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Comparison of Soil Samples from Selected Anthropogenic Sites within Enugu Metropolis for Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metal Levels Determination

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第10期11卷 848-861页

作者： onyeka okeke Ernest Ezeh Harold Chinedu okeke Charles Chukwubuikem Aniobi Cletus Ifeanyi Akagha Plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Nigeria Chemical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Geological Sciences Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria Chemistry Department Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

This study compared the physicochemical parameters and heavy metal levels in soil samples from selected anthropogenic sites within Enugu metropolis, Enugu State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Soil samples at depths (0 - 20 cm) and (20 - 40 cm) were collected from waste dump sites, metal scrap dumps, fuel filling stations and auto-mechanic workshops and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal levels. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for heavy metal determination while conventional analytical methods were employed for physicochemical parameters evaluation of the soil samples. At soil depths 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm the respective mean range of pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and organic carbon contents in the soil samples were, 6.33 - 6.74, 101.46 - 123.21 μS/cm, 6.41% - 8.35% and 13.73% - 16.14% for auto-mechanic workshops;6.92 - 7.43, 56.46 - 60.02 μS/cm, 1.53% - 2.20% and 11.93% - 12.60% for fuel filling stations;7.14 - 7.84, 70.81 - 77.71 μS/cm, 3.81% - 4.12% and 8.57% - 9.24% for metal scrap dumps;6.54 - 6.81, 94.40 - 100.71 μS/cm, 8.83% - 10.75% and 18.26% - 20.81% for waste dump sites. The pH of the top soil samples from auto-mechanical workshop was below the WHO recommended limits for agricultural purposes. The physic-chemical characteristics of the soil samples decreased with soil depths indicating therefore that anthropogenic activities greatly influence the soil characteristics at the top soils than the sub-soils. The electrical conductivity values of top and sub-soil samples from the studied auto-mechanical workshops were above the recommended limits. At soil depths 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm, the respective mean range of Zn, Pb and Cd in the soil samples were 17.29 - 19.16 μg/g, 0.704 - 0.96 μg/g and 0.26 - 0.33 μg/g for auto-mechanic workshops;4.13 - 4.88 μg/g, 0.21 - 0.32 μg/g and 0.03 - 0.11 μg/g for fuel fil

关键词： Physicochemical Parameters Heavy Metals Pollution Soils Auto-Mechanic Workshops Fuel Filling Stations Waste Dump Sites and Metal Scrap Dumps

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Determination of Levels of Asbestos Fiber in Cosmetic and Non-Cosmetic Products Sold within Enugu Metropolis—Enugu State, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第10期11卷 862-871页

作者： onyeka okeke Harold Chinedu okeke Ernest Ezeh Charles Chukwubuikem Aniobi Uchechi Rowland Imoh Plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Nigeria Department of Geological Sciences Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Studies were carried out to determine asbestos fiber levels in cosmetic (talc powder) and non-cosmetic (gauze pad, plastic filler and ceiling tiles) products sold in market outlets within Enugu, metropolis, Enugu State, Nigeria, using standard established procedures. The samples were pretreated based on its physical make-up and the asbestos fiber levels determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersing spectroscopy techniques. The mean range of asbestos fiber was, 0.02 - 0.06;0.01 - 0.05;0.01 - 0.04 and 0.03 - 0.06 f/cc for talc powder, gauze pads, plastic filler and ceiling tile samples respectively. The mean levels of asbestos fibers in the studied samples were within the recommended permissible limits. The samples contain asbestos fiber in the following decreasing order: ceiling tiles > talc powders > gauze pads > plastic fillers. Asbestos fiber was found present in the investigated local and foreign items sold in market outlets within the metropolis. This study shows that despite the ban on the use of asbestos in the industry in the manufacture of items meant for human use, its enforcement appears weak and lethargic and this could portend health danger especially in the use of produced items with high asbestos fiber friability such as talc powder.

关键词： Asbestos Fiber Talc Powder Plastic Filler Ceiling Tile and Gauze Pad

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Out-Door Air Pollution Levels in Vehicular-Traffic Junctions in Nsukka Metropolis, Enugu Metropolis and Awgu Semi-Urban Area in Enugu State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2020年第4期9卷 105-115页

作者： okeke onyeka okeke Cecilia Ifeyinwa Ezeh Ernest Ikusika Bamidele Adunola Nwigwe Juliet Onyinye Plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Enugu State Nigeria National Engineering Design and Development Institute Nnewi Anambra State Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Anambra State Nigeria Department of Pure and Applied Sciences Federal College of Dental Technology and Therapy Enugu Enugu State Nigeria

Studies were carried out to investigate the outdoor air pollution levels in vehicular traffic junctions in the major cities of Nsukka, Enugu and semi-urban area of Awgu all in Enugu State, Nigeria using standard analytical procedures. PM2.5 was collected using Envirotech air sampler, APM 550 and analyzed gravimetrically. Other determined air pollutant gases such as SO2, NO2, O3 and CO were analyzed using colorimetric techniques. The mean hourly traffic density in the vehicular traffic junctions in Nsukka metropolis, Enugu metropolis and Awgu were 2015, 2873 and 587 respectively. The mean range of values of PM2.5, NO2, SO2, O3 and CO in vehicular traffic junctions within the investigated environments were 1.67 - 12.16 μg/m3, 3.72 - 23.83 μg/m3, 2.96 - 30.09 μg/m

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Groupoid Approach to Ergodic Dynamical System of Commutative von Neumann Algebra

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第3期14卷 167-184页

作者： Nicholas O. okeke Murphy E. Egwe Physical and Mathematical Sciences Dominican University Ibadan Nigeria Department of Mathematics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Given a compact and regular Hausdorff measure space (X, μ), with μ a Radon measure, it is known that the generalised space M(X) of all the positive Radon measures on X is isomorphic to the space of essentially bounded functions L∞(X, μ) on X. We confirm that the commutative von Neumann algebras M⊂B(H), with H=L2(X, μ), are unitary equivariant to the maximal ideals of the commutative algebra C(X). Subsequenly, we use the measure groupoid to formulate the algebraic and topological structures of the commutative algebra C(X) following its action on M(X) and define its representation and ergodic dynamical system on the commutative von Neumann algebras of M of B(H) .

关键词： Measure Groupoid Groupoid Equivalence Ergodic Action Convolution Algebra von Neumann Algebra Generalized Space

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A novel three-step implicit iteration process for threeΦ-hemicontractive mapping in the intermediate sense

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第2期38卷 248-263页

作者： Godwin Amechi okeke Austine Efut Ofem Functional Analysis and Optimization Research Group Laboratory(FANORG) Department of Math-ematicsSchool of Physical SciencesFederal University of Technology OwerriP.M.B.1526 OwerriImo StateNigeria School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa Department of Mathematics University of UyoUyoNigeria

In this paper,we introduce a three-step composite implicit iteration process for approximating the common fixed point of three uniformly continuous and asymptotically generalizedΦ-hemicontractive mappings in the intermediate *** prove that our proposed iteration process converges to the common fixed point of three finite family of asymptotically generalizedΦ-hemicontractive mappings in the intermediate *** results extends,improves and complements several known results in literature.

关键词： xed point asymptotically genralizedΦ-hemicontractive mapping in the intermediate sense uniformly continuos implicit iteration process strong convergence Banach spaces

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Burden and Severity of Depression in Nigeria: Relationship and Association with Visual Impairment

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第4期12卷 311-320页

作者： Godwin Onyebueke Suhanyah okeke Ifeoma Nwabuogo Asimadu Department of Internal Medicine ESUT College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology ESUT College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology Enugu Nigeria

The study investigated the burden and severity of depression in relationship with visual impairment in Nigeria. Four hundred (400) male and female in and outpatients with various degrees of visual impairment attending a clinic in the department of ophthalmology, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu were used. They were selected through the purposive sampling method. The socio-demographic questionnaire, Beck depression inventory and WHO-VFQ (visual function questionnaire were used to collect data. The result showed that the domains of vision-related health status were negatively related to depression at (-0.4) also general vision (-0.09), ocular pain (-0.23), vision-specific mental health (-0.03), role difficulties (-0.03), role difficulties (-0.03), dependency (-0.09), color vision (-0.30) and peripheral vision (-0.13) and vision-specific social functioning. Domains of near acuity and vision specific social functioning were positively related, but the only statistically significant domain was vision-specific social functioning at (0.30, p 0.001). It was suggested that hospitals, families and other social groups should ensure that they provide social and emotional support to the visually impaired using their facilities.

关键词： Depression Visual Acuity Visual Function Vision-Targeted Health Status

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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with increased risk of hepatobiliary disease and adverse fetal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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iLIVER 2023年第4期2卷 219-226页

作者： Peter Olujimi Odutola Peter Oluwatobi Olorunyomi Olanrewaju Olamide Olatawura Ifeoluwapo Olorunyomi Olukayode Madojutimi Ayomide O.Fatunsin Uju okeke Harvard University CambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA The Robert Gordon University GarthdeeAberdeenScotlandAB107QBUK College of Medicine Olabisi Onabanjo UniversitySagamuOgun State 120107Nigeria College of Health Professions Chamberlain UniversityDowners GroveIllinois 60515-5683USA College of Public Health Northeastern Illinois UniversityChicagoIllinois 60625USA SSM Healthcare Saint LouisMissouri 63104USA Texas A&M University College StationTexas 77843USA

Background and aims:The aim of this study was to review the literature and perform a meta-analysis to clarify the association between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and risks of long-term maternal hepatobiliary disease as well as adverse fetal outcomes including preterm birth,meconium-stained amniotic fluid,and ***:This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.A comprehensive literature search was performed using Cochrane,Embase,and PubMed databases to identify observational or cohort studies comparing pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP)to pregnant women without *** from the included studies were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.4.1 ***:The meta-analysis showed a significant association between ICP and the risk of hepatobiliary diseases(pooled risk ratio[RR]:2.81,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.66–2.97,p<0.00001),hepatitis C(HC):a significant association between ICP and risk of HC(pooled RR:4.02,95%CI:3.12–5.19,p<0.00001),meconium-stained amniotic fluid(MSAF):ICP was significantly associated with an increased risk of MSAF(pooled RR:1.91,95%CI:1.65–2.21,p<0.00001),and preterm birth:the meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between ICP and preterm birth(pooled RR:2.11,95%CI:2.01–2.21,p<0.00001).Conclusion:ICP demonstrated statistically significant associations with increased risks of hepatobiliary disease,HC,MSAF,and preterm birth.

关键词： Intrahepatic Cholestasis Hepatobiliary Fetal

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Investigating Contributions of Total Column Ozone Variation on Some Meteorological Parameters in Nigeria

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 132-149页

作者： Eucharia Chidinma Okoro Francisca Nneka okeke Lilian Chinenyenwa Omeje Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The relationship between some meteorological parameters and variation of total column ozone (TCO) concentration in Nigeria is studied from 1998-2012. The results using a descriptive analysis revealed a seasonal ozone variation having the same trend in all the stations during the period of study. High variability of TCO occurred between December and March coinciding with the period of dry season and low variability of TCO was observed in August coinciding with the period of rainy season. The observed trends in all the stations show that the TCO variation in Nigeria is mostly caused by natural occurrences. Calabar and Port Harcourt stations showed a high percent of TCO variability, while Kano and Maiduguri indicated a low percentage of TCO variability. Using Spearman correlation analysis, TCO concentration has a strong negative correlation with temperature in some stations with correlation coefficient (r) (-0.8392, -0.8531, -0.7832, -8881 and -0.7902) for Calabar, Port Harcourt, Makurdi, Lagos and Ilorin respectively. Kano and Maiduguri showed a weak positive correlation coefficient (r) 0.4965 and 0.3776 respectively. Positive correlation observed in Kano and Maiduguri could be as a result of high dehydration of water vapour in these stations due to seasonal harmattan and latitudinal effects. Probably, some of the substances that could deplete ozone such as HCl, aerosol are soluble in water thereby being washed off by rain during wet season leading to maximum TCO concentration during rainy season. Consequently, the observed phenomenon is through transportation of ozone content through the influence of Brewer-Dobson

关键词： Total Column Ozone Temperature Rainfall Seasonal Correlation

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Fingerprint Patterns in Students with Learning Disability:Evidence of Sexual Dimorphism and Potential for Diagnosis in a Nigerian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 153-161,I0001-I0005页

作者： Ndubuisi Paris Obi Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor Chijioke okeke Department of Anatomy Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewi CampusNnewi Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of MedicineUniversity of Ibadan Department of Reproductive Health Sciences Pan African University of Life and Earth Science Institute(Including Health and Agriculture)University of IbadanIbadanNigeria

This study assessed the sex-based relationship and prediction pattern between fingerprint patterns,ridge counts,and learning disability(LD).This cross-sectional study recruited 300 students(150 LD and 150 non-LD)aged between 3 and 29 *** fingerprint patterns(arch,whorl,ulnar loop,and radial loop)and the ridge count:total finger ridge count(TFRC),absolute ridge count(ARC),ulnar ridge count(URC),and radial ridge count(RRC)were *** with LD showed a significantly higher whorl and a significantly lower ulnar loop than students without *** is a significant association of whorl pattern in the first right finger of subjects with LD compared to non-LD ***,ARC,and URC were significantly higher in females with LD than non-LD females(P=0.01,0.03,and 0.001).Males with LD showed significantly lower TFRC,RRC,and URC counts than the non-LD males(P=0.02,0.01,and 0.001).TFRC can predict LD in males(odds ratio[OR]=1.010,P=0.032)and females(OR=0.993,P=0.012).Fingerprint pattern and ridge counts are sexually dimorphic in subjects with or without *** and whorl fingerprint patterns may be vital predictive and screening tools for LD in males and females.

关键词： Dermatoglyphics finger ridge count fingerprint patterns learning disability predictive tool sexual dimorphism

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Geoelectrical Investigation of Groundwater Potentials of Northern Paiko,Niger State,North Central Nigeria

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第1期28卷 103-112页

作者： Usman D.Alhassan Daniel Nnaemeka Obiora Francisca Nneka okeke Department of Physics Federal University of Technology Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nigeria

Vertical electrical sounding（VES） was carried out in northern part of Paiko, North Central Nigeria, using Abem terrameter model SAS 4000 to determine the subsurface layer parameters（resistivities, depths and thickness） employed in delineating the groundwater potential of the area. A total of six transverses with ten VES stations along each traverse, at intervals of 50 m were investigated. It has a maximum current electrode separation（AB/2） of 100 m. Three to four distinct geoelectric layers were observed, namely, the top layer, the weathered layer, the fractured/fresh layer, and the fresh basement layer. The observed frequencies in curve types include 21% of H, 4.2% of HA, 2.4% of K, 4.2% of A, 1.67% of KH and 3% of HK. Eight VES stations were delineated as ground water potentials of the area, with third and fourth layer resistivities ranging from 191 to 398 ？·m. Depths range from 13.60 to 36.60 m and thickness varies from 9.23 to 30.51 m. A correlation of the borehole log with the VES lithology is in agreement. Viable boreholes for good portable water should be sited at VES stations J8 and J10 having a fine aquifer at a depth of 36.60 and 17.80 m respectively with thickness of 30.51 and 15.07 m, respectively.

关键词： vertical electrical sounding groundwater potential northern Paiko resistivity aquifer,geoelectric layer Abem terrameter.

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