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Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease in a Brazilian Amazon Cohort

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第6期14卷 287-302页

作者： Jose Tadeu Colares monteiro Adriana Rodrigues Barretto Ruan Seguin Azevedo Quaresma Bianca Miranda Gouveia Ismari Perini Furlaneto Victória Menezes da Costa Yan Corrêa Rodrigues Layana Rufino Ribeiro Ricardo J. de Paula Souza e Guimarães Alex Brito Souza Ana Roberta Fusco da Costa Karla Valéria Batista Lima Joao de Barros Barreto University Hospital Federal University of Par Belm Brazil Center for Biological and Health Sciences Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA) State University of Par (UEPA) Belm Brazil Department of Medicine Centro Universitrio do Par CESUPA Belm Brazil Bacteriology and Mycology Section Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC) Ministry of Health Ananindeua Brazil Geoprocessing Laboratory Evandro Chagas Institute/SVSA/MS Ananineua Brazil

The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MACPD) has been globally increasing. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment response among patients in the Amazon region of Brazil and conduct a retrospective cohort study at a prominent referral hospital in the State of Par, Brazil, from 2012 to 2020. The M. avium group represented 58.9% of cases, followed by M. intracellulare (35.7%), M. colombiense (3.6%), and M. chimaera (1.8%). The majority of patients (73.2%) were female and with an average age of 63 years. Primary clinical manifestations included persistent cough and sputum production. The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) averaged 2.47, with 36.3% of patients having a CCI score equal to higher than 3. Notably, over 70% of patients had received treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis before initiating treatment for MAC infection. The fibrocavitary radiologic form was the most prevalent (55.4%), frequently exhibiting a bilateral distribution (53.6%). Antimicrobial susceptibility revealed a significant prevalence of MAC resistance to drugs in the therapeutic regimen. Despite this, most of the patients experienced clinical improvement (50%). In conclusion, this study highlights a higher prevalence of MAC infections among middle-aged women, with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment and presenting the fibrocavitary radiological form was predominant.

关键词： MACDP Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Mycobacterium avium Lung Disease

Sudden Natural Deaths in Ontario,Canada:A Retrospective Autopsy Analysis(2012-2016)

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2020年第1期6卷 18-26页

作者： Jayantha C.Herath olivia Liu Ontario Forensic Pathology Service Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoToronto Department of Anthropology(Forensic Science) University of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaONCanada

This study was performed to identify the categories and distribution of sudden natural deaths(SNDs)in Ontario(ON)from January 2012 to December 2016 as no such reports have been published in ON,and the authors sought to find out the distribution of SND across ON by organ system,age,and *** medicolegal databases were searched,and eight major categories of SND were identified and evaluated using multinomial logistic *** the 5-year period,10,880 autopsies were performed on individuals aged 1–100,who died of sudden and natural *** 800 causes of SNDs were recorded from January 2012 to December *** largest category of SND was attributed to diseases and complications of the cardiovascular system(64.1%)followed by the respiratory system(9.1%),gastrointestinal system(6.9%),central nervous system(6.0%),metabolic diseases(3.8%),chronic alcoholism(3.5%),other(2.4%),infectious diseases(2.2%),and cancer(1.8%).The five most common causes of SND were also cardiovascular in origin,which included atherosclerotic heart disease(n=2127,19.5%),atherosclerotic and hypertensive heart disease(n=711,6.5%),myocardial infarction(n=723,6.6%),hypertensive heart disease(n=518,4.8%),and pulmonary embolism(n=377,3.5%).Determination of cause of death in natural deaths is an important part in death investigation,which can provide crucial information in the interest of public health by identifying public health risks and monitoring disease trends.

关键词： Cause of death epidemiology forensic pathology forensic science Ontario sudden natural death

Titanate Nanorods Modified with Nanocrystalline ZnS Particles and Their Photocatalytic Activity on Pollutant Removal

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第11期32卷 1122-1128页

作者： G.Naudin T.Entradas B.Barrocas O.C.monteiro Faculte de Chimie Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Batiment F 3e etage 4 placeJussieu 75005 Paris France Centro de Quimica e Bioquimica Faculdade de Ciencias Universidade de Lisboa 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal

Aiming to produce materials with enhanced photocatalytic properties, the synthesis of new crystalline nanocomposites by combining titanate nanorods（TNR） with ZnS nanocrystallites is described in this *** TNR modification was accomplished by an in situ nucleation and growth process of ZnS *** diethyldithiocarbamate was used as the metal chalcogenide precursor. The prepared materials were structural, morphological and optical characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and powder diffuse reflectance spectra. Crystalline Zn S nanoparticles were obtained as a homogeneous and continuous layer, covering completely the TNR surface. The application of these new nanocomposite materials on photocatalytic degradation of pollutants was investigated. First, the evaluation of hydroxyl radical formation, using the terephthalic acid as probe, was studied. Afterwards, the adsorption and photodegradation of safranine-T, used here as a model pollutant molecule, was investigated. The obtained data indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential to be used as photocatalysts for organic pollutant *** best removal results（97% removal） were obtained using the 0.01 Zn S/HTNR sample as catalyst（0.2 g/L; 10 ppm safranin-T solution） with a combination of a low dye adsorption（20%） and a high dye photocatalytic degradation（77%）.

关键词： Nanocomposite materials Surface modification Photocatalysis Adsorption ability Optical properties

Immunomodulation as a neuroprotective strategy after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 423-424页

作者： Susana monteiro António J. Salgado Nuno A. Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de GualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimaraesPortugal

The initial trauma to the spinal cord is just the starting point for a cascade of endogenous events that will collectively determine the injury extension. These secondary events include, but are not limited to： glutamate excitoxicity, induction of apoptotic pathways, ionic imbalances and the development of a strong and dysfunctional inflammatory response. The secondary injury is associated to an aggravation of neuronal damage increasing the extent of neurological deficits （Ek et al., 2010）.

关键词： Immunomodulation as a neuroprotective strategy after spinal cord injury SCI

Study on Adsorption of Cu2+,Pb2+and Zn2+by Natural Bentonite

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Study on Adsorption of Cu2+,Pb2+and Zn2+by Natural Bentonite

作者： olivia Addo-Bankas 西南科技大学

学位级别：硕士

The adsorption properties of clay minerals have been studied extensively in recent years,from the studies,montmorillonites have been considered as effective in the removal of metal ions from aqueous *** this thesis,the use of natural bentonite for the adsorption of copper（Cu2+）,lead（Pb2+）and zinc（Zn2+）ions from aqueous solution was *** of the bentonite clay interactions responsible for adsorption was studied using x-ray diffraction（XRD）,surface area and pore size（BET）,infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,SEM（Scanning electron microscope）,and x-ray fluorescence（XRF）.In this study,nitrate salts of copper,lead and zinc were used to prepare adsorbate solutions of Cu2+,Pb2+ and Zn2+.Batch adsorption experiment was used to determine the removal efficiencies of mixture of the target metals by bentonite clay with respect to operating conditions such as pH,metal concentration,and contact *** studies was conducted at different metal concentrations,with pH,contact time,rotary speed and temperature constant at 4,60 min,150 RMP and 25 □.The results of the equilibrium studies indicated a high efficiency of bentonite in the removal of Pb2+,Cu2+and Zn2+ions,with the highest removal for Cu2+ Pb2+and Zn2+being 98.59%,97.76%and 96.15%at optimum initial concentrations of 10 mg/L,15 mg/L and 10 mg/L *** to correlation coefficient,the obtained adsorption process could be better described with Langmuir isotherm *** maximum adsorption capacity of clay for Cu2+,Zn2+and Pb2+ions fitted with Langmuir isotherm was found to be 2.4,2.9 and 2.8 mg/g *** time studies were conducted using 60 mins to 300 *** results for 60 mins showed the highest%removal for all three metals with Cu2+recording 98.59%adsorption removal efficiency,Pb2+having 96.81%and Zn2+with 96.15%.The results in the paper proposed the potential role of natural bentonite clay obtained from Santai,China in wastewater treatment processes as an affordable,

关键词： Waste Water Treatment Bentonite Heavy Hetals Adsorption

Impact of elevated CO2 and increased temperature on Japanese beetle herbivory

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Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 513-523页

作者： olivia K. Niziolek May R. Berenbaum Evan H. DeLucia Department of Plant Biology Institute of Genomic Biology Department of Entomology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801USA

To examine how the major elements of global change affect herbivory in agroecosystems, a multifactorial experiment was conducted where soybeans were grown at two levels of carbon dioxide and temperature, including those predicted for 2050, under otherwise normal field conditions. Japanese beetles （Popillia japonica Newman） were enclosed on foliage for 24 h, after which the beetle survivorship, total and per capita leaf consumption, and leaf protease inhibitor activity were measured. The direct effect of temperature on beetle consumption and survivorship also was measured under controlled environmental conditions. No differences in total foliage consumption were observed; however, beetles forced to feed at elevated temperature in the field demonstrated greater per capita consmnption and reduced survivorship compared to beetles feeding at ambient temperature. Survivorship was also greater for beetles that consumed foliage grown under elevated CO2, but there were no interactive effects of CO2 and temperature, and no differences in leaf chemistry were resolved. Leaf consumption by beetles increased strongly with increasing temperature up to -37℃, above which increased mortality caused a precipitous decrease in consumption. An empirical model based on the temperature dependence of leaf consumption and flight suggests that the 3.5℃ increase in temperature predicted for 2050 will increase the optimal feeding window for the Japanese beetle by 290%. Elevated temperature and CO2 operating independently have the potential to greatly increase foliage damage to soybean by chewing insects, such as Popilliajaponica, potentially affecting crop yields.

关键词： carbon dioxide FACE (free-air concentration enrichment) Glycine max,herbivory Japanese beetles Popilliajaponica temperature dependence

Data and subject heterogeneity and data sharing:keys to translational success in spinal cord injury research?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1730-1731页

作者： Karim Fouad olivia H.Wireman John C.Gensel Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Physical TherapyNeuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaAlbertaCanada Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center(SCoBIRC) Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a highly devastating and com plex inj u ry with many seconda ry *** a treatment for SCI has been a rollercoaster ride through exciting peaks and sobering *** a matter of fact,there are still ... 详细信息

关键词： damage treatment SCI

Oxidative Degradation of Thermoplastic Starch Induced by UV Radiation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第4期7卷 383-391页

作者： Mayte M.Quispe olivia V.López Marcelo A.Villar Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química PLAPIQUI(UNS CONICET)Bahía Blanca(8000)Argentina Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahía Blanca(8000)Argentina

Among biopolymers,thermoplastic starch(TPS)is a good candidate to obtain biomaterials because of its natural origin,biodegradable character,and *** to ultraviolet(UV)radiation causes significant degradation of starch-based materials,inducing photooxidative reactions which result in breaking of polymer chains,production of free radical,and reduction of molar *** changes produce a deterioration of TPS mechanical properties,leading to useless materials after an unpredictable *** this work,changes induced on TPS by UV radiation,analyzing structural properties and mechanical behavior,are *** was obtained through thermo-mechanical processing of native corn starch in the presence of water(45%w/w)and glycerol(30%w/w)as *** were obtained by thermocompression and,before testing,specimens were conditioned to reduce material *** process was performed by exposing TPS to 264 h UV radiation in a weathering test ***’s weight loss was determined *** changes were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)and morphological modifications were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM).Reduction of weight average molar mass was measured by Static Light Scattering(SLS).Changes in mechanical properties were studied from tensile *** 96 h exposure,TPS specimens presented a weight reduction of 4-6%,mainly attributed to plasticizers lost by *** observations showed that UV radiation induced morphological changes on TPS,evidenced by an increment of specimens *** FTIR,it was detected the presence of an additional band located at 1726 cm-1 in samples submitted to UV radiation,attributed to the formation of-C=O *** average molar mass of native starch was in the order of 107 g *** exposure to UV radiation decreased significantly its molar mass,confirming molecular degradation of the *** TPS was exposed during 48 h,it

关键词： Thermoplastic starch UV radiation structural properties mechanical behavior

Properties of Charmonium States in a Phenomenological Approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第2期71卷 192-202页

作者： Praveen P D’Souza Antony Prakash monteiro K.B.Vijaya Kumar Department of Physics St Philomena College Department of Physics Mangalore University

We investigate the spectrum and decay rates of charmonium states within the framework of the non relativistic quark model by employing a Coulomb like potential from the perturbative one gluon exchange and the linear confining potential along with the potential derived from instanton vacuum to account for the hyperfine mass splitting of charmonium states in variational approach. We predict radiative E1, M1, two-photon, lepton and two-gluon decay rates of low lying charmonium states. An overall agreement is obtained with the experimental masses and decay *** have estimated the branching ratio of two gluons decaying into light hadrons.

关键词： non-relativistic quark model instantons charmonium radiative decay two gluon decay two photon decay leptonic decay branching ratio