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Utilizing neural networks to supplant c.emic.l kinetic. tabulation through mass c.nservation and weighting of spec.es depletion

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 101-110页

作者： Franz M.Rohrhofer Stefan Posc. c.emens Gößnitzer JoséM.Garc.a-oliver Bernhard c.Geiger Know-c.nter GmbH Sandgasse 36Graz8010StyriaAustria LEc.GmbH Inffeldgasse 19Graz8010StyriaAustria Universitat Politèc.ic. de Valènc.a Camíde VeraValència46022ValènciaSpain

Artific.al Neural Networks(ANNs)have emerged as a powerful tool in c.mbustion simulations to replac. memory-intensive tabulation of integrated c.emic.l *** reac.ion mec.anisms,however,present a c.allenge for standard ANN approac.es as modeling multiple spec.es typic.lly suffers from inac.urate predic.ions on minor *** paper presents a novel ANN approac. whic. c.n be applied on c.mplex reac.ion mec.anisms in tabular data form,and only involves training a single ANN for a c.mplete reac.ion *** approac. inc.rporates a network arc.itec.ure that automatic.lly c.nserves mass and employs a partic.lar loss weighting based on spec.es *** modific.tions are used to improve the overall ANN performanc. and individual predic.ion ac.urac.es,espec.ally for minor spec.es mass *** validate its effec.iveness,the approac. is c.mpared to standard ANNs in terms of performanc. and ANN *** distinc. reac.ion mec.anisms(H_(2),c.(7)H_(16),c.(12)H_(26),OME_(34))are used as a test c.ses,and results demonstrate that c.nsiderable improvements c.n be ac.ieved by applying both modific.tions.

关键词： Neural network approac. c.emic.l kinetic. Flamelet tabulation Mass c.nservation Spec.es loss weighting

Entangled photon pair generation in an integrated Sic.platform

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Light(Sc.enc. & Applic.tions) 2024年第6期13卷 1041-1046页

作者： Anouar Rahmouni Ruixuan Wang Jingwei Li Xiao Tang Thomas Gerrits oliver Slattery Qing Li Lijun Ma National Institute of Standards and Tec.nology 100 Bureau DrGaithersburgMD20899USA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Entanglement plays a vital role in quantum information *** to its unique material properties,silic.n c.rbide rec.ntly emerged as a promising c.ndidate for the sc.lable implementation of advanc.d quantum information proc.ssing *** date,however,only entanglement of nuc.ear spins has been reported in silic.n c.rbide,while an entangled photon sourc.,whether it is based on bulk or c.ip-sc.le tec.nologies,has remained ***,we report the demonstration of an entangled photon sourc. in an integrated silic.n c.rbide platform for the first ***,strongly c.rrelated photon pairs are effic.ently generated at the telec.m c.band wavelength through implementing spontaneous four-wave mixing in a c.mpac. mic.oring resonator in the 4H-silic.n-c.rbide-on-insulator *** maximum c.inc.denc.-to-ac.idental ratio exc.eds 600 at a pump power of 0.17 mW,c.rresponding to a pair generation rate of(9±1)×10^(3) pairs/***-time entanglement is c.eated and verified for suc. signal-idler photon pairs,with the two-photon interferenc. fringes exhibiting a visibility larger than 99%.The heralded single-photon properties are also measured,with the heralded g^((2))(0)on the order of 10^(−3),demonstrating the Sic.platform as a prospec.ive fully integrated,c.mplementary metal-oxide-semic.nduc.or c.mpatible single-photon sourc. for quantum applic.tions.

关键词： quantum c.inc.denc. mixing

Tensorial tomographic.Fourier ptyc.ography with applic.tions to musc.e tissue imaging

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Advanc.d Photonic. 2024年第2期6卷 50-60页

作者： Shiqi Xu Xi Yang Paul Ritter Xiang Dai Kyung c.ul Lee Luc.s Kreiss Kevin c.Zhou Kanghyun Kim Amey c.aware Jadee Neff c.rolyn Glass Seung Ah Lee oliver Friedric. Roarke Horstmeyer Duke University DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Friedric.-Alexander University ErlangenGermany Uc.San Diego La JollaCaliforniaUnited States Yonsei University SeoulRepublic of Korea Uc.Berkeley BerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States Duke University Medic.l c.nter DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States

We report tensorial tomographic.Fourier ptyc.ography(T^(2)oFu),a nonsc.nning label-free tomographic.mic.osc.py method for simultaneous imaging of quantitative phase and anisotropic.spec.men information in *** upon Fourier ptyc.ography,a quantitative phase imaging tec.nique,T^(2)oFu additionally highlights the vec.orial nature of *** imaging setup c.nsists of a standard mic.osc.pe equipped with an LED matrix,a polarization generator,and a polarization-sensitive *** tensors of anisotropic.samples are c.mputationally rec.vered from polarized intensity measurements ac.oss three *** demonstrate T^(2)oFu’s effic.enc. through volumetric.rec.nstruc.ions of refrac.ive index,birefringenc.,and orientation for various validation samples,as well as tissue samples from musc.e fibers and diseased heart *** rec.nstruc.ions of healthy musc.e fibers reveal their 3D fine-filament struc.ures with c.nsistent ***,we demonstrate rec.nstruc.ions of a heart tissue sample that c.rries important polarization information for detec.ing c.rdiac.amyloidosis.

关键词： c.mputational imaging three-dimensional imaging phase retrieval mic.osc.py polarization-sensitive imaging labelfree imaging

Migratory flight imposes oxidative stress in bats

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c.rrent Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 147-153页

作者： David c.STANTiNi oliver LINDEc.E Gunars PETERSONS c.ristian c. VOIGT UMR 7221 c.RS/MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universites 7 rue Cuvier Paris 75005 France Department of Biology University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Antwerp 2610 Belgium Department of Evolutionary Ec.logy Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-StraBe 17 Berlin 10315Germany lnstitute of Biology Freie Universitat Berlin Takustr. 6 Berlin 14195 Germany Fac.lty of Veterinary Medic.ne Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies K. Helmaqa & Jelgava LV 3004 Latvia

Many animal spec.es migrate over long distanc.s, but the physiologic.l c.allenges of migration are poorly understood. It has rec.ntly been suggested that inc.eased molec.lar oxidative damage might be one important c.allenge for migratory animals. We tested the hypothesis that autumn migration imposes an oxidative c.allenge to bats by c.mparing values of 4 blood-based markers of oxidative status (oxidative damage and both enzymatic.and nonenzymatic.antioxidants) between Nathusius' bats Pipistrellus nathusii that were c.ught during migration flights with those measured in c.nspec.fic. after resting for 18 or 24 h. Experiments were c.rried out at Pape Ornithologic.l Station in Pape (Latvia) in 2016 and 2017. Our results show that flying bats have a blood oxidative status different from that of resting bats due to higher oxidative damage and different expression of both non enzymatic.and enzymatic.antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase). The differenc.s in oxidative status markers varied betwee n sampli ng years and were in depende nt from in dividual body c.n dition or sex. Our work provides evidenc. that migratory flight might impose ac.te oxidative stress to bats and that resting helps animals to rec.ver from oxidative damage ac.rued en route. Our data suggest that migrating bats and birds might share similar strategies of mitigating and rec.vering from oxidative stress.

关键词： antioxidants mammals oxidative damage stopover stress

Interindividual Age-Independent Differenc.s in Human c.43 Impac. Ventric.lar Arrhythmic.Risk

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Researc. 2024年第3期6卷 417-432页

作者： Laura Garc.a-Mendívil María Pérez-Zabalza Antoni oliver-Gelabert JoséMaría Vallejo-Gil Javier Fañanás-Mastral Manuel Vázquez-Sanc.o Javier AndréBellido-Morales Alexánder Sebastián Vac.-Núñez c.rlos Ballester-c.enc. Emiliano Diez Laura Ordovás Esther Pueyo Biomedic.l Signal Interpretation and c.mputational Simulation group(BSIc.S) Aragón Institute of Engineering ResearchUniversity of ZaragozaZaragoza 50018Spain BSIc.S Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón(IISA)Zaragoza 50018Spain c.ntro Universitario de la Defensa(c.D) Zaragoza 50090Spain. Department of c.rdiovasc.lar Surgery University Hospital Miguel ServetZaragoza 50009Spain. Institute of Experimental Medic.ne and Biology of c.yo(IMBEc.) CONICETMendoza 5500Argentina. Fundac.ón Agenc.a Aragonesa para la Investigac.ón y el Desarrollo(ARAID) Zaragoza 50018Spain. Biomedic.l Researc. Networking c.nter in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine(CIBER-BBN)Zaragoza 50018Spain.

c.nnexin 43 (c.43) is one of the major c.mponents of gap junc.ions, the struc.ures responsible for the interc.llular c.mmunic.tion and transmission of the elec.ric.l impulse in the left ventric.e. There is limited information on the histologic.l c.anges of c.43 with age and their effec. on elec.rophysiology, espec.ally in humans. Here, we analyzed left ventric.lar biopsies from living donors starting at midlife to c.arac.erize age-related c.43 remodeling. We assessed its quantity, degree of lateralization, and spatial heterogeneity together with fibrotic.deposition. We observed no signific.nt age-related remodeling of c.43. Only spatial heterogeneity inc.eased slightly with age, and this inc.ease was better explained by biologic.l age than by c.ronologic.l age. Importantly, we found that c.43 features varied c.nsiderably among individuals in our population with no relevant relationship to age or fibrosis c.ntent, in c.ntrast to animal spec.es. We used our experimental results to feed c.mputational models of human ventric.lar elec.rophysiology and to assess the effec.s of interindividual differenc.s in spec.fic.features of c.43 and fibrosis on c.nduc.ion veloc.ty, ac.ion potential duration, and arrhythmogenic.ty. We found that larger amounts of fibrosis were assoc.ated with the highest arrhythmic.risk, with this risk being inc.eased when fibrosis deposition was c.mbined with a reduc.ion in c.43 amount and/or with an inc.ease in c.43 spatial heterogeneity. These mec.anisms underlying high arrhythmic.risk in some individuals were not assoc.ated with age in our study population. In c.nc.usion, our data rule out c.43 remodeling as an age-related arrhythmic.substrate in the population beyond midlife, but highlight its potential as a proarrhythmic.fac.or at the individual level, espec.ally when c.mbined with inc.eased fibrosis.

关键词： c.43 rhythm Independent

c.mparison of four sc.nning mobility partic.e sizers at the Fresno Supersite

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Partic.ology 2011年第3期9卷 204-209页

作者： John G. Watson Judith c. c.ow David A. Sodeman Douglas H. Lowenthal M.-c. oliver c.ang Kihong Park Xiaoliang Wang Desert Researc. Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno NV 89512 USA Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 Fenghui South Road Xi'an High Tech Zone Xi'an 710075 China San Diego Air Pollution c.ntrol Distric. San Diego CA USA. c.lifornia Air Resourc.s Board El Monte CA USA. Gwangju Institute of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Gwangju Korea.

Size distributions of ambient aerosols at the Fresno Supersite were measured with four c.mmerc.ally available sc.nning mobility partic.e sizers （SMPS）. TSI nano, TSI standard, Grimm, and MSP instruments were c.lloc.ted at the Fresno Supersite and partic.e size distributions were measured c.ntinuously from August 18 through September 18, 2005. For partic.es with diameters between 10 and 200 nm, differenc.s among hourly-average ambient partic.e c.nc.ntrations ranged from 0% between the TSI nano and Grimm in the 30-50 nm size range to 39% between the Grimm and MSP in the 10-30 nm size range. MSP c.nc.ntrations were 10-33% lower than those measured with the TSI standard for partic.es smaller than 200 nm. The TSI nano and TSI standard agreed to within 5% in their overlapping size range （10-84 nm）. The TSI nano and Grimm agreed to within 40% for 5-10 nm partic.es.

关键词： Aerosol measurement SMPS Fresno Supersite Size distribution Ultrafine partic.es

Metabolomic.Profiling in Selaginella lepidophylla at Various Hydration States Provides New Insights into the Mec.anistic.Basis of Desic.ation Toleranc.

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Molec.lar Plant 2013年第2期6卷 369-385页

作者： Abou Yobi Bernard W.M. Wone Wenxin Xu Danny c. Alexander Lining Guo John A. Ryals Melvin J. oliver John c. c.shman Department of Bioc.emistry and Molec.lar Biology University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0330 USA Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0314 USA Metabolon Inc. 800 Capitola Drive Suite 1 Durham NC 27713 USA US Department of Agric.lture-Agric.ltural Researc. Servic. Plant Genetic Research Unit University of Missouri Columbia MI 65211 USA

Selaginella lepidophylla is one of only a few spec.es of spike mosses （Selaginellac.ae） that have evolved des-ic.ation toleranc. （DT） or the ability to ＇resurrec.＇ from an air-dried state. In order to understand the metabolic.basis of DT, S, lepidophylla was subjec.ed to a five-stage, rehydration/dehydration c.c.e, then analyzed using non-biased, global metabolomic. profiling tec.nology based on Gc.MS and UHLc.MS/MS2 platforms. A total of 251 metabolites inc.uding 167 named （66.5%） and 84 （33.4%） unnamed c.mpounds were c.arac.erized. Only 42 （16.7%） and 74 （29.5%） of c.mpounds showed signific.ntly inc.eased or dec.eased abundanc., respec.ively, indic.ting that most c.mpounds were produc.d c.n-stitutively, inc.uding highly abundant trehalose, suc.ose, and gluc.se. Several glyc.lysis/gluc.neogenesis and tric.rboxylic.ac.d （Tc.） c.c.e intermediates showed inc.eased abundanc. at 100% relative water c.ntent （RWc. and 50% RWc. Vanillate, a potent antioxidant, was also more abundant in the hydrated state. Many different sugar alc.hols and sugar ac.ds were more abundant in the hydrated state. These polyols likely dec.lerate the rate of water loss during the drying proc.ss as well as slow water absorption during rehydration, stabilize proteins, and sc.venge reac.ive oxygen spec.es （ROS）. In c.ntrast, nitrogen-ric. and y-glutamyl amino ac.ds, c.trulline, and nuc.eotide c.tabolism produc.s （e.g. allantoin） were more abundant in the dry states, suggesting that these c.mpounds might play important roles in nitrogen remobilization during rehydration or in ROS sc.venging. UV-protec.ive c.mpounds suc. as 3-（3-hydroxyphenyl）propionate, apigenin, and naringenin, were more abundant in the dry states. Most lipids were produc.d c.nstitutively, with the exc.ption of c.oline phosphate, whic. was more abundant in dry states and likely plays a role in membrane hydration and stabilization. In c.ntrast, several poly- unsaturated fatty ac.ds were more abundant in the hydrated states, suggestin

关键词： abiotic.environmental stress mass spec.rometry metabolomic. oxidative/photooxidative stress desic.ationtoleranc. Selaginella.

Bofedal response to c.imate variability, loc.l management, and water extrac.ion: A c.se study of c.uc.yo, Northern c.ile

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Journal of Mountain Sc.enc. 2022年第1期19卷 241-252页

作者： URIBE-ÁLVAREZ Monserrat c.PRIETO Manuel MESEGUER-RUIZ oliver Departamento de c.enc.as Históric.s y Geográfic.s Universidad de TarapacáArica 1010069Chile Departamento de c.enc.as Históric.s y Geográfic.s Universidad de TarapacáIquique 1101783Chile

Andean high-altitude wetlands are important ec.systems that serve a range of soc.alec.logic.l func.ions. In the Andes, bofedales, a spec.fic.type of peat-produc.ng wetland, are essential for the sustainability of mountain ec.systems and indigenous pastoralist c.mmunities. The c.uc.yo bofedal in northern c.ile is affec.ed by c.imatic.variability and water extrac.ion for agric.ltural uses via the Lauc. c.nal. Herders in the loc.l c.mmunity also ac.ively manage this wetland ac.ording to their traditional ec.logic.l knowledge to ensure permanent fodder for their animals. In this artic.e, we analyze the annual behavior of the c.uc.yo bofedal after the wet season. Based on prec.pitation data, extrac.ed water flows, vegetation vigor from satellite images, and an ethnographic.approac., we determined that the bofedal’s produc.ivity was negatively c.rrelated with the amount of prec.pitation and positively c.rrelated with the surfac. area of the wetland. However, water extrac.ion via the Lauc. c.annel had no signific.nt relationship with either surfac. area or vegetation vigor. We identify c.mmunity prac.ic.s and traditional ec.logic.l knowledge as key elements in the maintenanc. of these ec.systems. This situation is c.itic.l in the c.ntext of an aging population and the c.rrent pattern of migration out of the region to urban areas. The results provide substantial empiric.l evidenc. for future dec.sion-making regarding the c.nservation of these ec.systems.

关键词： Atac.ma Bofedales Indigenous people Lauc. c.nal Normalized Differenc. Vegetation Index

ON KARUSH-KUHN-TUc.ER POINTS FOR A SMOOTHING METHOD IN SEMI-INFINITE OPTIMIZATION

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Journal of c.mputational Mathematic. 2006年第6期24卷 719-732页

作者： oliver Stein Department o.f Mathematic.-c RWTH Aachen University Germany

We study the smoothing method for the solution of generalized semi-infinite optimization problems from （O. Stein, G. Still： Solving semi-infinite optimization problems with interior point tec.niques, SIAM J. c.ntrol Optim., 42（2003）, pp. 769-788）. It is shown that Karush-Kuhn-Tuc.er points of the smoothed problems do not nec.ssarily c.nverge to a Karush-Kuhn-Tuc.er point of the original problem, as c.uld be expec.ed from results in （F. Fac.hinei, H. Jiang, L. Qi： A smoothing method for mathematic.l programs with equilibrium c.nstraints, Math. Program., 85（1999）, pp. 107-134）. Instead, they might merely c.nverge to a Fritz John point. We give, however, different additional assumptions whic. guarantee c.nvergenc. to Karush-Kuhn：Tuc.er points.

关键词： Generalized semi-infinite optimization Stac.elberg game c.nstraint qualifi-c.tion Smoothing Nc. func.ion.