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Zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles as alternatives to zinc oxide in diet of weaned piglets

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1147-1162页

作者： Silvia Kociova Kristyna Dolezelikova Pavel Horky Sylvie Skalickova Daria Baholet Lucie Bozdechova Eva Vaclavkova Jaroslava Belkova Pavel Nevrkla Jiri Skladanka Tomas Do ondrej zitka Yazan Haddad Pavel Kopel Ludek Zurek Vojtech Adam Kristyna Smerkova Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 1CZ-61300 BrnoCzech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyPurkynova 123CZ-61200 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 1CZ-61300 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Animal Science Pratelstvi 815CZ-10400 Praha UhrinevesCzech Republic Department of Animal Breeding Mendel University in BrnoZemedelska 1CZ-61300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of SciencePalacky University17.listopadu 12CZ-77146 OlomoucCzech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Center for ZoonosesUniversity of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical SciencesBrnoPalackeho 1946/1CZ-61242 BrnoCzech Republic.

Background: The high doses of zinc oxide(Zn O) administered orally to piglets for the prevention of diarrhea and increase of growth rate can contaminate pig farms and the surrounding environment. Therefore, there is a need to find a replacement of high doses of dietary Zn O with an equally effective alternative. In the present study, the effect of two formulations of zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles(Zn A and Zn C NPs) on growth performance,intestinal microbiota, antioxidant status, and intestinal and liver morphology was evaluated. A total of 100 weaned piglets were randomly divided into 10 equal groups with the base diet(control) or the base diet supplemented with Zn A, Zn C, or Zn O at concentrations 500, 1000, and 2000 mg Zn per kilogram of diet. Supplements were given to animals for 10 days. Fecal samples were collected on day 0, 5, 10 and 20. At the end of the treatment(day 10),three piglets from each group were sacrificed and ***: Comparing to that of control, the significantly higher piglet weight gain was observed in all piglet groups fed with Zn A(P < 0.05). Differences in the total aerobic bacteria and coliform counts in piglet feces after NPs supplementation compared to that of control and Zn O groups were also found(P < 0.05). The majority of aerobic culturable bacteria from the feces represented Escherichia(28.57–47.62%), Enterococcus(3.85–35.71%), and Streptococcus(3.70–42.31%) spp. A total of 542 Escherichia coli isolates were screened for the virulence genes STa,STb, Stx2, F4, and F18. The substantial occurrence of E. coli virulence factors was found on day 5, mainly in fimbrillary antigen and thermostable toxins, except for piglets fed by Zn C. Zn treatment decreased Zn blood levels in piglets fed with Zn O and Zn A(500 mg/kg) and increased in Zn C(2000 mg/kg) compared to that of control(P < 0.05). The antioxidant status of piglets was affected only by Zn A. While some changes in the liver and the intestinal morphology of piglets with

关键词： Antioxidant status Diet E.coli STa STb Stx2 F4 F18 Fecal coliforms Microbiota

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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

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Histopathological assessment of the microscopic activity in inflammatory bowel diseases:What are we looking for?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第36期28卷 5300-5312页

作者： ondrej Fabian Lukas Bajer Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine 3rd Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Thomayer HospitalPrague 14059Czech Republic Hepatogastroenterology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14220Czech Republic

Advances in diagnostics of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)and improved treatment strategies allowed the establishment of new therapeutic ***,it is desirable not only to cease clinical symptoms,but mainly to achieve endoscopic remission,a macroscopic normalization of the bowel ***,up to one-third of IBD patients in remission exhibit persisting microscopic activity of the *** evidence suggests a better predictive value of histology for the development of clinical complications such as clinical relapse,surgical intervention,need for therapy escalation,or development of colorectal *** proper assessment of microscopic inflammatory activity thus became an important part of the overall histopathological evaluation of colonic biopsies and many histopathological scoring indices have been ***,a majority of them have not been validated and no scoring index became a part of the routine bioptic *** review summarizes a predictive value of microscopic disease activity assessment for the subsequent clinical course of IBD,describes the most commonly used scoring indices for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,and comments on current limitations and unresolved issues.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Microscopy Predictor Score Ulcerative colitis

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Morphological aspects of small-duct cholangiopathies:A minireview

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第4期15卷 538-553页

作者： Eva Sticova ondrej Fabian Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology The Third Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Kralovske VinohradyPrague 10000Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine The Third faculty of MedicineCharles University and Thomayer University HospitalPrague 14059Czech Republic

The biliary system consists of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts lined by biliary epithelial cells(cholangiocytes).Bile ducts and cholangiocytes are affected by a variety of disorders called cholangiopathies,which differ in aetiology,pathogenesis,and *** of cholangiopathies is complex and reflects pathogenic mechanisms(immune-mediated,genetic,drug-and toxininduced,ischaemic,infectious,neoplastic),predominant morphological patterns of biliary injury(suppurative and non-suppurative cholangitis,cholangiopathy),and specific segments of the biliary tree affected by the disease *** the involvement of large extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts is typically visualised using radiology imaging,histopathological examination of liver tissue obtained by percutaneous liver biopsy still plays an important role in the diagnosis of cholangiopathies affecting the small intrahepatic bile *** increase the diagnostic yield of a liver biopsy and determine the optimal therapeutic approach,the referring clinician is tasked with interpreting the results of histopathological *** requires knowledge and understanding of basic morphological patterns of hepatobiliary injury and an ability to correlate microscopic findings with results obtained by imaging and laboratory *** minireview describes the morphological aspects of small-duct cholangiopathies pertaining to the diagnostic process.

关键词： Bile duct Cholangiocytes Cholangiopathy Cholangitis Liver biopsy Histopathology

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Bridging microscopy with molecular dynamics and quantum simulations: an atomAI based pipeline

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 705-715页

作者： Ayana Ghosh Maxim Ziatdinov ondrej Dyck Bobby G.Sumpter Sergei V.Kalinin Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA

Recent advances in (scanning) transmission electron microscopy have enabled a routine generation of large volumes of high-veracity structural data on 2D and 3D materials,naturally offering the challenge of using these as starting inputs for atomistic *** this fashion,the theory will address experimentally emerging structures,as opposed to the full range of theoretically possible atomic ***,this challenge is highly nontrivial due to the extreme disparity between intrinsic timescales accessible to modern simulations and microscopy,as well as latencies of microscopy and simulations per *** this issue requires as a first step bridging the instrumental data flow and physics-based simulation environment,to enable the selection of regions of interest and exploring them using physical *** we report the development of the machine learning workflow that directly bridges the instrument data stream into Python-based molecular dynamics and density functional theory environments using pre-trained neural networks to convert imaging data to physical *** pathways to ensure structural stability and compensate for the observational biases universally present in the data are identified in the *** approach is used for a graphene system to reconstruct optimized geometry and simulate temperature-dependent dynamics including adsorption of Cr as an ad-atom and graphene healing ***,it is universal and can be used for other material systems.

关键词： dynamics bridges offering

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An Artificial Heart System for Testing and Evaluation of Cardiac Pacemakers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6269-6287页

作者： Martin Augustynek Jan Kubicek Jaroslav Thomas Marek Penhaker Dominik Vilimek Michal Strycek ondrej Sojka Antonino Proto Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceVSB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 15Ostrava–Poruba70800Czech Republic

The usability assessment of a pacemaker is a complex task where the dedicated programmer for testing programmed algorithms is *** paper provides the outcomes of development and complex testing of the artificial cardiac system to evaluate the pacemaker’s *** this work,we used the modular laboratory platform ELVIS II and created graphical user interface in LabVIEW programming *** electrical model of the heart allows signals generation(right atrium,right ventricle)and the monitoring of the stimulation *** LabVIEW user interface allows to set the parameters of the generated signals and the simulation of the cardiac rhythm disorders as well as the monitoring and visualization of the pacemaker behavior in *** results demonstrate the capability of proposed system to evaluate the paced and sensed *** proposed solution allows the scientists to test the behavior of any cardiac pacemaker for its pre-programmed settings and pacing *** addition,the proposed system can simulate various disorders and test cardiac pacemakers in different working modes.

关键词： Artificial heart cardiac conduction system electrical cardiac stimulation pacemaker

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Use of a rat model to characterize 35 arterial pulse wave parameters in a comparative study of isoflurane and Zoletil/ xylazine anesthesia and the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus extract

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动物模型与实验医学(英文) 2023年第5期6卷 474-488页

作者： Anton Misak Marian Grman Lenka Tomasova ondrej Makara Zuzana Rostakova Iveta Waczulikova Karol Ondrias Institute of Clinical and Translational Research Department of Molecular PhysiologyBiomedical Research CenterSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovak Republic Forest Arboretum Liptovsky Hradok Liptovsky HradokSlovak Republic Institute of Measurement Science Department of Theoretical MethodsSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovak Republic Faculty of Mathematics Physics and InformaticsComenius UniversityBratislavaSlovak Republic

Background : Information obtained from arterial pulse waveforms (APW) can be usefulfor characterizing the cardiovascular system. To achieve this, it is necessary to know thedetailed characteristics of APWs in different states of an organism, which would allowAPW parameters (APW- Ps) to be assigned to particular (patho)physiological ***, our work aimed to characterize 35 APW- Ps in rats under the influence ofisoflurane (ISO) and Zoletil/xylazine (ZO/XY) anesthesia and to study the effect of rootextract from Acanthopanax senticosus (ASRE) in these anesthetic *** : The right jugular vein of anesthetized rats was cannulated for the administrationof ASRE and the left carotid artery for the detection of APWs from which 35APW- Ps were *** : We obtained data on 35 APW- Ps, which significantly depended on the anesthesia,and thus, they characterized the cardiovascular system under these two *** transiently modulated all 35 APW- Ps, including a transient decrease insystolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate or increases in pulse BP, d P /d t max , and systolic and diastolic areas. Whereas the transient effects of ASRE weresimilar, the extract had prolonged disturbing effects on the cardiovascular system inrats under ZO/XY but not under ISO anesthesia. This negative effect can result fromthe disturbance caused by ZO/XY anesthesia on the cardiovascular *** : We characterized 35 APW- Ps of rats under ISO and ZO/XY anesthesiaand found that ASRE contains compounds that can modulate the properties of thecardiovascular system, which significantly depended on the status of the cardiovascularsystem. This should be considered when using ASRE as a nutritional supplementby individuals with cardiovascular problems.

关键词： Acanthopanax senticosus arterial pulse waveform blood pressure hemodynamic parameters isoflurane Zoletil/xylazine

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Paleomagnetic, tectonic and geochronological constraints for Permian-Triassic oroclinal bending of the Mongolian collage

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 9-11页

作者： Karel Schulmann Jean Bernard Edel ondrej Lexa Wenjiao Xiao D.T■ebínová Richard Spikings Urs Schaltegger Arkadiusz Derkowski Marek Szczerba Centre for Lithospheric Research Czech Geological Survey Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg Université de Strasbourg Institute of Petrology and Structural Geology Charles University Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth and Environmental Sciences Department of Earth Sciences University of Geneva Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy of Sciences

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt constitutes the Kazakhstan and Mongolian oroclinal collages located between the Tarim-North China collage(TNC)to the south and the Siberian craton to the north(Fig.1a) [1].While the oroclinal bending of the western Kazakhstan collage is widely accepted by the paleomagnetic and tectonic community,the oroclinal bending model of the eastern Mongolian collage is disputed[2,3].Despite differences,

关键词： ASIAN OROGENIC BELT DEFORMATION SIBERIA ALTAI

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Influences of Lower-Mantle Properties on the Formation of Asthenosphere in Oceanic Upper Mantle

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第2期22卷 143-154页

作者： David A Yuen Nicola Tosi ondrej adek Department of Geology and Geophysics and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55415USA Department of Planetary Physics Institute of Planetary ResearchGerman Aerospace Center(DLR)BerlinGermany Department of Geophysics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

Asthenosphere is a venerable concept based on geological intuition of Reginald Daly nearly 100 years ago. There have been various explanations for the existence of the asthenosphere. The concept of a plume-fed asthenosphere has been around for a few years due to the ideas put forth by Yamamoto et al.. Using a two-dimensional Cartesian code based on finite-volume method, we have investigated the influences of lower-mantle physical properties on the formation of a low-viscosity zone in the oceanic upper mantle in regions close to a large mantle upwelUng. The rheological law is Newtonian and depends on both temperature and depth. An extended-Boussinesq model is assumed for the energetics and the olivine to spinel, the spinel to perovskite and perovskite to post-perovskite （ppv） phase transitions are considered. We have compared the differences in the behavior of hot upweilings passing through the transition zone in the mid-mantle for a variety of models, starting with constant physical properties in the lower-mantle and culminating with complex models which have the post-perovskite phase transition and depth-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. We found that the formation of the asthenosphere in the upper mantle in the vicinity of large upwellings is facilitated in models where both depth-dependent thermal expansivity and conductivity are included. Models with constant thermal expansivity and thermal conductivity do not produce a hot low-viscosity zone, resembling the asthenosphere. We have also studied the influences of a cylindrical model and found similar results as the Cartesian model with the important difference that upper-mantle temperatures were much cooler than the Cartesian model by about 600 to 700 K. Our findings argue for the potentially important role played by lower-mantle material properties on the development of a plume-fed asthenosphere in the oceanic upper mantle.

关键词： oceanic asthenosphere lower mantle thermal expansivity thermal conductivity phase transition.

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Kilowatt-class high-energy frequency conversion to 95 J at 10 Hz at 515 nm

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 153-156页

作者： Martin Divoky Jonathan Phillips Jan Pilar Martin Hanus Petr Navratil ondrej Denk Tomas Paliesek Patricie Severova Danielle Clarke Martin Smrz Thomas Butcher Chris Edwards John Collier Tomas Mocek HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK

We report on frequency doubling of high-energy,high repetition rate ns pulses from a cryogenically gas cooled multi-slab ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser system,Bivoj/DiPOLE,using a type-I phase matched lithium triborate *** achieved conversion to 515 nm with energy of 95 J at repetition rate of 10 Hz and conversion efficiency of 79%.High conversion efficiency was achieved due to successful depolarization compensation of the fundamental input beam.

关键词： diode pumped solid state laser frequency conversion high energy high average power

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