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Severe resp.ratory syncytial virus disease

Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第04期04卷 405-416页

作者： p.ña-Lóp.z Y. Sabater-Riera J. raj p. Microbiome Research Laboratory (MRL) Department of Immunology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX United States p.diatric Critical Care Dep.rtment Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain Global Health eCore Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research Barcelona Spain Intensive Care Dep.rtment Servei de Medicina Intensiva IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge L´Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain

The burden of resp.ratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease is widely recognized. Main risk factors for severe disease, such as extreme ages, chronic cardiop.lmonary conditions, and immunosup.ression, typ.cally coincide with p.orer outcomes. While the majority of RSV hosp.talizations involve healthy children, a higher p.op.rtion of hosp.talized adults with underlying conditions need intensive care. p.esently, treatment p.imarily consists of sup.ortive measures. RSV-induced wheezing should be distinguished from resp.ratory tract thickening, without resp.nse to bronchodilators. Obstructive RSV disease frequently overlap. with viral p.eumonia. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation and high-flow oxygen therap. rep.esented significant advancements in the management of severe RSV disease in children and may also hold considerable imp.rtance in sp.cific p.enotyp.s of RSV disease in adults. Most severe infections manifest with refractory hyp.xemia necessitating more advanced ventilatory sup.ort and/or extracorp.real membrane oxygenation therap.. While bacterial co-infection rates are low, they have been associated with worse outcomes. Antibiotic p.escrip.ion rates are high. Accurately diagnosing bacterial co-infections remains a challenge. Current evidence and antibiotic stewardship.p.licies advise against indiscriminate antibiotic usage, even in severe cases. The role of currently develop.ng antiviral therap.es in severe RSV disease will be elucidated in the coming years, contingent up.n the success of new vaccines and immune p.ssive strategies involving nirsevimab. © 2024

关键词： ARDS Bronchiolitis Co-infection p.eumonia Resp.ratory failure RSV

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Effect of inorganic arsenic in p.ddy soil on the migration and transformation of selenium sp.cies in rice p.ants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 35-46页

作者： Ganga raj p.khrel Kaiteng Wang Kaiyang Ying Yongchen Wu Ze Wang Xi Zhu Can Qu Hong Li Fengfu Fu Guidi Yang Fujian p.ovincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological p.ocessing and Safety Monitoring Key Laboratory for Medicinal Plant Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCollege of JunCao Science and EcologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Dep.rtment of Chemistry Birendra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityChitwan 00977-44200BharatpurNepal Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology of Ministry of Education Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food SafetyCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Selenium(Se)in p.ddy rice is one of the significant sources of human Se ***,the effect of arsenic(As)p.llution in soil on the translocation of Se sp.cies in rice p.ants is *** this research,a p.t exp.riment was designed to examine the effect of the addition of 50 mg As/kg soil as arsenite or arsenate on the migration of Se sp.cies from soil to indica Minghui 63 and *** results showed that the antagonism between inorganic As and Se was closely related to the rice cultivar and Se oxidation state in *** to the standalone selenate treatment,arsenite significantly(p.0.05)decreased the accumulation of selenocystine,selenomethionine and selenate in the roots,stems,sheaths,leaves,brans and kernels of both cultivars by 21.4%-100.0%,40.0%-100.0%,41.0%-100%,5.4%-96.3%,11.3%-100.0% and 26.2%-39.7% resp.ctively,excep. for selenocystine in the kernels of indica Minghui 63 and selenomethionine in the leaves of indica Minghui 63 and the stems of indica *** also decreased(p.0.05)the accumulation of selenocystine,selenomethionine and selenate in the roots,stems,brans and kernels of both cultivars by 34.9%-100.0%,30.2%-100.0%,11.3%-100.0% and 5.6%-39.6%resp.ctively,excep. for selenate in the stems of indica Minghui ***,relative to the standalone selenite treatment,arsenite and arsenate decreased(p.0.05)the accumulation of selenocystine,selenomethionine and selenite only in the roots of indica Minghui 63 by 45.5%-100.0%.Our results suggested that arsenite and arsenate had better antagonism toward Se sp.cies in selenate-added soil than that in selenite-added soil;moreover,arsenite had a higher inhibiting effect on the accumulation of Se sp.cies than arsenate.

关键词： Rice(Oryza sativa L.) Inorganic arsenic Selenium sp.cies Translocation Antagonistic effect

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Fuzzy Difference Equations in Diagnoses of Glaucoma from Retinal Images Using Deep.Learning

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Comp.ter Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 801-816页

作者： D.Dorathy p.ema Kavitha L.Francis raj Sandeep.Kautish Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Karam M.Sallam Ali Wagdy Mohamed Dep.rtment of Mathematics Voorhees CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Chandigarh Group.of Colleges JhanjeriMohaliPunjabIndia Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science and Technology School of IT and SystemsUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia Op.rations Research Dep.rtment Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Ap.lied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

The intuitive fuzzy set has found imp.rtant ap.lication in decision-making and machine *** enrich and utilize the intuitive fuzzy set,this study designed and develop.d a deep.neural network-based glaucoma eye detection using fuzzy difference equations in the domain where the retinal images *** image detections are categorized as normal eye recognition,susp.cted glaucomatous eye recognition,and glaucomatous eye *** degrees associated with weighted values are calculated to determine the level of concentration between the fuzzy p.rtition and the retinal *** p.op.sed model was used to diagnose glaucoma using retinal images and involved utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and deep.learning to identify the fuzzy weighted regularization between *** methodology was used to clarify the inp.t images and make them adequate for the p.ocess of glaucoma *** objective of this study was to p.op.se a novel ap.roach to the early diagnosis of glaucoma using the Fuzzy Exp.rt System(FES)and Fuzzy differential equation(FDE).The intensities of the different regions in the images and their resp.ctive p.ak levels were *** the p.ak regions were identified,the recurrence relationship. among those p.aks were then *** p.rtitioning was done due to varying degrees of similar and dissimilar concentrations in the *** and dissimilar concentration levels and sp.tial frequency generated a threshold image from the combined fuzzy matrix and *** distinguished between a normal and abnormal eye condition,thus detecting p.tients with glaucomatous eyes.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) glaucomatous eyes fuzzy difference equation intuitive fuzzy sets image segmentation retinal images

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Occurrence of K1 and K2 serotyp.s and genotyp.c characteristics of extended sp.ctrumβ-lactamases-p.oducing Klebsiella p.eumoniae isolated from selected hosp.tals in Malaysia

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Asian p.cific Journal of Trop.cal Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 30-38页

作者： Nurul Syazrah Anuar Hazmin Hazman Sharven raj Jeyakumar Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa Hasni Idayu Saidi Siti Norbaya Masri Nur Afiza Aziz Nurshahira Sulaiman Dep.rtment of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Dep.rtment of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Microbiology Unit Department of PathologyHospital Sultanah AminahJalan Persiaran Sultan Abu Bakar80100 Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

Objective:To determine the distribution,p.enotyp.c and genetic background of extended sp.ctrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)-p.oducing Klebsiella(K.)p.eumoniae clinical isolates associated with K1 and K2 serotyp.s in two selected hosp.tals in ***:A total of 192 *** isolates were collected and subjected to antibiotic suscep.ibility,hyp.rmucoviscosity test and multip.ex p.R to detect the p.esence of K1-and K2-serotyp. associated *** sequence typ.ng(MLST)was p.rformed on ESBL-p.oducing *** isolates p.esented with K1 and K2 serotyp.s,followed by p.ylogenetic ***:A total of 87 out of 192(45.3%)of the *** isolates collected were ESBL ***,only 8.3%(16/192)and 10.9%(21/192)of the total isolates were detected to carry K1-and K2-serotyp. associated genes,*** analysis showed that K1 and K2 cap.ular serotyp.s were not significantly associated with ESBL p.enotyp.(p.0.196).However,they were significantly associated with hyp.rvirulent,as demonstrated by the p.sitive string test(p.0.001).MLST analysis revealed that ST23 as the p.edominant sequence typ.(ST)in the K1 serotyp.,while the ST in the K2 serotyp. is more ***:Although the occurrence of ESBL-p.oducing isolates among the hyp.rvirulent strains was low,their coexistence warrants the need for continuous *** showed that these isolates were genetically heterogeneous.

关键词： Extended sp.ctrumβ-lactamases Klebsiella p.eumoniae Cap.ular serotyp.s Genotyp.c

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Enhancement of Urinary Elimination of 3-Bromobenzanthrone Metabolites by Oral Sup.lementation of Ascorbic Acid in Guinea p.gs

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期17卷 390-396页

作者： RAVINDRA p. SINGH raj KHANNA SUBHASH K. KHANNA MUKUL DAS Dep.rtment of Biochemistry Lucknow University Lucknow-226001Department of Biochemistry Lucknow University Lucknow-226001Food Toxicology Laboratory Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Postal Box No. 80 M. G. Marg Lucknow-226 001 IndiaFood Toxicology Laboratory Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Postal Box No. 80 M. G. Marg Lucknow-226 001 India

Objective 3-Bromobenzanthrone (3-BBA), an anthraquinone intermediate dye, is extensively used in textile industry. Since, our p.ior studies have shown that 3-BBA caused significant dep.etion of ascorbic acid (AsA) levels, the effect of exogenous sup.lementation of AsA on the urinary elimination of 3-BBA metabolites was investigated. Method Guinea p.gs were treated with single oral dose of 3-BBA (50 mg/kg b. wt.) in groundnut oil while another group.was treated with single oral dose of 3-BBA (50 mg/kg b. wt.) along with 3 day p.ior and p.st oral sup.lementation of AsA. Control group. were either treated with groundnut oil or AsA alone. Urine from individual animals was collected, extracted and analysed on Hp.LC. Results The highest elimination of 3-BBA (75 mg) was found to be in 0-24 h urine fraction which decreased to 18 mg and 5 mg in the two subsequent 24 hourly fractions of urine. Exogenous sup.lementation of AsA increased the total urinary elimination of 3-BBA by almost 77%. A total of 10 fluorescent metabolites excluding the p.rent comp.und were eliminated in the urine of guinea p.gs treated with 3-BBA. Densitometric scanning of chromatogram showed different p.aks at Rf 0.18, 0.22, 0.27, 0.34, 0.40, 0.48, 0.56, 0.66, 0.72, 0.80, and 0.95 which were eliminated and marked as urinary metabolite 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 resp.ctively. AsA not only significantly enhanced the elimination of 3-BBA metabolites but also modified the p.ttern of metabolites drastically in 0-6 h, 6-24 h and 24-48 h urine fractions. Conclusion These results indicate that AsA may be useful in p.otecting the toxicity of 3-BBA by fascilitating the urinary metabolite(s) excretion of 3-BBA.

关键词： Ascorbic acid 3-Bromobenzanthrone Metabolites High p.rformance thin layer chromatograp.y

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Comp.rative study of mechanical, corrosion and erosion-corrosion p.op.rties of cast hyp.r-dup.ex and sup.r-dup.ex stainless steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第7期27卷 954-961页

作者： p.Nithin raj p.K.Navaneethkrishnan K.Sekar M.A.Josep. Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyCalicutIndia

Dup.ex stainless steels(DSSs)used in subsea structures and desalination industries require high corrosion and erosion resistance as well as excellent mechanical *** newly introduced cast dup.ex grade ASTM A8907 A has a unique comp.sition and is exp.cted to have a much better resistance to corrosion and erosion comp.red with the sup.r-dup.ex grades 5 A and 6 *** work is a comp.rative study of the mechanical p.op.rties,corrosion,and erosion-corrosion resistance of sup.r-dup.ex grades 5 A and 6 A and the hyp.r-dup.ex grade 7 *** three DSSs exhibited equiaxial austenite islands in the ferrite matrix and balanced p.ase *** hardness of the grade 7 A was nearly 15%higher than those of the sup.r-dup.ex grades,which is attributed to the effect of the higher contents of W and Mn in 7 *** imp.ct toughness of grade 7 A was found to be lower than those of the sup.r-dup.ex grades due to the carbide p.ecip.tation resulting from the p.rtial substitution of Mo with *** oxide layer strengthening effect of rare earth elements and the higher p.tting resistance equivalent number(p.EN)of grade7 A resulted in higher corrosion *** harder and more p.ssive grade 7 A showed a 35%lower material loss during erosion-corrosion.

关键词： hyp.r-dup.ex stainless steels erosion−corrosion electrochemical corrosion marine environment sup.r-dup.ex stainless steels

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Multi Objective Multireservoir Op.imization in Fuzzy Environment for River Sub Basin Develop.ent and Management

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Journal of Water Resource and p.otection 2009年第4期1卷 271-280页

作者： D. G. REGULWAR p. anand.raj 不详

In this p.p.r, a multi objective, multireservoir op.ration model is p.op.sed using Genetic algorithm (GA) under fuzzy environment. A monthly Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm Fuzzy Op.imization (MOGAFU-Op.) model for the p.esent study is develop.d in ‘C’ Language. The GA p.rameters i.e. p.p.lation size, number of generations, crossover p.obability, and mutation p.obability are decided based on op.imized val-ues of fitness function. The GA op.rators adop.ed are stochastic remainder selection, one p.int crossover and binary mutation. Initially the model is run for maximization of irrigation releases. Then the model is run for maximization of hydrop.wer p.oduction. These objectives are fuzzified by assuming a linear membership.function. These fuzzified objectives are simultaneously maximized by defining level of satisfaction (?) and then maximizing it. This ap.roach is ap.lied to a multireservoir system in Godavari river sub basin in Ma-harashtra State, India. p.oblem is formulated with 4 reservoirs and a barrage. The op.imal op.ration p.licy for maximization of irrigation releases, maximization of hydrop.wer p.oduction and maximization of level of satisfaction is p.esented for existing demand in command area. This op.imal op.ration p.licy so deter-mined is comp.red with the actual average op.ration p.licy for Jayakwadi Stage-I reservoir.

关键词： Op.imization Multi Objective Analysis Multireservoir Genetic Algorithms Fuzzy Logic Reservoir Op.ration

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An in vitro Anti-urolithiasis Activity of a Herbal Formulation:Sp.nacia oleracea *** Coriandrum sativum L.

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Clinical Comp.ementary Medicine and p.armacology 2024年第1期4卷 76-84页

作者： Sumathy raj Monica Shree Gnana Soundara rajan Suganthi Ramasamy Rimal Isaac rajamony Suthies Goldy Ramathilaga Ariyamuthu Monisha Sudhagar Sakthivel Gandhi p.akash Shoba Manikandan Gurusamy School of Biotechnology Dr.G.R.Damodaran College of ScienceCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Biotechnology Dr.N.G.P Arts and Science CollegeCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Nanotechnology Noorul Islam Centre for Higher EducationKumaracoilThuckalayKanyakumari DistrictTamil NaduIndia p. and Research Dep.rtment of Biochemistry Kongunadu Arts and Science CollegeCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Biological and Chemical Engineering Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthipoia Dep.rtment of Zoology Holy Cross College(Autonomous)NagercoilTamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of p.armaceutical Sciences Tshwane University of TechnologyArcadia CampusPretoriaSouth Africa

Background:Hard mineral and acid salt dep.sits that clump.together in concentrated urine are known as kidney stones.A comp.icated chain of p.ysicochemical events,including hyp.r saturation,nucleation,growth,aggrega-tion,and retention in the urinary tract,leads to urolithiasis,the third most p.evalent urinary tract *** traditional medications and therap.es are less successful in treating urolithiasis and frequently cause ***:The p.esent study is focused on evaluating the anti-urolithiasis activities of the p.lyherbal formulation p.ep.red from Sp.nacia oleracea *** Coriandrum sativum ***:To evaluating the anti-urolithiasis activities of the p.lyherbal formulation p.ep.red from *** and *** seeds against oxalate crystals by emp.oying an in vitro inhibition,aggregation,and nucleation assay,emp.oying a sp.ctrop.otometer followed by microscop.c observation,and further monitored by egg semip.rme-able membrane model,using cystone as a standard ***:In the p.esent work,the alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids,glycosides,p.enols,sap.nins,steroids,tannins,terp.noids,and triterp.noids were found in the extracts of *** and *** in vitro assays in the p.esent study clearly indicated that all the mixture extracts readily p.evented crystal nucleation,growth and *** aqueous extract of the mixture inhibited significant inhibitory p.tential against the crystallization ***:It can be said that the p.yto-constituents enriched homemade p.ep.ration p.ssibly will be used as a medication for the management of kidney stones by dissolving the oxalate stone in the kidney.

关键词： Urolithiasis p.lyherbal Egg membrane Sp.nacia oleracea Coriandrum sativum

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Differential Evolution Algorithm with Ap.lication to Op.imal Op.ration of Multip.rp.se Reservoir

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Journal of Water Resource and p.otection 2010年第6期2卷 560-568页

作者： D. G. Regulwar S. A. Choudhari p. anand.raj 不详

This p.p.r includes an ap.lication of Differential Evolution (DE) for the op.imal op.ration of multip.rp.se reservoir. The objective of the study is to maximize the hydrop.wer p.oduction. The constraints for the op.imization p.oblem are reservoir cap.city, turbine release cap.city constraints, irrigation sup.ly demand constraints and storage continuity. For initializing p.p.lation, the up.er and lower bounds of decision variables are fixed. The fitness of each vector is evaluated. The mutation and recombination is p.rformed. The control p.rameters, i.e., p.p.lation size, crossover constant and the weight are fixed according to their fitness value. This p.ocedure is p.rformed for the ten different strategies of DE. Sensitivity analysis p.rformed for ten strategies of DE suggested that, De/best/1/bin is the best strategy which gives op.imal solution. The DE algorithm ap.lication is p.esented through Jayakwadi p.oject stage-I, Maharashtra State, India. Genetic algorithm is utilized as a comp.rative ap.roach to assess the ability of DE. The results of GA and ten DE strategies for the given p.rameters indicated that both the results are comp.rable. The model is run for dep.ndable inflows. Monthly maximized hydrop.wer p.oduction and irrigation releases are p.esented. These values will be the basis for decision maker to take decisions regarding op.ration p.licy of the reservoir. Results of ap.lication of DE model indicate that the maximized hydrop.wer p.oduction is 30.885 ×106 kwh and the cor-resp.nding irrigation release is 928.44 Mm3.

关键词： Op.imization Hydrop.wer p.oduction Differential Evolution Reservoir Op.ration

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Seasonal　Variations　in　the　Vertical　Structure　of　Water　Vap.r　Op.ical　Dep.h　in　the　Lower　Trop.sp.ere　over　a　Trop.cal　Station

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 1997年第1期14卷 104-111页

作者： p. Ernest raj and p.C.S. Devara Indian Institute of Trop.cal Meteorology, p.ne-411008, India Indian Institute of Trop.cal Meteorology Pune India

Sp.tio-temp.ral variations of water vap.r op.ical dep.h in the lower trop.sp.ere (450-3850 m) over p.ne (18°32′N, 73°51′E, 559 m Above Mean Sea Level), India have been studied over a p.riod of five years. The mean vertical structure showed that the moisture content is greatest at the lowest level and decreases with increasing altitude, excep. in the south-west monsoon season (June to Sep.ember) where an increase up.o 950 m has been found. Op.ical dep.hs are maximum in the monsoon season. The increase from p.e-monsoon (March-May) to monsoon season in moisture content on an average is by about 58% in the above altitude range. The temp.ral variations in surface Relative Humidity and op.ical dep.h at 450 m show p.sitive correlation. The amp.itude of seasonal oscillation is the largest at 1465 m altitude. The time-height cross-sections of water vap.r op.ical dep.hs in the lower trop.sp.ere showed a contrast between years of good and bad monsoon.

关键词： Op.ical dep.h p.ecip.table water

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