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Interactive Effects of Elevated CO_2 and Growth Temp.rature on the Tolerance of p.otosynthesis to Acute Heat Stress in C_3 and C_4 Sp.cies

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Journal of Integrative p.ant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1375-1387页

作者： E. William Hamilton III Scott A. Heckathorn p.neet joshi Dan Wang Deep.k Barua Dep.rtment of Biology Washington and Lee University Lexington Virginia USA Dep.rtment of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA

Determining effects of elevated CO2 on the tolerance of p.otosynthesis to acute heat-stress （heat wave） is necessary for p.edicting p.ant resp.nses to global warming, as p.otosynthesis is thermolabile and acute heat-stress and atmosp.eric CO2 will increase in the future. Few studies have examined this, and p.st results are variable, which may be due to methodological variation. To address this, we grew two C3 and two C4 sp.cies at current or elevated CO2 and three different growth temp.ratures （GT）. We assessed p.otosynthetic thermotolerance in both unacclimated （basal tolerance） and p.eheat-stressed （p.eHS = acclimated） p.ants. In C3 sp.cies, basal thermotolerance of net p.otosynthesis （p.） was increased in high CO2, but in C4 sp.cies, p. thermotlerance was decreased by high CO2 （excep. Zea mays at low GT）; CO2 effects in p.eHS p.ants were mostly small or absent, though high CO2 was detrimental in one C3 and one C4 sp.cies at warmer GT. Though high CO2 generally decreased stomatal conductance, decreases in p. during heat stress were mostly due to non-stomatal effects. p.otosystem Ⅱ （p.Ⅱ） efficiency was often decreased by high CO2 during heat stress, esp.cially at high GT; CO2 effects on p.st-p.Ⅱ electron transp.rt were variable. Thus, high CO2 often affected p.otosynthetic theromotolerance, and the effects varied with p.otosynthetic p.thway, growth temp.rature, and acclimation state. Most imp.rtantly, in heat-stressed p.ants at normal or warmer growth temp.ratures, high CO2 may often decrease, or not benefit as exp.cted, tolerance of p.otosynthesis to acute heat stress. Therefore, interactive effects of elevated CO2 and warmer growth temp.ratures on acute heat tolerance may contribute to future changes in p.ant p.oductivity, distribution, and diversity.

关键词： carbon dioxide global climate change p.otosynthesis thermotolerance.

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Glycemic Indices of Multip.e Oral Nutritional Sup.lements: A Randomized Cross-Over Study in Indian Adults

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 941-962页

作者： Deep.i Khanna Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gup.a Simran Sethi p.rth joshi Manoj p.reek Divya Agrawal Hindustan Unilever Limited R&D Department Gurugram India Indep.ndent Biostatistician & Researcher Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

Background: A randomized cross-over study was conducted to assess the glycemic index (GI) of seven Oral Nutritional Sup.lements (ONSs). These ONSs are designed to sup.ort the nutritional requirements of different age-group., p.ysiological states, or health conditions among Indian adults. Methods: The study had two p.ases viz., p.ase1 (n = 18) studied two ONSs: A1 and B1 and p.ase 2 (n = 20) studied five ONSs: A2, B2, C2, D2 & E2. The subjects were healthy, non-diabetic adults, aged between 20 - 44 years with a mean Body Mass Index of 21.2 ± 1.52 kg/mp.2p. (p.ase 1) and 21.0 ± 1.45 kg/mp.2p. (p.ase 2). All these ONSs were comp.red with reference drinks (glucose). The carbohydrates in one serving of each ONS were matched to carbohydrates from 25 grams of glucose following ISO 2010 guidelines. Cap.llary blood was assessed for blood glucose resp.nse at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. GI was calculated as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the test drinks and exp.essed as a p.rcentage of the average iAUC from glucose. Results: p.ase 1 indicated that the high fiber diabetes-sp.cific nutrition sup.lement A1 with higher p.otein (23% energy), higher fat (25% energy) and reduced carbohydrates (40% energy) had a significantly (p.= 0.002) lower GI [34 (±6)] as comp.red to B1 [63 (±7)] (p.otein 19%, fat 7% and carbohydrates 60% energy) even with similar amount (22%) and typ. of fiber. p.ase 2 rep.rted that all test p.oducts [A2 (32 ± 5), B2 (37 ± 4), C2 (31 ± 5), D2 (31 ± 5) and E2 (55 ± 4)] had a low GI. As comp.red to p.ase 1, ONSs in p.ase 2 had lower fiber content (1.6% - 4.6% energy). Conclusion: The glycemic index of oral nutrition sup.lements is influenced not only by their fiber content, but also by the overall macronutrient comp.sition including p.otein (≥17% energy), fat (≥10% - 27% energy) and carbohydrates (40% - 57.5% energy).

关键词： Glycemic Index Oral Nutritional Sup.lements Incremental Area under the Curve Diabetes

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A multiwavelength view of a classical T Tauri star CV Cha

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2019年第1期19卷 75-86页

作者： Jeewan Chandra p.ndey Subhajeet Karmakar Arti joshi Saurabh Sharma Shashi Bhushan p.ndey Anil Kumar p.ndey Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES)

Using long-term op.ical, ultraviolet(UV) and X-ray data, we p.esent a study of a classical T Tauri star CV Cha. The V-band light curve obtained from the All Sky Automated Survey(ASAS) shows short as well as long-term variability. The short-term variability could be due to rotational modulation of CV Cha. We derive the rotational p.riod of 3.714 ± 0.001 d for CV Cha. UV light curves obtained from Swift also show the variations. X-ray light curves from XMM-Newton and Swift do not show any significant short as well as long-term variability. However, the light curve from Chandra ap.ears to be variable, which could be due to the emergence of flaring activities. X-ray sp.ctra from all observations are exp.ained well by the single temp.rature p.asma of 0.95 keV with X-ray luminosity of 1030.4erg s-1in the 0.5–7.5 keV energy band. It ap.ears that variability in op.ical and UV bands could be due to the p.esence of both hot and cool sp.ts on the surface, while X-ray emission is dominated by magnetic p.ocesses.

关键词： stars:activity stars:individual(CV Cha) stars:p.e-main sequence stars:variable:T Tauri X-ray:stars

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Livelihood Diversification as an Adap.ation Ap.roach to Change in the p.storal Hindu-Kush Himalayan Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1342-1355页

作者： WU Ning Muhammad ISMAIL Srijana joshi YI Shao-liang Ritu Meher SHRESTHA Abdul Wahid JASRA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Develop.ent G.P.O Box 3226 Kathmandu Nepal Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan p.ovince Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Migratory livestock raising has been one of the most imp.rtant livelihood op.ions for p.op.e residing in high mountain areas and has made a significant contribution to the economy of the Hindu Kush Himalayan(HKH) region, both in terms of sup.orting households and in exp.rt earnings. However, in recent decades, changes in the socioeconomic situation and increasing climate variability have led to a need to enhance adap.ation by building the resilience of local socio-ecological systems, including economic diversification and sustainable management of natural resources. Based on semistructured interviews with p.storal communities in six countries within the p.storal HKH region, this p.p.r discusses the situation, trends and driving forces behind the diversification of p.storal livelihood. For internal diversification the study highlights the need for enhancement of p.storal livelihoods through value-adding activities in the p.storal sectors. For external diversification changes on p.licy changes are needed to sup.ort free out-migration, market exp.oitation, and multip.e resource use. Finally the p.p.r highlights the role of education in determining household adap.ation strategies in the face of various socio-ecological p.essures and recommends integrating innovative and indigenous knowledge to develop.ap.rop.iate methods for risk management and resource management in the p.storal HKH region.

关键词：喜马拉雅地区多样化社会生态系统经济形势可持续管理高山地区气候变化应变能力

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Glycosylation-related gene exp.ession in HT29-MTX-E12 cells up.n infection by Helicobacter p.lori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6817-6832页

作者： Michael T Cairns Ananya Gup.a Julie A Naughton Marian Kane Marguerite Clyne Lokesh joshi Glycoscience Group National Centre for Biomedical Engineering ScienceNational University of Ireland Galway School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research School of Medicine and Medical Sciences University College Dublin

AIM To identify glycosylation-related genes in the HT29 derivative cell line, HT29-MTX-E12, showing differential exp.ession on infection with Helicobacter p.lori(H. p.lori).METHODS p.larised HT29-MTX-E12 cells were infected for 24 h with H. p.lori strain 26695. After infection RNA was isolated from both infected and non-infected host cells. Sufficient infections were carried out to p.ovide trip.icate samp.es for microarray analysis and for q RTp.R analysis. RNA was isolated and hybridised to Affymetrix arrays. Analysis of microarray data identified genes significantly differentially exp.essed up.n infection. Genes were group.d into gene ontology functional categories. Selected genes associated with host glycan structure(glycosyltransferases, hydrolases, lectins, mucins) were validated by real-time q RT-p.R *** Infection of host cells was confirmed by the isolation of live bacteria after 24 h incubation and by p.R amp.ification of bacteria-sp.cific genes from the host cell RNA. H. p.lori do not survive incubation under the adop.ed culture conditions unless they associate with the adherent mucus layer of the host cell. Microarray analysis identified a total of 276 genes that were significantly differentially exp.essed(p.p.n H. p.lori infection and where the fold change in exp.ession was greater than 2. Six of these genes are involved in glycosylation-related p.ocesses. Real-time q RT-p.R demonstrated significant downregulation(1.8-fold, p.p.essed and significantly downregulated(3.1-fold, p.p.n infection. Gene ontology analysis was consistent with p.evious studies on H. p.lori *** Gene exp.ession data suggest that infection with H. p.lori causes a decrease in glycan synthesis, resulting in shorter and simp.er glycan structures.

关键词： Glycosylation 支持者粘液胃 HT29-MTX-E12 H。p.lori 紧张 26695 Transcrip.omics

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Incidence and management of white grub, Schizonycha ruficollis on seedlings of teak （Tectona grandis Linn, f,）

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Insect Science 2007年第5期14卷 411-418页

作者： NITIN KULKARNI KAILASH CHANDRA p.AFULLA NARAHAR WAGH KAILASH CHANDRA joshi RAM BHAJAN SINGH Forest Entomology Division Tropical Forest Research Institute Jabalpur (M. P.) Central Regional Station Zoological Survey of India Vijay Nagar Jabalpur (M. P.) Forest Develop.ent Corp.ration of Maharashtra Nagpur India

In investigation was conducted annually from 2002 to 2005 between the second week of May and the end of Sep.ember on the incidence of scarab beetle, Schizonycha ruficollis （Fabricius） in a teak （Tectona grandis L.f.） nursery at Ramdongari, Nagp.r, India. The immature stages, that is white grubs of the scarab beetle damaged 14%-52% of teak seedlings in the nursery beds, whereas the adult of the sp.cies, that is scarab beetles, were recorded on three new host trees （ Zizip.us xylop.ra, Acacia catechu and A. leucop.loea） in addition to the rep.rted hosts such as zizip.us （Z. jujuba and Z. mauritiana）. Beetles of the S. ruficollis started emerging from the nursery beds just after the p.e-monsoon showers and continued for 10-18 days. While beetle of S. ruficollis defoliated tree hosts available in the surroundings, the immature stages of the beetle caused major damage by feeding on root systerfls of teak seedlings with symp.oms of wilting and mortality in forest nursery beds. The result of chemical and biological treatments for the management of grubs of S. ruficollis in nursery beds indicated p.orate 10% granular at the rate of 20 g/m^2 and chlorp.rip.os 20% emulsifiable concentrate at the rate of 5.0 mL/m^2 to be effective. Grubs of S. ruficollis have not been recorded p.eviously as a major p.st of teak （T. grandis）. This is also the first rep.rt on occurrence of S. ruficollis adults on tree hosts such as Z. xylop.ra, A. catechu and A. leucop.loea. White grubs being p.sts of economic imp.rtance and the toughest insects to manage, information given in this p.p.r on incidence, p.st status and management of Schizonycha ruficollis is of imp.rtance to researchers and forest nursery managers.

关键词： bioecology Coleop.era field incidence forest nursery insect p.st management,insecticides Melolonthinae Scarabaeidae

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Enterolactone modulates the ERK/NF-κB/Snail signaling p.thway in trip.e-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 to revert the TGF-β-induced ep.thelial–mesenchymal transition

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第2期15卷 137-156页

作者： Aniket V.Mali Asavari A.joshi Mahabaleshwar V.Hegde Shivajirao S.Kadam Center for Innovation in Nutrition Health and Disease (CINHD) Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA)Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University (BVDU) p.armaceutical Sciences Poona College of PharmacyBharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University (BVDU)

Objective:Trip.e-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is highly metastatic,and there is an urgent unmet need to develop.novel therap.utic strategies leading to the new drug discoveries against *** transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)is known to p.omote the invasive and migratory p.tential of breast cancer cells through induction of ep.thelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT)via the ERK/NF-κB/Snail signaling p.thway,leading to breast cancer *** this p.thway to revert the EMT would be an attractive,novel therap.utic strategy to halt breast cancer ***:Effects of enterolactone(EL)on the cell cycle and ap.p.osis were investigated using flow cytometry and a cleaved casp.se-3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),*** of TGF-βinduction and EL treatment on the functional malignancy of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were investigated using migration and chemo-invasion *** effects of EL on EMT markers and the ERK/NF-κB/Snail signaling p.thway after TGF-βinduction were studied using confocal microscop.,quantitative reverse transcrip.ion p.lymerase chain reaction(q RT-p.R),Western blot,and flow ***:Herein,we rep.rt that EL exhibits a significant antimetastatic effect on MDA-MB-231 cells by almost reverting the TGF-β-induced EMT in *** downregulates the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin,and up.egulates the ep.thelial markers E-cadherin and *** rep.esses actin stress fiber formation via inhibition of mitogen-activated p.otein kinase p.38(MAp.-p.8)and cluster of differentiation 44(CD44).EL also sup.resses ERK-1/2,NF-κB,and Snail at the m RNA and p.otein ***:Briefly,EL was found to inhibit TGF-β-induced EMT by blocking the ERK/NF-κB/Snail signaling p.thway,which is a p.omising target for breast cancer metastasis therap..

关键词：三元组小径房间否定回复上皮癌乳

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Recent advances in chronic granulomatous disease

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第1期7卷 84-92页

作者： Gummadi Anjani p.ndiarajan Vignesh Vibhu joshi Jitendra Kumar Shandilya Dharmagat Bhattarai Jyoti Sharma Amit Rawat Allergy Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CentrePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

Chronic granulomatous disease(CGD)is an inherited defect of p.agocyte function due to defective NADp. *** with CGD are not able to effectively clear the infections because of the defect in the p.agocyte p.oduction of oxygen free radicals and are p.one to recurrent bacterial and fungal *** comp.ications are also noted in CGD such as colitis,non-infective granulomas causing gastrointestinal or urinary tract obstruction,hemop.agocytic lymp.ohistiocytosis,and *** on toll-like recep.or p.thways and neutrop.il extracellular trap. in CGD have shed light on the role of NADp. oxidase in the innate immunity and p.thogenesis of infections in *** rep.rts also indicate a reduction of memory B cells and defective p.oduction of functional antibodies in *** the exact mechanisms for non-infective inflammatory comp.ications in CGD are not yet clear,studies on efferocytosis and defective autop.agy with inflammasome activation have made a substantial contribution to our understanding of the p.thogenesis of inflammation in *** also discuss the clinical and molecular features of p.0p.ox defects and a newer genetic defect,*** p.enotyp.s of X-linked carriers of CYBB are also discussed.

关键词： Chronic granulomatous disease Colitis EROS Genetics Infections Inflammation p.0p.ox

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Structural characterization of carboxyl cellulose nanofibers extracted from underutilized sources

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第6期62卷 971-981页

作者： ZHAN ChengBo SHARMA p.iyanka R. GENG LiHong SHARMA Sunil K. WANG RuiFu joshi Ritika HSIAO Benjamin S. Dep.rtment of Chemistry Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794-3400 USA National Engineer Research Center of Novel Equip.ent for p.lymer p.ocessing Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China

Two different chemical methods, TEMp.-oxidation and nitro-oxidation, were used to extract carboxyl cellulose nanofibers(CNFs) from non-wood biomass sources(i.e., jute, soft and hard sp.nifex grasses). The combined TEMp.-oxidation and homogenization ap.roach was very efficient to p.oduce CNFs from the cellulose comp.nent of biomass;however, the nitrooxidation method was also found to be effective to extract CNFs directly from raw biomass even without mechanical *** effect of these two methods on the resulting cross-section dimensions of CNFs was investigated by solution small-angle Xray scattering(SAXS), transmission electron microscop.(TEM) and atomic force microscop.(AFM). The UV-Vis sp.ctroscop.c data from 0.1 wt% TEMp.-oxidized nanofiber(TOCNF) and nitro-oxidized nanofiber(NOCNF) susp.nsions showed that TOCNF had the highest transp.rency(> 95%) because of better disp.rsion, resulted from the highest carboxylate content(1.2 mmol/g). The consistent scattering and microscop.c results indicated that TOCNFs from jute and sp.nifex grasses p.ssessed rectangular cross-sections, while NOCNFs exhibited near square cross-sections. This study revealed that different oxidation methods can result in different degrees of biomass exfoliation and different CNF morp.ology.

关键词： cellulose nanofibers TEMp.-oxidation nitro-oxidation SAXS microscop. jute sp.nifex

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Effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract on testicular function of Wistar rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第3期4卷 175-178页

作者： R. S. Gup.a Rakhi Sharma Aruna Sharma A.K. Bhatnager M.p. Dobhal Y.C. joshi M.C. Sharma Rep.oduction p.ysiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry S.S. Jain Subodh P.G. College Jaipur-302004 IndiaRoswell Park Cancer Institute Elm & Carlton Streets Buffalo New York 14263 USADepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 India

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the antifertility effect ofAlstonia scholaris bark extract in male rats. Methods: In male Wistar rats Alstonia scholaris bark extract was given by oral route at a dose of 200 mg/day for 60 days. The fertility and testicular function were assessed by mating tests, sp.rm motility, sp.rm concentration, biochemical indices and testicular cell p.p.lation dynamics. Results: Oral feeding with the extract at a dose of 200 mg/day for the p.riod of 60 days did not cause body weight loss, while the weights of testes, ep.didymides, seminal vesicle and ventral p.ostate were significantly reduced. The p.oduction of step.19 sp.rmatids was reduced by 79.6% in treated rats. The p.p.lation of p.elep.otene and p.chytene sp.rmatocytes were decreased by 61.9% and 60.1%, resp.ctively. Sp.rmatogonia and Sertoli cell p.p.lation were also affected. The seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell nuclear area were reduced significantly (p.0.01) when comp.red to the controls. Reduced sp.rm count and motility resulted in a total sup.ression of fertility. A significant fall in the p.otein and sialic acid content of the testes, ep.didymides, seminal vesicle and ventral p.ostate as well as glycogen content of testes were also noticed. The fructose content in the seminal vesicle was lowered whereas the testicular cholesterol was elevated as comp.red with the controls. The following comp.unds were obtained from the extract with chromatograp.ic sep.ration over Si-gel column: α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lup.ol acetate, venenative, rhazine and yohimbine. Conclusion: At the dose level emp.oyed, Alstonia scholaris bark extract has a significant antifertility effect in male rats; the p.imary site of action may be p.st meiotic germ cells (Step.19 sp.rmatids).

关键词： Alstonia scholaris testis sp.rm motility sialic acid Sertoli cells

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