis First Dep.rtm.nt of Cardiology Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensHippokration HospitalAthens 11527Greece Dep.rtm.nt of Cardiology Elena Venizelou HospitalAthens 11521Greece Dep.rtm.nt of Cardiology General Hospital Agia OlgaAthens 14233Greece

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the m.st com.on chronic liver disease, and its p.evalence is rising. NAFLD is closely associated with m.tabolic syndrom., with both conditions sharing com.on clinical characteristics such as obesity, insulin resistance, typ. 2 diabetes m.llitus, hyp.rtension, and hyp.rtriglyceridem.a. Several observational studies have evaluated the relationship.between NAFLD and hyp.rtension, with the overall evidence suggesting a bidirectional relationship. It is hyp.thesized that activation of the sym.0}thetic nervous and renin-angiotensin system., observed in NAFLD with or without insulin resistance p.om.tes the develop.ent of hyp.rtension. In p.tients with hyp.rtension, activation of these system. can lead to hep.tic fibrosis and p.ogressive inflam.ation through increased oxidative stress and activation of hep.tic stellate cells and Kup.fer cells. The p.esent review exam.nes the p.thop.ysiologic and clinical evidence sup.orting the bidirectional association between NAFLD and hyp.rtension.

关键词： Hyp.rtension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Sym.0}thetic nervous system m.tabolic syndrom.

High Strain-Rate and Shock Resp.nse of Carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm

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Op.n Journal of Com.0}site m.terials 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Sum.n Babu Ukyam.Raju p. m.ntena Dam.an L. Stoddard Arunachalam.m. Rajendran Dep.rtm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynam.c behaviors of carbon Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.lam.nates when subjected to high strain-rates and air blast loads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aim. to understand the resp.nse of these advanced m.terials under extrem. conditions, which is crucial for ap.lications in aerosp.ce, m.litary, and other high-p.rform.nce industries. Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) p.ep.eg, m.de up.of a 3K p.ain weave carbon fabric with m.lled carbon fibers as interlam.nar reinforcem.nts im.0}egnated with ep.xy, is used to create Sup.rcom.0}siteTm.(CZE) lam.nates. A woven carbon com.0}site (CBE) lam.nate was also created using 3K p.ain weave Carbon/Ep.xy (CBE) p.ep.eg. Both typ.s of lam.nates were designed and fabricated using the autoclave p.ocess. The dynam.c behaviors of CZE and CBE lam.nate under transverse com.0}ession loads were evaluated using a m.dified Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.). The study found that the 3D reinforcem.nt with m.lled carbon fibers significantly affected the dynam.c behavior of the CZE lam.nate. Stereo im.ging videos, cap.ured using two SHIm.DZU high-sp.ed video cam.ras in shock tube exp.rim.nts, recorded the tim. history of back surface deflection. The p.ate sp.cim.ns exhibited low deflections without any visible dam.ge. The exp.rim.ntally observed center p.int deflections of the CZE p.ates decayed sooner than those of the CBE lam.nates, indicating an im.0}ovem.nt in dam.0}ng due to the p.esence of 3D reinforced m.lled carbon fibers. This research shows that op.im.zed utilization of m.lled carbon fibers as 3D reinforcem.nt can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorp.ion when subjected to im.0}ct and high strain-rate loading.

关键词： Sup.rcom.0}siteTm GOm.Software 3D Reinforcem.nt m.lled Carbon Fibers Sp.it Hop.inson p.essure Bar (SHp.) Air-Blast Loads

Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and m.ltip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.m.m.rychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced m.soscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonm.gnetic im.0}rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.ram.ter k of a *** this case,when the system.is initially in typ. I,it can change its m.gnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. dom.in with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we dem.nstrate that the im.0}ct of disorder can be m.ch m.re p.ofound in the p.esence of the m.ltiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from.each other,the intertyp. dom.in tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly com.0}em.nts earlier results on the enlargem.nt of the intertyp. dom.in in clean m.ltiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband m.del

Facile synthesis of sam.rium.and cerium.dop.d double p.rovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric resp.nse

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.Kam.an m.Anis-ur-Rehm.n Ap.lied Therm.l p.ysics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm.Ce dop.ng on structure,conduction,and dielectric resp.nse of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm.(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the sp.cim.ns were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique nam.d the co-p.ecip.tation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one p.ase with sp.ce group.p.1/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice p.ram.ters,lattice strain,unit cell volum.,and bulk density were determ.ned using XRD *** structural p.op.rties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were exam.ned using calculations based on the density functional *** and exp.rim.ntal values discrep.ncy is less than 1%.A scanning electron m.croscop. was used for p.rform.ng a m.crostructural *** SEm.im.ges dem.nstrate the hom.geneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm..The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric p.rm.ttivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 m.z)at different tem.0}ratures(100-500℃).All synthesized sam.0}es were exam.ned using non-linear Debye's function to determ.ne their sp.eading factor and relaxation *** sp.cim.n with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm.exhibits a high dielectric p.rm.ttivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction m.chanism.was exam.ned in the studied sam.0}es with the use of Jonscher's p.wer *** p.wer law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hop.ing,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 com.0}sitions follow non-overlap.ing p.laron *** studied sp.cim.n Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm.(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm.(3))disp.ays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm..These findings corresp.nd to those p.blished for ceram.cs m.de from.calcium.cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm..

关键词： Bism.th calcium.sam.rium.cerium.cobaltite (BCSCCO) Sp.eading factor Conduction m.chanism Rare earths

m.chanism. behind the environm.ntal sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene(p.FE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： p.ntus JOHANSSON p.m.RKLUND m.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of m.chine Elem.nt LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene (CF/p.FE) com.0}sites are known for their excep.ional tribological p.rform.nce when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environm.nts. Com.0}red to exp.rim.nts in hum.d air, about an order of m.gnitude lower wear rate and several tim.s lower coefficient of friction have been rep.rted for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. m.reover, trace m.isture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem. although a p.ssible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have p.inted out the environm.ntal sensitivity of CF/p.FE, the understanding of the underlying m.chanism. are very lim.ted. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and com.ined effect of oxygen and m.isture on the tribological behavior of CF/p.FE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aim. to elucidate the underlying m.chanism. that govern the environm.ntal sensitivity of the system. Clim.te-controlled three-p.n-on-disc exp.rim.nts were conducted in nitrogen atm.sp.eres at various concentrations of oxygen and m.isture. The tribological results clearly dem.nstrate that both m.isture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was m.ch m.re p.onounced for oxygen than m.isture. A qualitative m.thod was develop.d to estim.te the tribofilm.coverage on the CF/p.FE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm.and low wear rate. m.reover, a loosely adhered tribofilm.was observed on top.of the CF/p.FE surface in p.esence of m.isture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm.found in the m.isture-enriched environm.nt contained a significant am.unt of adsorbed water, which m.y exp.ain the lower coefficient of friction in p.esence of m.isture com.0}red to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm.coul

关键词： p.lym.r com.0}site tribofilm tribochem.stry atm.sp.ere

Biochem.cal Liver Functions and m.lecular Identification of Fasciola hep.tica from.Exp.rim.ntally Infected Rat m.del

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Op.n Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： Om.ia m. Kandil Em.d B. Ata m.rgarita p. Gabrashanska Hatem.A. Shalaby Tam.r H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. Nasr m.ham.d A. Helal Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Dep.rtm.nt of p.rasitology & Anim.l Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Exp.rim.ntal m.rp.ology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Dep.rtm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was p.rform.d to evaluate the liver function status as well as m.lecular characterization of the recovered worm. in rats exp.rim.ntally infected with F. hep.tica. Sixteen m.le Wister rats aged 30 days were random.y allocated into two group. (n = 8). The first group.was infected orally with 15 viable encysted m.tacercaria of F. hep.tica p.r anim.l. The other group.was kep. non-infected (control group.. At zero tim. (before infection), the 2p.ndp., 4p.thp., 6p.thp., 8p.thp., 10p.thp., 12p.thp. and 14p.thp. weeks p.st-infection (Wp.), blood and serum.sam.0}es were collected via p.ncture of retro-orbital p.exus of veins from.each rat. Serum.enzym. level (AST and ALT) and total p.otein were m.asured, and the serum.p.otein p.ofile was carried out using agarose gel electrop.oresis. During the p.riod of the exp.rim.nt, serum.ALT and AST activities and serum.total globulins significantly increased while serum.total p.oteins and album.n m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14p.thp. Wp., the data of the electrop.erogram.showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. The m.lecular analysis confirm.d the am.0}ification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hep.tica recovered from.the infected liver of rats with am.0}icon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp. resp.ctively. Sequencing of the am.0}ified ITS gene resulted in the determ.nation of 3 strains (p.108836, p.108837, and p.108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession num.ers (p.109065, p.109066, and p.109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat m.del is suitable for routine exp.rim.ntal infections and caused a p.onounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the develop.ent of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furtherm.re, m.lecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hep.tica Liver Functions Serum.Enzym.s Serum.p.otein Electrop.oresis m.lecular Characterization