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Polyphony of domestic dog whines and vocal cues to body size

Current Zoology 2021年第2期67卷 165-176页

作者： olga v.SIBIRYAKOvA Ilya A.vOLODIN Elena v.vOLODINA Department of vertebrate Zoology Faculty of BiologyLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119234Russia Department of Behaviour and Behavioural Ecology A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and EvolutionRussian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia

In domestic dogs Canis familiaris,vocal traits have been investigated for barks and growls,and the relationship between individual body size and vocal traits investigated for growls,with less corre-sponding information for *** this study,we examined the frequency and temporal traits of whines of 20 adult companion dogs(9 males,11 females),ranging in body mass from 3.5 to 70.0 kg and belonging to 16 *** whines(26-71 per individual,824 in total)were recorded in condi-tioned begging contexts modeled by dog *** had 3 independent fundamental fre-quencies:the low,the high and the ultra-high that occurred singly as monophonic calls or simul-taneously as 2-voice biphonic or 3 voice polyphonic *** the smallest to largest dog,the upper frequency limit varied from 0.24 to 2.13 kHz for the low fundamental frequency,from 2.95 to 10.46 kHz for the high fundamental frequency and from 9.99 to 23.26 kHz for the ultra-high funda-mental *** individuals,the low fundamental frequency was lower in monophonic than in biphonic whines,whereas the high fundamental frequency did not differ between those whine *** frequency variables of the low,high,and ultra-high fundamental frequencies cor-related negatively with dog body *** duration,no correlation with body mass was *** discuss potential production mechanisms and sound sources for each fundamental frequency;point to the acoustic similarity between high-frequency dog whines and rodent ultrasonic calls and hypothesize that ultra-high fundamental frequencies function to allow private,"tete-a-tete"com-munication between members of social groups.

关键词： acoustic communication Canis familiaris companion dogs high-frequency calls nonlinear phenomena vocalization

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Pulse generation with ultra-superluminal pulse propagation in semiconductor heterostructures by superradiant-phase transition enhanced by transient coherent population gratings

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 737-743页

作者： Peter P vasil’ev Richard v Penty Ian H White Centre for Photonic Systems Department of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK Quantum Electronics Division PN Lebedev Physical InstituteMoscow 119991Russia

This paper reports the observation of ultra-superluminal pulse propagation in multiple-contact semiconductor heterostructures in a superradiant emission regime,and shows definitively that it is a different class of emission from conventional spontaneous or stimulated *** population gratings induced in the semiconductor medium under strong electrical pumping have been shown to cause a major decrease of the group refractive index,in the range of 5–40%.This decrease is much greater than that caused by conventional carrier depletion or chirp *** decrease in refractive index in turn causes faster-than-c propagation of femtosecond *** measurement also proves the existence of coherent amplification of electromagnetic pulses in semiconductors at room temperature,the coherence being strongly enhanced by interactions of the light with coherent transient gratings locked to carrier *** pulse-generation technique is anticipated to have great potential in applications where highly coherent femtosecond optical pulses must be generated on demand.

关键词： phase transition population grating superradiance superluminal propagation

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Silicene on non-metallic substrates： Recent theoretical and experimental advances

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Nano Research 2018年第3期11卷 1169-1182页

作者： Emilio Scalise Kostantina Iordanidou valeri v. Afanas'ev Andre Stesmans Michel Houssa Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Eisenforschung Max-Planck Straβe 1 D-40237 Dusseldorf Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D B-3001 Leuven Belgium

Silicene, the silicon counterpart of graphene, has been successfully grown on metallic substrates such as Ag（111）, ZrB2（0001）, and Ir（111） surfaces. However, characterization of its electronic structure is hampered by the metallic substrate. In addition, potential applications of silicene in nanoelectronic devices will require its growth on or integration with semiconducting and insulating substrates. We herein present a review of recent theoretical works regarding the interaction of silicene with non-metallic templates, distinguishing between the weak van-der-Waals-like interactions of silicene with, for example, layered metal （di）chalcogenides, and the stronger covalent bonding between silicene and, for example, ZnS surfaces. We then present a methodology to effectively compare the stability of diverse silicene structures using thermodynamics and molecular dynamics density functional theory calculations. Recent experimental results on the growth of silicene on MoS2 are also reported and compared to the theoretical predictions.

关键词： silicene non-metallic substrates chalcogenide MoS2 layered compounds

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Inflammation/bioenergetics-associated neurodegenerative pathologies and concomitant diseases:a role of mitochondria targeted catalase and xanthophylls

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 223-233页

作者： Mikhail A.Filippov olga G.Tatarnikova Natalia v.Pozdnyakova vasily v.vorobyov Sistema-BioTech LLCMoscowRussia Institute of Cell Biophysics Russian Academy of SciencesPushchinoRussia

various inflammatory stimuli are able to modify or even"re-program"the mitochondrial metabolism that results in generation of reactive oxygen *** noncommunicable chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathologies,type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome,these modifications become systemic and are characterized by chronic inflammation and,in particular,"neuroinflammation"in the central nervous *** processes associated with chronic inflammation are frequently grouped into"vicious circles"which are able to stimulate each other constantly amplifying the pathological *** circles are evidently observed in Alzheimer's disease,atherosclerosis,type 2 diabetes,metabolic syndrome and,possibly,other associated ***,chronic inflammation in peripheral tissues is frequently concomitant to Alzheimer's *** is supposedly associated with some common genetic polymorphisms,for example,Apolipoprotein-Eε4 allele carriers with Alzheimer's disease can also develop ***,in the transgenic mice expressing the recombinant mitochondria targeted catalase,that removes hydrogen peroxide from mitochondria,demonstrates the significant pathology amelioration and health *** addition,the beneficial effects of some natural products from the xanthophyll family,astaxanthin and fucoxanthin,which are able to target the reactive oxygen species at cellular or mitochondrial membranes,have been demonstrated in both animal and human *** propose that the normalization of mitochondrial functions could play a key role in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and other noncommunicable diseases associated with chronic inflammation in ***,some prospective drugs based on mitochondria targeted catalase or xanthophylls could be used as an effective treatment of these pathologies,especially at early stages of their development.

关键词： algae xanthophylls Alzheimer's disease atherosclerosis depression type 2 diabetes metabolic syndrome mitochondria-targeted catalase noncommunicable chronic diseases stress

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Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Precipitation in the Cis-Ural Region

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第3期33卷 831-838页

作者： Alena S.Kazantseva olga I.Kadebskaya Yuri v.Dublyansky Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences PermRussia Institute of Geology University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Using the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation(GNIP)method at three stations in the Cis-Ural region(Iskor,Perm,and Kungur),the monitoring results of the isotope composition of atmospheric precipitation conducted in 2016-2019 are *** lines of meteoric waters were obtained for each station and for the Cis-Ural region as a *** latitudinal zoning of changes in isotope parameters from north to south in the Cis-Ural region is noted,which is related to meteorological *** northern regions are characterized by isotopically light values compared to the southern ***,the correlation relationship between the isotopic compositions of atmospheric precipitation and meteorological parameters at each station is *** analysis data show that about 50%-90%of variations in the isotopic composition of precipitation within the annual cycle are determined by the air *** the same time,the amount of precipitation shows a relationship between the average strength and the isotopic composition of precipitation for a series of observations at Kungur Station;for a series of observations at Iskor and Perm stations,there is no *** in the relationship with meteorological data are explained by different sources of moisture introduction to the station and,accordingly,the formation of the isotopic composition of *** flow of moisture is controlled by the transfer of air masses in different directions,the formation of cyclones and ***,for the northern part of the region during the year is characterized by the predominance of cyclones,whereas for the southern-anticyclones.

关键词： precipitation isotopic composition Cis-Ural region correlation relationship Spear-man’s correlation coefficient

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On the winter enhancement of adaptive humoral immunity: hypothesis testing in desert hamsters (Phodopus roborovskii: Cricetidae, Rodentia) kept under long-day and short-day photoperiod

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第3期15卷 232-247页

作者： Nina Yu.vASILIevA Anastasiya M.KHRUSHCHOvA Alexander v.KUPTSOv olga N.SHEKAROvA olga v.SOKOLOvA Dehua WANG Konstantin A.ROGOvIN Severtsov Institute of Ecology and evolution RAS MoscowRussia Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Science Chaoyang DistrictBeijingChina

We tested the winter immunity enhancement hypothesis(WIEH)on male desert hamsters(Phodopus roborovskii)kept under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)*** assumed that under SD in a laboratory,the adaptive humoral immune responsiveness to the antigenic challenge would be enhanced due to the lack of winter physical stressors and food shortages and/or because of the action of an endogenous winter bolstering mechanism,while under LD the immune responsiveness would be suppressed by the activity of the reproductive *** results support the WIEH in *** did not find a difference in antibody production in response to sheep erythrocytes between SD and LD hamsters,but SD males had the lower number of granulocytes and the higher number of lymphocytes in white blood cell *** activity was lower in SD *** males demonstrated an increase in their mass-specific resting metabolic rate,their mass-specific maximal metabolic rate and their level of *** result of a generalized linear model analysis indicates the negative effect on secondary immunoresponsiveness to sheep erythrocytes of mid-ventral gland size,the organ characterizing individual reproductive quality,and designates a tradeoff between antibody production and reproductive *** mass-independent maximal metabolic rate also negatively affected antibody production,indicating a tradeoff between maximal aerobic performance and the adaptive immune *** higher stress in SD males seems to be the most likely reason for the lack of the effect of daylight duration on antibody production.

关键词： adaptive humoral immunity desert hamster photoperiodicity winter immunoenhancement

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WAvELET-BASED ANALYSIS OF CEREBROvASCULAR DYNAMICS IN NEWBORN RATS WITH INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第1期7卷 66-75页

作者： ALEXEY N.PAvLOv ALEXEY I.NAZIMOv olga N.PAvLOvA vLADISLAv v.LYCHAGOv vALERY v.TUCHIN olga A.BIBIKOvA SERGEYS.SINDEev OXANA v.SEMYACHKINA-GLUSHKOvSKAYA Department of Physics Saratou State University 83 Astrakhanskaya str.Saratou 410012Russia

Intracranial hemorrhage(I)is a major problem of neonatal intensive *** incidence of Iistypically asymptomatic and'canmot be effectively detected by standard diagnostic *** mechanisms underlying IH are unknown but there is evidence that stress-induced disorders inadrenergic regulation of cerebral venous blood flow (CvBF) are among the main *** and qualitative:could significantly advance understanding ofthe nature of I in newbornslth1sions of CvBF in newborn rats withan experimental model of *** analysis is bas ed on theDoppler optical coheavelet-based approachthat provides sensitiv external *** resultsccompanied by asupprectivity to *** show that the values0evelopent of *** conclude that t he revealed areactivity of the cerebral veins to adrenaline represents a possible mechanism responsible forpat hological changes in CvBF.

关键词： Brain hemorhages optical coherence tomography cerebrovascular dynamics wavelet analy sis stress.

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New Dimensions for a Challenging Security Environment:Growing Exposure to Critical Space Infrastructure Disruption Risk

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 555-560页

作者： Adrian v.Gheorghe Alexandru Georgescu olga Bucovetchi Marilena Lazar Cezar Scarlat Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529USA Romanian Association for Space Technology and Industry(ROMSPACE) 061126 BucharestRomania University Politehnica of Bucharest 060042 BucharestRomania Military Equipment and Technologies Research Agency of the Romanian Ministry of Defense(METRA) 077025 ClinceniIlfov CountyRomania

Space systems have become a key enabler for a wide variety of applications that are vital to the functioning of advanced societies. The trend is one of quantitative and qualitative increase of this dependence, so much so that space systems have been described as a new example of critical infrastructure. This article argues that the existence of critical space infrastructures implies the emergence of a new category of disasters related to disruption risks. We inventory those risks and make policy recommendations for what is, ultimately, a resilience governance issue.

关键词： Complex systems Infrastructure disruption Resilience governance Space infrastructure System interdependencies

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Paleoclimate Study of Mountain Ecosystems by Multiple Group Biological Analysis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 24-36页

作者： Marina SKRYPNIKOvA olga USPENSKAYA olga KHOKHLOvA Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Pyzhevsky Lane7Moscow109017Russia vegetable Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences h.500v.VereaRamenskii distMoscow region140153Russia Institute of Physical Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of RASUlitsa Institutskaya2PushchinoMoscow region142290Russia

Methodological problems of climatic reconstruction for different periods of Holocene are discussed on the basis of a multiple group biological analysis on peat-sapropel sediments. The possibility of biological analysis is exemplified by the paleoclimatic reconstruction for Carpathian and Altai Mountain ranges. For the ＂Skolevsky Beskidy＂ national park of Carpaty the paleoclimatic scenarios have been drown up aiming at the more precise definition of climatic conditions for the period of mass mountain slope terracing. The stability of terrace systems of various designs in the current climatic conditions has been assessed. It is shown that during periods of humid climate the terraces, whose designs have been focused on drainage, were built. In periods of dry and warm climate the terrace systems capable of accumulating water were built. Both these types of terrace systems are destroyed in nowadays. Only those terrace systems are stable which were adjusted by their builders to contrast variations of precipitation. For Western Altais the paleoclimatic scenario has been done to forecast the safety of the Bronze Age kurgans （burial earth mounds） with permafrost inside the construction. In the Altay region during the Holocene it has revealed two periods of sharp cooling, the peaks of which occurred in the intervals 4500- 4300 and 2500-2300 years pronounced climatic drying ago, and two periods of 4900-4700 and 130-70 years ago. Depletion of the algae composition in the layer corresponding to the last period of drying climate indicates a very sharp change in the parameters of moisture and turning the lake into a dry swamp. Periods of cold weather may have contributed to the formation of special ritual traditions of the Sakan tribes that require the frozen ground to bury the dead. The later climate fluctuations identified have not affected the safety of permafrost in burial mounds constructed in the v-III cc BC.

关键词： Climatic reconstruction Complex group biological analysis of peat-sapropel sediments Paleopedology Soil evolution Holocene

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The RdDM Pathway Is Required for Basal Heat Tolerance in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 396-410页

作者： olga v. Popova Huy Q. Dinh Werner Aufsatz Claudia Jonak GMI-Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology Austrian Academy of Sciences Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria

Heat stress affects epigenetic gene silencing in Arabidopsis. To test for a mechanistic involvement of epige-netic regulation in heat-stress responses, we analyzed the heat tolerance of mutants defective in DNA methylation, his-tone modifications, chromatin-remodeling, or siRNA-based silencing pathways. Plants deficient in NRPD2, the common second-largest subunit of RNA polymerases Iv and v, and in the Rpd3-type histone deacetylase HDA6 were hypersensi- tive to heat exposure. Microarray analysis demonstrated that NRPD2 and HDA6 have independent roles in transcriptional reprogramming in response to temperature stress. The misexpression of protein-coding genes in nrpd2 mutants recover-ing from heat correlated with defective epigenetic regulation of adjacent transposon remnants which involved the loss of control of heat-stress-induced read-through transcription. We provide evidence that the transcriptional response to temperature stress, at least partially, relies on the integrity of the RNA-dependent DNA methylation pathway.

关键词： heat stress RNA-directed DNA methylation transposons read-through transcription.

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