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Management of localized prostate cancer： the pendulum swings （back to the middle）

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 570-571页

作者： Winston Vuong oliver Sartor Sumanta K Pal Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center Duarte CA Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA USA.

Herein, we discuss 18-year follow-up data from the Scandinavian ProstateCancer Group-4 （SPCG-4） trial, a randomized study comparing observation and radical prostatectomy （RP） in patients with localized prostate cancer. The results of this study are contrasted with another study employing a similar randomization, the Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial （PIVOT）. We highlight several key differences in study eligibility and enrollment that may account for distinct results, and describe how these datasets impact the complex landscape of therapy for localized prostate cancer.

关键词： RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

Recent advances in crystalline and amorphous particulate protein formulations for controlled delivery

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第4期11卷 469-477页

作者： Sebastian Puhl Lorenz Meinel oliver Germershaus Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of WuerzburgAm Hubland97074 WuerzburgGermany Institute for Pharma Technology University of Applied Sciences Northwestern SwitzerlandGruendenstrasse 404132 MuttenzSwitzerland

The number of particulate delivery systems for biologics is negligible compared to liquid dosage forms, signifying the complications associated with development of solid protein delivery systems. Particulate protein delivery systems can improve stability, reduce viscosity of suspensions at high protein concentration and allow for controlled drug release. This review discusses current advances in controlled delivery of particulate protein formulations. While the focus lies on protein crystals and delivery systems employing protein crystals,amorphous protein particles will also be addressed. Crystallization and precipitations methods and modifications allowing controlled delivery with and without encapsulation are summarized and discussed.

关键词： Protein crystals Protein particles Protein delivery Controlled release

Convergence, stability and robustness analysis of the OFEX controller for high-speed networks

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Control Theory and Technology 2016年第2期14卷 122-139页

作者： Jungang LIU oliver W. W. YANG School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Ottawa KI N 6N5 Canada

The OFEX （Optimal and Fully EXplicit） rate controller is able to provide not only the optimal bandwidth allocation but also the fully explicit congestion signal to sources. It exercises link-wise proportional fairness and network-wise max-min fairness, which enables the controller to feed the congestion signal back from the most congested link, instead of using the network- wise proportional fairness which feeds back the congestion signal summed along a flow path. As a result, the OFEX controller overcomes the drawbacks of the relatively explicit controllers that 1） bias the multi-bottlenecked users in terms of their source sending rate and convergence speed, 2） are not adaptable to varying link bandwidth and 3） can potentially incur large queue size upon congestion. In this paper, we first prove that the OFEX controller can converge to its equilibrium at least as fast as a geometric series in a link. Then we analyze the system stability with time delay in a single bottleneck network and show that the OFEX controller can achieve local stability under certain conditions. Besides, the robustness analysis of the OFEX controller shows how the dynamics of link bandwidth may affect the revenue of a link. Finally, with the OPNET modeler, we evaluate the performances of the OFEX controller and verify its effectiveness.

关键词： Fully explicit convergence stability time delay robustness performance evaluation

Editorial for a special issue“Nano energy materials and devices for miniaturized electronics and smart systems”

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Nano Materials Science 2021年第2期3卷 105-106页

作者： Feng Zhu oliver G.Schmidt Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry China Leibniz IFW DresdenGermany Chemnitz Chemnitz University of Technology Germany

The Smart Era urgently demands small-size, low-energy consuming and multi-functional devices which can satisfy versatile application scenarios, including autonomous systems, wireless sensor networks,biomedical equipment, wearable gadgets, and the Internet of *** overwhelming trend has drawn much attention and stimulates intensive collaborative efforts spanning diverse fundamental and applied research related to energy generation-harvesting-storage-managementapplications at the small scale. For instance, on one hand.

关键词： energy smart versatile

Unlocking the potential of weberite-type metal fluorides in electrochemical energy storage

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 883-892页

作者： Holger Euchner oliver Clemens M.Anji Reddy Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU)Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz str.1189081 UlmGermany Materials Design by Synthesis Technical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str.264287 DarmstadtGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of NanotechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Sodium-ion batteries(NIBs)are a front-runner among the alternative battery technologies suggested for substituting the state-ofthe-art lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The specific energy of Na-ion batteries is significantly lower than that of LIBs,which is mainly due to the lower operating potentials and higher molecular weight of sodium insertion cathode *** compete with the high energy density of LIBs,high voltage cathode materials are required for *** we report a theoretical investigation on weberitetype sodium metal fluorides(SMFs),a new class of high voltage and high energy density materials which are so far unexplored as cathode materials for *** weberite structure type is highly favorable for sodium-containing transition metal fluorides,with a large variety of transition metal combinations(M,M’)adopting the corresponding Na_(2)MM’F_(7) structure.A series of known and hypothetical compounds with weberite-type structure were computationally investigated to evaluate their potential as cathode materials for ***-type SMFs show two-dimensional pathways for Na^(+)diffusion with surprisingly low activation *** high energy density combined with low diffusion barriers for Na+makes this type of compounds promising candidates for cathode materials in NIBs.

关键词： battery energy potential

Do microsporidia function as ＂biological weapon＂ for Harmonia axyridis under natural conditions？

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 353-359页

作者： Tobias Gegner oliver Otti Simon Tragust Heike Feldhaar Animal Population Ecology Department of Animal Ecology I Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER) University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany

Invasive alien species, such as the multicoloured Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis, are often regarded as major drivers ofbiodiversity loss. Therefore understanding which characteristics or mechanisms contribute to their invasive success is important. Here the role of symbiotic microsporidia in the hemolymph of H. axyridis was investigated in the context of intraguild predation between wild-caught H. axyridis and the native ladybird species Coccinella septempunctata. The microsporidia were recently discussed to contribute to the unpalatability of Harmonia for other coccinellids during intraguild predation and to function as ＂biological weapons＂. In the present study, visual detection of microsporidia in hemolymph samples revealed that 73.5 % of H. axyridis were infected. Intraguild predation experiments between larvae of the two species showed a significant competitive advantage for H. axyridis, even against larger larvae of C. septempunctata. Adult C. septempunctata always killed and fed on H. axyridis larvae. However only 11.4 % （4 of 47） of C. septempunctata that fed on infected H. axyridis died within 4 months. In contrast to previous studies this suggests that microsporidia or harmonine, the chemical defense compound of H. axyridis, do not lead to death of C. septempunctata preying on larvae ofH. axyridis. Instead our results support the idea that competitive advantage during intraguild predation greatly facilitates the success of H. axyridis and that this may help this highly invasive species to outcompete native species. The impact of microsporidia on Harmonia itself as well as on interspecific interactions require further studies.

关键词： defensive symbiont endosymbiont Harmonia axyridis invasive species microsporidia

Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第6期19卷 1656-1670页

作者： Bongekile NGOBESE oliver Tendayi ZISHIRI Mohamed Ezzat EL ZOWALATY Discipline of Genetics School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Zoonosis Science Center Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75185Sweden Infectious Diseases and Anti-Infective Therapy Research Group College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272UAE

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries *** jejuni is responsible for the majority of infectio *** study was con ducted to identify virule nceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa.A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50),chickens(n=50),goats(n=50),sheep(n=50)and pigs(n=50)were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October *** samples were an a lyzed for the presence of virule nee genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based *** was found that 77 and 23%of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock *** were positive significant(P<0.05)correlations amongst all the virulenee genes that were *** and Fisher's exact tests were implemented to test for the effect of livestock species on the presenee or absenee of virule nee gen *** study dem on strated that most of livestock species can pote ntially cause zoonotic infecti on s and food pois oning due to the high prevale nee of *** high prevale nee of virule nee genes highlights the sign ifica nee of Campylobacter\r\livestock production systems in South *** requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.

关键词： Campylobacter zoonotic cytotoxicity pathogenicity virulenee campylobacteriosis foodbome livestock PCR one-health

Assessing the sensitivity of Melanoplus frigidus （Orthoptera： Acrididae） to different weather conditions＂ A modeling approach focussing on development times

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 167-178页

作者： oliver-D. Finch Jorg Loffler Roland Pape Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg Fk V Institute of Biology and Environmental-Sciences Terrestrial Ecology D-26111 Oldenburg University of Bonn Department of Geography Meckenheimer AIlee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany

The temperature and soil moisture conditions as well as vegetation patterns were studied to describe the habitat and to model the life cycle of Melanoplusfrigidus, a true alpine grasshopper of the Scandes. In the low alpine belt of the Norwegian Scandes the species colonizes only the warmest microhabitats with maximum soil surface temperatures of 31℃. Vegetation of these habitats consists of shrub-rich heath dominated by Vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna vulgaris. Using continuously measured temperature data, the development times for four different seasons were modeled and related to field observations. The maximum delay of adult molt was estimated to amount to 3 weeks, the delay being determined by the variation in spring temperature conditions between different years. The possibilities of using M. frigidus as an indicator organism of climate change effects on alpine zoo-coenoses of the Scandes are discussed.

关键词： alpine insects climate change indicator life history thermal effective environment

Bofedal response to climate variability, local management, and water extraction: A case study of Chucuyo, Northern Chile

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 241-252页

作者： URIBE-ÁLVAREZ Monserrat C PRIETO Manuel MESEGUER-RUIZ oliver Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geográficas Universidad de TarapacáArica 1010069Chile Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geográficas Universidad de TarapacáIquique 1101783Chile

Andean high-altitude wetlands are important ecosystems that serve a range of socialecological functions. In the Andes, bofedales, a specific type of peat-producing wetland, are essential for the sustainability of mountain ecosystems and indigenous pastoralist communities. The Chucuyo bofedal in northern Chile is affected by climatic variability and water extraction for agricultural uses via the Lauca canal. Herders in the local community also actively manage this wetland according to their traditional ecological knowledge to ensure permanent fodder for their animals. In this article, we analyze the annual behavior of the Chucuyo bofedal after the wet season. Based on precipitation data, extracted water flows, vegetation vigor from satellite images, and an ethnographic approach, we determined that the bofedal’s productivity was negatively correlated with the amount of precipitation and positively correlated with the surface area of the wetland. However, water extraction via the Lauca channel had no significant relationship with either surface area or vegetation vigor. We identify community practices and traditional ecological knowledge as key elements in the maintenance of these ecosystems. This situation is critical in the context of an aging population and the current pattern of migration out of the region to urban areas. The results provide substantial empirical evidence for future decision-making regarding the conservation of these ecosystems.

关键词： Atacama Bofedales Indigenous people Lauca canal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index