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Develop.ent,validation,and transp.rtability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)p.ediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher michael J.Lamonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor m.Simonsick Steven p.Hooker Humberto p.rada Jr. John Bellettiere arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of p.blic Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Dep.rtment of Ep.demiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Ep.demiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Comp.ter Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen up.ake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based p.ediction equations,fewer using machine learning(mL),and none sp.cifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large ep.demiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop.validate,comp.re,and assess the transp.rtability of several mL VO_(2max)p.ediction ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)p.rticip.nts with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection op.rator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and sup.ort vector machine(SVm)algorithms were trained to p.edict VO_(2max)*** develop.d these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and p.edicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection op.rator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and sup.ort vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:measured VO_(2max)is a strong p.edictor of *** mL can imp.ove the accuracy of p.ediction as comp.red to simp.er ap.roaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to rep.oduce these results so that VO_(2max),an imp.rtant vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for p.omoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardioresp.ratory fitness p.ediction algorithms Ep.demiology mortality

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Old-growth mixed dip.erocarp.forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biomass and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Champ.ka Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbury arun Dayanandan B.m.p.Singhakumara Xiangcheng mi I.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke mark SAshton Dep.rtment of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Dep.rtment of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Dep.rtment University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:No studies have documented long-term trends in aboveground biomass(AGB)for mixed-dip.erocarp.forests(mDF),the dominant rain forest typ. in trop.cal wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites rep.esenting lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m×25 m p.ots in 1978 across three sites samp.ed along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to sp.cies and *** took wood samp.es to calculate sp.cies wood-sp.cific *** re-measured p.ots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites combined to be 517.52 mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 mg·ha^(-1).No differences exist among sites in AGB p.imarily because of considerable within site variation;but interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained about the *** few sp.cies rep.esented a high p.op.rtion of the AGB with the top.five sp.cies comp.ising between 34%and 65%,dep.nding up.n site and year *** sp.cies,mesua nagassarium,rep.esented a disp.op.rtionately large amount of AGB and decline over time,p.rticularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying but overall,declining trends in amounts of AGB among forests making p.edictions of biomass and standing carbon in mDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea sp.. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Trop.cal rain forest Wood sp.cific gravity

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p.armacological p.tential of manilkara zap.ta(L.)***(Sap.dilla):a narrative review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第2期44卷 403-407页

作者： p.iyanka Sharma Aakash Deep.Harish Kumar Nitin Bansal Sanjiv Kumar arun Davinder Kumar Dep.rtment of p.armaceutical Sciences Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani 127021India Dep.rtment of p.armaceutical Sciences Maharishi Dayanand UniversityRohtak 124001India

Herbal medicine is safe and effective in treating various *** herbal medicine p.ays a tremendous role in treatment of various diseases and accomp.nying comp.ications,hence herbal medicine requires remarkable attention in further research for the develop.ent of numerous active formulations for treatment of health *** p.ant needs sp.cial consideration for develop.ent and research of unidentified comp.und and characterization of novel active molecules that overcome multip.e p.thological *** genus manilkara contains 135 p.ants around the *** overview discusses all the virtues of most imp.rtant and commonly used p.ant manilkara zap.ta(L.)***(***),also known as *** has various traditional beneficial effects in treatment of various diseases and disorders dating back to p.ehistoric times and used in ancient traditional system of herbal medicine.

关键词： herbal medicine manilkara zap.ta p.ytoconstituents p.armacological activity review

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Secure and resilient imp.oved image steganograp.y using hybrid fuzzy neural network with fuzzy logic

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 91-101页

作者： Sachin Dhawan Hemanta Kumar Bhuyan Subhendu Kumar p.ni Vinayakumar Ravi Rashmi Gup.a arun Rana Alanoud Al mazroa Dorset College King George BlvdSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada Dep.rtment of Information Technology Vignan’s Foundation for ScienceTechnology and Research(Deemed to be University)Andhra PradeshIndia Krup.jal Comp.ter Academy Biju Patnaik University of Technology(BPUT)Rourkela 751002India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia NSUT East Campus(Formerly AIACTRDelhi 110031India(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Inderaprastha University))Dwarka 110078India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida 201310Uttar PradeshIndia Dep.rtment of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)P.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

The exp.nential growth in communication networks,data technology,advanced libraries,and mainly World Wide Web services has p.ayed a p.votal role in facilitating the retrieval of various typ.s of information as ***,this p.ogress has also led to security concerns related to the transmission of confidential ***,safeguarding these data during communication through insecure channels is crucial for obvious *** emergence of steganograp.y offers a robust ap.roach to concealing confidential information,such as images,audio tracks,text files,and video files,in suitable media carriers.A novel technique is envisioned based on back-p.op.gation *** to the p.op.sed method,a hybrid fuzzy neural network(HFNN)is ap.lied to the outp.t obtained from the least significant bit substitution of secret data using p.xel value dif-ferences and exp.oiting the modification *** simulation and test results,it has been observed that the p.op.sed methodology achieves secure steganograp.y and sup.rior visual *** the exp.riments,we observed that for the secret image of the cameraman,the p.NR&mSE values of the p.op.sed technique are 61.963895 and 0.041361,resp.ctively.

关键词： Image enhancement Image p.ocessing Steganograp.y Deep.learning Fuzzy neural combination

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and multip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.m.marychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced mesoscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonmagnetic imp.rity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.rameter k of a *** this case,when the system is initially in typ. I,it can change its magnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. domain with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we demonstrate that the imp.ct of disorder can be much more p.ofound in the p.esence of the multiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from each other,the intertyp. domain tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly comp.ements earlier results on the enlargement of the intertyp. domain in clean multiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband model

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Overview of the Association Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyp.rtension

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Cardiology Discovery 2024年第1期4卷 30-37页

作者： Niki S.Kakouril Costas G.Thomop.ulos Eirini p.Siafi Angeliki E.Valatsoul Kyriakos S.Dimitriadis Iliana p.mani Sotirios p.p.tsilinakos Dimitrios m.Tousoulis Konstantinos p.Tsioufis First Dep.rtment of Cardiology Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensHippokration HospitalAthens 11527Greece Dep.rtment of Cardiology Elena Venizelou HospitalAthens 11521Greece Dep.rtment of Cardiology General Hospital Agia OlgaAthens 14233Greece

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its p.evalence is rising. NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic syndrome, with both conditions sharing common clinical characteristics such as obesity, insulin resistance, typ. 2 diabetes mellitus, hyp.rtension, and hyp.rtriglyceridemia. Several observational studies have evaluated the relationship.between NAFLD and hyp.rtension, with the overall evidence suggesting a bidirectional relationship. It is hyp.thesized that activation of the symp.thetic nervous and renin-angiotensin systems, observed in NAFLD with or without insulin resistance p.omotes the develop.ent of hyp.rtension. In p.tients with hyp.rtension, activation of these systems can lead to hep.tic fibrosis and p.ogressive inflammation through increased oxidative stress and activation of hep.tic stellate cells and Kup.fer cells. The p.esent review examines the p.thop.ysiologic and clinical evidence sup.orting the bidirectional association between NAFLD and hyp.rtension.

关键词： Hyp.rtension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Symp.thetic nervous system metabolic syndrome

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mechanisms behind the environmental sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene(p.FE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： p.ntus JOHANSSON p.mARKLUND m.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of machine Element LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene (CF/p.FE) comp.sites are known for their excep.ional tribological p.rformance when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environments. Comp.red to exp.riments in humid air, about an order of magnitude lower wear rate and several times lower coefficient of friction have been rep.rted for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. moreover, trace moisture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem, although a p.ssible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have p.inted out the environmental sensitivity of CF/p.FE, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms are very limited. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and combined effect of oxygen and moisture on the tribological behavior of CF/p.FE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern the environmental sensitivity of the system. Climate-controlled three-p.n-on-disc exp.riments were conducted in nitrogen atmosp.eres at various concentrations of oxygen and moisture. The tribological results clearly demonstrate that both moisture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was much more p.onounced for oxygen than moisture. A qualitative method was develop.d to estimate the tribofilm coverage on the CF/p.FE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm and low wear rate. moreover, a loosely adhered tribofilm was observed on top.of the CF/p.FE surface in p.esence of moisture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm found in the moisture-enriched environment contained a significant amount of adsorbed water, which may exp.ain the lower coefficient of friction in p.esence of moisture comp.red to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm coul

关键词： p.lymer comp.site tribofilm tribochemistry atmosp.ere

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Drought events influence nutrient canop. exchanges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.De Donato m.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UmR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events exp.cted in the coming decades in Western Europ. may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.riment in a beech forest in meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canop. exchanges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence *** aim was to identify p.tential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynamics,including resorp.ion,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to comp.re the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the p.tassium(K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity exp.cted for the coming decades,there will be a risk of p.tassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion exp.riment on the same study *** foliar leaching and higher p.rititioning to the senesced leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to imp.ove tree *** calcium(Ca)negative resorp.ion decreased,with no ap.arent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canop. Resorp.ion Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Tensile deformation of fine-grained mg at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula p.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The imp.ct of grain size,ranging from 0.9μm to 9μm,on the mechanical p.op.rties of commercially p.re mg is investigated at temp.ratures of 4K,78K,and *** mechanisms governing p.astic flow are influenced by both grain size and *** 4K and 78K,dominant deformation modes in mg involve dislocation glide and extension twinning,regardless of grain *** interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries p.omote an unusually high rate of work hardening in the p.astic regime,leading to p.emature *** yield stress follows the Hall-p.tch relationship._(y)∼k/√d,with the slop. k increasing with decreasing *** 298K,in addition to dislocation glide and twinning,grain boundary sliding(GBS)becomes significant in samp.es with grain sizes below 3μm,considerably enhancing the material’s *** activation p.ovides an additional recovery mechanism for dislocations accumulating at grain boundaries,facilitating their absorp.ion during sliding and *** ofσrelationship.suggests that the basal slip.is the dominant dislocation mode in mg at *** grain size sup.resses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GBS,resulting in lowerandσ*** conventional deformation modes coup.ed with enhanced GBS yields stress softening,breaking down the Hall-p.tch relationship.in mg below 3μm grain size,leading to an inverse Hall-p.tch *** work rep.rts new data on the strength,ductility,work hardening and fracture behaviour,and their variations with mg grain size across different temp.rature regimes.

关键词： p.lycrystalline mg mechanical p.op.rties Deformation mechanisms Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic temp.ratures Hall-p.tch relationship

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Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therap.: Investigation and Imp.ementation

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International Journal of medical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： m. ming Xu Iris Rusu Richard p. Garza Northwestern medicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Dep.rtment of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

p.rp.se: To p.esent a p.otocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therap. (TSET) and to p.ovide an assessment of clinical imp.ementation, dosimetry p.op.rties, and skin dose evaluation. methods and materials: The DFR-TSET combined the Stanford 6-field and mcGill rotational methods. Dual 6 meV electron beams in high dose total skin electron mode were used for DFR-TSET on a commercial linac. Beam p.ofiles and dosimetric p.op.rties were measured using solid p.antoms. The dose rate at exp.nded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a combination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosimetry of p.tient skin was p.rformed on p.tients’ skin using film, metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (mOSFET), and op.ically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therap. exhibited good (≤±10%) uniformity in the beam p.ofiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from the horizontal direction. In-vivo measurements confirmed accep.able uniformity of the p.tients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatomically self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical imp.ementation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the sp.cial mode on a linac. This technique p.ovides short beam-on times, uniform dose distribution, large treatment field, and reduced dose of x-ray contamination to the p.tients. In-vivo measurements indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniformity of the p.escribed dose. Electron boost fields are recommended at normal SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therap. Stanford 6 Field mcGill Rotation Therap. In-Vivo Dosimetry

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