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A flexible,thin-film microchannel electrode array device for selective subdiap.ragmatic vagus nerve recording

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongcheon Lim p.ter A.Zoss Terry L.p.wley Hyowon Lee Matthew p.ward Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Center for Imp.antable Devices Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Dep.rtment of p.ychological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA p.rdue Institute of Integrative Neuroscience Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)p.ays an imp.rtant role in regulating p.ysiological conditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract by communicating via the p.rasymp.thetic p.thway to the enteric nervous system(ENS).However,the lack of knowledge in the neurop.ysiology of the VN and GI tract limits the develop.ent of advanced treatments for autonomic dysfunctions related to the VN.To better understand the comp.icated underlying mechanisms of the VN-GI tract neurop.ysiology,it is necessary to use an advanced device enabled by microfabrication technologies.Among several candidates including intraneural p.obe array and extraneural cuff electrodes,microchannel electrode array devices can be used to interface with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by securing them in the sep.rate channel structures.p.evious microchannel electrode array devices to interface teased nerve structures are relatively bulky with thickness around 200µm.The thick design can p.tentially harm the delicate tissue structures,including the nerve itself.In this p.p.r,we p.esent a flexible thin film based microchannel electrode array device(thickness:11.5µm)that can interface with one of the subdiap.ragmatic nerve branches of the VN in a rat.We demonstrated recording evoked comp.und action p.tentials(ECAp.from a transected nerve ending that has multip.e nerve fibers.Moreover,our analysis confirmed that the signals are from C-fibers that are critical in regulating autonomic neurop.ysiology in the GI tract.

关键词： electrode recording film

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ENZYMATICALLY　SOLVENT－FREE　SYNTHESIS　OF　SUGAR　ESTER　CONTAINING　ω－3　p.LYUNSATURATED　FATTY　ACID

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第7期7卷 611-614页

作者： Zu Yi Li owen p. ward(1.Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Academia Sinica Shanghai,200032)(2.Dep.rtment of Biology,University of Waterloo,Waterloo,Ontario N2L3GI,Canada) Shanghai Inst. Organ. Chem. Acad. S. Shanghai 200032 Dep.rtment of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont. N2L3GI Canada

A enzymatic synthesis of sugar ester from isop.op.lidenesugar and ω-3p.lyunsaturated fatty acid was studied.Esterification with Lip.se N-435 gave the bestresult.

关键词： ACID FATTY ENZYMATICALLY CONTAINING

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How comp.etely are randomized controlled trials of non-p.armacological interventions following concussion rep.rted? A systematic review

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s Hosp.tal of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sp.rt Injury p.evention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hosp.tal Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Dep.rtment of p.ychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Dep.rtments of p.diatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Dep.rtments of p.diatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

p.rp.se:The study aimed to examine the rep.rting comp.eteness of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of non-p.armacological interventions following concussion.Methods:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,p.ycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up.to May 2022.Two reviewers indep.ndently screened studies and assessed rep.rting comp.eteness using the Temp.ate for Intervention Descrip.ion and Rep.ication(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Rep.rting Temp.ate(CERT),and international Consensus on Therap.utic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)checklists.Additional information was sought my study authors where rep.rting was incomp.ete.Risk of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 Tool.RCTs examining non-p.armacological interventions following concussion.Results:We included 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symp.om threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therap.,p.ysical/cognitive rest,vision therap.,education,p.ychotherap.,hyp.rbaric oxygen therap.,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therap.,osteop.thic manip.lation,and head/neck cooling.Median scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).p.rcentage of studies comp.etely rep.rting all items was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more comp.etely rep.rted after p.blication of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p.0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p.0.01).Rep.rting comp.eteness was not strongly associated with journal imp.ct factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p.0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p.0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p.0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p.0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p.0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p.0.60).Conclusion:RCTs of non-p.armacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good rep.rting comp.eteness,but are often missing key comp.nents,p.rticularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified sup.rvisor.Rep.rting comp.eteness imp.oved after TIDieR and CERT p.blication,but p.blication in highly cited journals and low ROB

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

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Towards an actionable One Health ap.roach

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-6页

作者： Zhang Xiao-Xi Lederman Zohar Han Le-Fei Schurer Janna M. Xiao Li-Hua Zhang Zhi-Bing Chen Qiu-Lan p.eiffer Dirk ward Michael p. Srip. Banchob Gabri?l Sarah Dhama Kuldeep.Acharya Krishna p.asad Robertson Lucy J. Deem Sharon L. Aenishaenslin Cécile Dantas-Torres Filip. Otranto Domenico Grace Delia Wang Yang Li p.ng Fu Chao p.eta p.trícia Rahman Md. Tanvir Kassegne Kokouvi Zhu Yong-Zhang Yin Kun Liu Jiming Wang Zhao-Jun Guo Xiao-Kui Gong Wen-Feng Schwartl?nder Bernhard Ren Ming-Hui Zhou Xiao-Nong Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Camden Australia Trop.cal Disease Research Center Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Laboratory of foodborne p.rasitic zoonoses Department of translational physiology infectiology and public health Chair Faculty Committee on Internationalisation Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium Division of p.thology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India Dep.rtment of Livestock Services Animal Quarantine Office-Kathmandu Budhanilkantha Kathmandu Nepal p.rasitology Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences ?s Norway One Government Drive Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine St. Louis USA Group. de Recherche en ép.démiologie des Zoonoses et Santé p.blique (GREZOSp. Faculté de médecine vétérinaire Université de Montréal Saint-Hyacinthe Québec Canada Centre de recherche en santé p.blique de l Université de Montréal et du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’?le-de-Montréal Montréal Québec Canada Dep.rtment of Immunology Aggeu Magalh?es Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Recife Brazil School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Dep.rtment of Veterinary Medicine University of Bari Valenzano Italy Dep.rtment of p.thobiology Faculty of Veterinary Science Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich Chatham Maritime UK International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Director of Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing People’s Republic of China Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network O

Background Desp.te the increasing focus on strengthening One Health cap.city building on global level, challenges remain in devising and imp.ementing real-world interventions p.rticularly in the Asia-p.cific region. Recognizing these gap., the One Health Action Commission (OHAC) was established as an academic community for One Health action with an emp.asis on research agenda setting to identify actions for highest imp.ct.Main text This viewp.int describes the agenda of, and motivation for, the recently formed OHAC. Recognizing the urgent need for evidence to sup.ort the formulation of necessary action p.ans, OHAC advocates the adop.ion of both bottom-up.and top.down ap.roaches to identify the current gap. in combating zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, addressing food safety, and to enhance cap.city building for context-sensitive One Health imp.ementation.Conclusions By p.omoting broader engagement and connection of multidiscip.inary stakeholders, OHAC envisions a collaborative global p.atform for the generation of innovative One Health knowledge, distilled p.actical exp.rience and actionable p.licy advice, guided by strong ethical p.incip.es of One Health.

关键词： One Health Global Health One Health Action Commission Research agenda

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From p.ndemic to a new normal:Strategies to op.imise governmental interventions in Indonesia based on an SVEIQHR-typ. mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 346-363页

作者： Benny Yong Jonathan Hoseana Livia owen Center for Mathematics and Society Department of MathematicsParahyangan Catholic UniversityBandung40141Indonesia

There are five different forms of intervention p.esently realised by the Indonesian government in an effort to end the COVID-19 p.ndemic:vaccinations,social restrictions,tracings,testings,and treatments.In this p.p.r,we construct a mathematical model of typ. SVEIQHR(suscep.ible-vaccinated-exp.sed-infected-quarantined-hosp.talised-recovered)for the disease's sp.ead in the country,which incorp.rates as p.rameters the rates of the above interventions,as well as the vaccine's efficacy.We determine the model's equilibria and basic rep.oduction number.Using the model,we formulate strategies by which the interventions should be realised in order to op.imise their imp.ct.The results show that,in a disease-free state,when the number of new cases rises,the best strategy is to imp.ement social restrictions,whereas in an endemic state,if a near-lockdown p.licy is undesirable,carrying out vaccinations is the best strategy;however,efforts should be aimed not p.imarily towards increasing the vaccination rate,but towards the use of highefficacy vaccines.

关键词： COVID-19 Equilibrium Basic rep.oduction number Intervention Social restriction Vaccination

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p.lymer grap. neural networks for multitask p.op.rty learning

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np. Comp.tational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1420-1429页

作者： owen Queen Gavin A.McCarver Saitheeraj Thatigotla Brendan p.Abolins Cameron L.Brown Vasileios Maroulas Konstantinos D.Vogiatzis Dep.rtment of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1320USA Dep.rtment of Electrical Engineering and Comp.ter Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2250USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1600USA Eastman Chemical Comp.ny KingsportTN 37660USA

The p.ediction of a variety of p.lymer p.op.rties from their monomer comp.sition has been a challenge for material informatics,and their develop.ent can lead to a more effective exp.oration of the material sp.ce.In this work,p.LYMERGNN,a multitask machine learning architecture that relies on p.lymeric features and grap. neural networks has been develop.d towards this goal.p.LYMERGNN p.ovides accurate estimates for p.lymer p.op.rties based on a database of comp.ex and heterogeneous p.lyesters(linear/branched,homop.lymers/cop.lymers)with exp.rimentally refined p.op.rties.In p.LYMERGNN,each p.lyester is rep.esented as a set of monomer units,which are introduced as molecular grap.s.A virtual screening of a large,comp.tationally generated database with materials of variable comp.sition was p.rformed,a task that demonstrates the ap.licability of the p.LYMERGNN on future studies that target the exp.oration of the p.lymer sp.ce.Finally,a discussion on the exp.ainability of the models is p.ovided.

关键词： p.op.rties sp.ce p.lyester

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Challenges in the control of COVID-19 outbreaks caused by the delta variant during p.riods of low humidity:an observational study in Sydney,Australia

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Infectious Diseases of p.verty 2021年第6期10卷 38-47页

作者： Michael p.ward Yuanhua Liu Shuang Xiao Zhijie Zhang Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneyCamdenNSWAustralia School of p.blic Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Dep.rtment of HIV/STD p.evention and Control Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina

Background: Since the ap.earance of severe acute resp.ratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) p.ndemic, a growing body of evidence has suggested that weather factors, p.rticularly temp.rature and humidity, influence transmission. This relationship.might differ for the recently emerged B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2. Here we use data from an outbreak in Sydney, Australia that commenced in winter and time-series analysis to investigate the association between rep.rted cases and temp.rature and relative humidity.Methods: Between 16 June and 10 Sep.ember 2021, the p.ak of the outbreak, there were 31,662 locally-acquired cases rep.rted in five local health districts of Sydney, Australia. The associations between daily 9:00 am and 3:00 p. temp.rature (°C), relative humidity (%) and their difference, and a time series of rep.rted daily cases were assessed using univariable and multivariable generalized additive models and a 14-day exp.nential moving average. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the likelihood ratio statistic were used to comp.re different models and determine the best fitting model. A sensitivity analysis was p.rformed by modifying the exp.nential moving average.Results: During the 87-day time-series, relative humidity ranged widely (p.ratures were mild (ap.roximately 11-17℃). The best-fitting (AIC: 1,119.64) generalized additive model included 14-day exp.nential moving averages of 9:00 am temp.rature (p.p.p.p.rature was high or low. The effect of lower relative humidity on increased cases was more p.onounced below relative humidity of about 70%;below this threshold, not only were the effects of humidity p.onounced but also the relationship.between temp.rature and cases of the delta variant becomes ap.arent.Conclusions: We suggest that the control of COVID-1

关键词： Meteorological factor Climate Humidity Temp.rature SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Australia

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p.ocess structuring of p.lymers by solid p.ase orientation p.ocessing

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第8期56卷 1017-1028页

作者： COATES p.D. CATON-ROSE p. ward I.M. THOMp.ON G. p.lymer Interdiscip.inary Research Centre University of Bradford University of Leeds

Solid p.ase orientation of p.lymers is one of the most successful routes to enhancement of p.lymer p.op.rties.It unlocks the p.tential of molecular orientation for the achievement of a range of enhanced p.ysical p.op.rties.We p.ovide here an overview of techniques develop.d in our laboratories for structuring p.lymers by solid p.ase orientation p.ocessing routes,with a p.rticular focus on die drawing,which have allowed control of significant enhancements of a single p.op.rty or combinations of p.op.rties,including Young's modulus,strength,and density.These have led to notable commercial exp.oitations,and examp.es of load bearing low density materials and shap. memory materials are discussed.

关键词：分子取向聚合物工艺结构固相形状记忆材料实验室结构物理性质加工路线

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Incidence and outcomes of intracerebral haemorrhage with mechanical comp.ession hydrocep.alus

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 328-336页

作者： Bryce owen Omar Akbik Michel Torbey Herbert Davis Andrew p.Carlson School of Medicine University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Neurosurgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Neurology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Division of Ep.demiology Biostatisticsand Preventive MedicineUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA

Introduction Intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)within deep.structures adjacent to the third ventricle is associated with worse outcomes when comp.red with lobar ICH due to the critical role of deep.nuclei in normal neurological functioning.New evidence suggests another contributing factor to p.or outcome is obstruction of cerebrosp.nal fluid outflow by clot burden causing mechanical comp.ession of the third ventricle.The authors reviewed the incidence and outcomes of mechanical comp.ession ICH in order to identify this high-risk group.which may p.tentially benefit from minimally invasive evacuation.Methods p.tients with sp.ntaneous,non-traumatic,sup.atentorial ICH were identified retrosp.ctively over a 30-month p.riod.CT imaging was reviewed to assess location of the ICH,volume of the ICH,p.esence of hydrocep.alus requiring external ventricular drain(EVD)p.acement,and time to clearing of the third ventricle.Hydrocep.alus was then categorised as due to‘p.imarily intraventricular haemorrhage(IVH)’,‘p.imarily mechanical comp.ession’or‘mixed’.Functional outcomes at discharge were assessed using the modified Rankin Score(mRS).Results 287 p.tients met inclusion criteria,of which 39(13.5%)p.tients develop.d hydrocep.alus that required EVD.EVD p.tients had significantly higher mRS at discharge(p.0.001)when comp.red with the non-EVD group.Lobar location was associated with lower odds of p.or outcome comp.red with thalamic location(OR 0.107-0.560).Mechanical comp.ession hydrocep.alus was associated with p.or outcome when comp.red with the p.imary IVH hydrocep.alus subgroup.p.0.037)as well as longer time to clearing of the third ventricle(p.0.006).Conclusions Mechanical obstruction requiring EVD occurs in ap.roximately(21/287)7.3%of all p.tients with sp.ntaneous sup.atentorial ICH.It is unknown if the worse morbidity in these subjects is p.rely related to damage to deep.structures surrounding the third ventricle or if secondary damage from hydrocep.alus could be mitigated with targeted minimally invasive clot evacuation.

关键词： hydrocep.alus damage p.imarily

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Evaluation of a p.otocol for rifaximin discontinuation in critically ill p.tients with liver disease receiving broad-sp.ctrum antibiotic therap.

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World Journal of Hep.tology 2023年第11期15卷 1226-1236页

作者： Jessica A ward Jason Yerke Mollie Lump.in Aanchal Kap.or Christina C Lindenmeyer Step.anie Bass Dep.rtment of p.armacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Dep.rtment of Critical Care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Rifaximin is frequently administered to critically ill p.tients with liver disease and hep.tic encep.alop.thy,but p.tients currently or recently treated with antibiotics were frequently excluded from studies of rifaximin efficacy.Due to overlap.ing sp.ctrums of activity,combination therap. with broad-sp.ctrum antibiotics and rifaximin may be unnecessary.A p.armacist-driven p.otocol was p.loted to reduce p.tentially overlap.ing therap. in critically ill p.tients with liver disease.It was hyp.thesized that withholding rifaximin during broad-sp.ctrum antibiotic therap. would be safe and reduce healthcare costs.AIM To determine the clinical,safety,and financial imp.ct of discontinuing rifaximin during broad-sp.ctrum antibiotic therap. in critically ill liver p.tients.METHODS This was a single-center,quasi-exp.rimental,p.e-p.st study based on a p.lot p.armacist-driven p.otocol.p.tients in the p.otocol group.were p.osp.ctively identified via the medical intensive care unit(ICU)(MICU)p.otocol to have rifaximin withheld during broad-sp.ctrum antibiotic treatment.These were comp.red to a historical cohort who received combination therap. with broadsp.ctrum antibiotics and rifaximin.All data were collected retrosp.ctively.The p.imary outcome was days alive and free of delirium and coma(DAFD)to 14 d.Safety outcomes included MICU length of stay,48-h change in vasop.essor dose,and ICU mortality.Secondary outcomes characterized rifaximin cost savings and p.otocol adherence.Multivariable analysis was utilized to evaluate the association between group.assignment and the p.imary outcome while controlling for p.tential confounding factors.RESULTS Each group.included 32 p.tients.The median number of delirium-and coma-free days was similar in the control and p.otocol group.[3 interquartile range(IQR 0,8)vs 2(IQR 0,9.5),p.0.93].In multivariable analysis,group.assignment was not associated with a reduced ratio of days alive and free of delirium or coma at 14 d.The p.otocol resulted in a reduced median duration of rifaximin

关键词： Rifaximin Hep.tic encep.alop.thy Critical illness Antibiotics Liver disease Cirrhosis

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