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Cloud Radiative Effects and Changes Simulated by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Models

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第7期34卷 859-876页

作者： Sun-Hee SHIN ok-yeon kim Dongmin kim Myong-In LEE Climate Research Department APEC Climate Center Busan 48058 Republic of Korea School of Urban and Environmental Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea

Using 32 CMIP5（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5） models, this study examines the veracity in the simulation of cloud amount and their radiative effects（CREs） in the historical run driven by observed external radiative forcing for 1850-2005, and their future changes in the RCP（Representative Concentration Pathway） 4.5 scenario runs for2006-2100. Validation metrics for the historical run are designed to examine the accuracy in the representation of spatial patterns for climatological mean, and annual and interannual variations of clouds and CREs. The models show large spread in the simulation of cloud amounts, specifically in the low cloud amount. The observed relationship between cloud amount and the controlling large-scale environment are also reproduced diversely by various models. Based on the validation metrics,four models-ACCESS1.0, ACCESS1.3, Had GEM2-CC, and Had GEM2-ES-are selected as best models, and the average of the four models performs more skillfully than the multimodel ensemble *** models project global-mean SST warming at the increase of the greenhouse gases, but the magnitude varies across the simulations between 1 and 2 K, which is largely attributable to the difference in the change of cloud amount and distribution. The models that simulate more SST warming show a greater increase in the net CRE due to reduced low cloud and increased incoming shortwave radiation, particularly over the regions of marine boundary layer in the subtropics. Selected best-performing models project a significant reduction in global-mean cloud amount of about-0.99% K^-1and net radiative warming of 0.46 W m^-2K^-1, suggesting a role of positive feedback to global warming.

关键词： warming cloud radiative historical CMIP interannual greenhouse ACCESS oceans seasonal

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Development and application of a multi-step porcine in vitro system to evaluate feedstuffs and feed additives for their efficacy in nutrient digestion, digesta characteristics, and intestinal immune responses

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 265-282页

作者： Hee yeon kim Jun-ok Moon Sung Woo kim Application Center CJ Blossom Park Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University

In vitro model provides alternatives to the use of live animals in research. In pig nutrition, there has been a tremendous increase in in vivo research over the decades. Proper utilization of in vitro models could provide a screening tool to reduce the needs of in vivo studies, research duration, cost, and the use of animals and feeds. This study aimed to develop a multi-step porcine in vitro system to simulate nutrient digestion and intestinal epithelial immune responses affected by feedstuffs and feed additives. Seven feedstuffs(corn, corn distillers dried grains with solubles [corn DDGS], barley, wheat, soybean meal, soy protein concentrates, and Corynebacterium glutamicum cell mass [CGCM]), feed enzymes(xylanase and phytase), and supplemental amino acids(arginine, methionine, and tryptophan), were used in this in vitro evaluation for their efficacy on digestibility, digesta characteristics, and intestinal health compared with the results from previously published in vivo studies. All in vitro evaluations were triplicated. Data were analyzed using Mixed procedure of SAS9.4. Evaluations included(1) nutrient digestibility of feedstuffs,(2) the effects of feed enzymes, xylanase and phytase, on digestibility of feedstuffs and specific substrates, and(3) the effects of amino acids, arginine, tryptophan, and methionine, on anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-heat stress statuses showing their effects(P < 0.05) on the measured items. Differences in dry matter and crude protein digestibility among the feedstuffs as well as effects of xylanase and phytase were detected(P < 0.05), including xylo-oligosaccharide profiles and phosphorus release from phytate. Supplementation of arginine, tryptophan, and methionine modulated(P < 0.05) cellular inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The use of this in vitro model allowed the use of 3 experimental replications providing sufficient statistical power at P < 0.05. This indicates in vitro models can have increased prec

关键词： Digestion Feed additive Feedstuff In vitro Intestine Pig

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The H∞ Robust Stability and Performance Conditions for Uncertain Robot Manipulators

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期 270-272页

作者： Geun Il Song Hae yeon Park Jung Hoon kim the Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) the Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) the Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University

Dear Editor,H∞This letter develops a new framework for the robust stability and performance conditions as well as the relevant controller synthesis with respect to uncertain robot *** often exist model uncertainties between the nominal model and the real robot manipulator and disturbances. Hence, dealing with their effects plays a crucial role in leading to high tracking performances, as discussed in [1]–[5].

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Effect of atractylenolide Ⅲ on zearalenone-induced Snail1-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in porcine intestinal epithelium

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2081-2092页

作者： Na yeon kim Myoung ok kim Sangsu Shin Woo‑Sung Kwon Bomi kim Joon Yeop Lee Sang In Lee Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National UniversitySangjuGyeong‑sangbuk‑do37224Republic of Korea Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science Kyungpook National UniversitySangjuGyeongsangbuk‑do 37224Republic of Korea National Institute for Korean Medicine Development Gyeongsan 38540Republic of Korea

Background The intestinal epithelium performs essential physiological functions,such as nutrient absorption,and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of harmful *** are prevalent contaminants found in ani-mal feed that exert harmful effects on the health of ***(ZEA)is produced by the Fusarium genus and induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and disrupts the health and immune system of ***,we evaluated the molecular mechanisms that regulate the effects of ZEA on the porcine intestinal *** Treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with ZEA decreased the expression of E-cadherin and increased the expression of Snai1 and Vimentin,which induced Snail1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).In addition,ZEA induces Snail-mediated EMT through the activation of TGF-β*** treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with atractyle-nolideⅢ,which were exposed to ZEA,alleviated *** Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ZEA toxicity in porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells and ways to mitigate it.

关键词： Atractylenolide III Epithelial–mesenchymal transition IPEC-J2 cells Snail TGF-beta signaling Zearalenone

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Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Rapidly Solidified Mg-Al-Zn-MM Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第1期24卷 89-92页

作者： yeon-Wook kim Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Keimyung University Daegu 704-701Korea

Mg-Al-Zn-M M （misch metal） alloy powders were manufactured by inert gas atomization and the characteristics of alloy powders were *** spite of the low fluidity and easy oxidation of the magnesium melt,the spherical powder was made successfully with the improved three piece nozzle systems of gas atomization unit. It was found that most of the solidified powders with particles size of less than 50μm in diameter were single crystal and the solidification structure of rapidly solidified powders showed a typical dendritic morphology because of supercooling prior to *** spacing of secondary denrite arms was deceasing as the size of powders was *** rapidly solidified powders were consolidated by vacuum hot extrusion and the effects of misch metal addition to AZ91 on mechanical properties of extruded bars were also *** extrusion of the rapidly solidified powders,their dendritic structure was broken into fragments and remained as grains of about 3μm in *** Mg-Al-Ce intermetallic compounds formed in the interdendritic regions of powders were finely broken,*** tensile strength and ductility obtained in as-extruded Mg-9 wt pct Al-1 wt pct Zn-3 wt pct MM alloy wereσ-（T.S.） =383 MPa andε=10.6%,*** of these improvements on mechanical properties were resulted from the refined microstructure and second-phase dispersions.

关键词： Mg alloy Gas atomization Misch metal Hot extrusion

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Colon transit time according to physical activity and characteristics in South Korean adults

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第4期19卷 550-555页

作者： Kang ok Cho Yun Ju Jo Bong Kil Song Jung Woo Oh yeon Soo kim Institute of Korea Exercise and Development Seoul 151-877South Korea Y Department of Internal Medicine Eulji Universitiy School of MedicineSeoul 139-711South Korea Health and Exercise Science Laboratory Institute of Sports ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-742South Korea

AIM:To investigate factors contributing to the colon transit time(CTT),physical activity and characteristics were ***:Forty-seven Korean adults(males,n=23;females,n=24) took a capsule containing 20 radioopaque markers to measure the *** subjects used an accelerometer to measure the physical activity and underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis to determine the physical ***-nutrient was also ***:The mean total CTTs(TCTT) in the males and females were 8.8 and 24.7 h(P=0.002),*** the male subjects,the right CTT(3.5±4.9 h vs 10.0±11.6 h,P=0.023) and recto-sigmoid CTT(4.4±4.7 vs 13.6±12.5 h,P=0.004) were significantly shorter and the total energy expenditure(637.6±44.3 kcal vs 464.3±64.9 kcal,P=0.003),total activity count(247 017±75 022 count vs 178 014±75 998 count,P=0.003),energy expenditure of light intensity(148.5±6.9 kcal vs 120.0±16.8 kcal,P=0.006),energy expenditure of moderate intensity(472.0±36.2 kcal vs 281.4±22.2 kcal,P < 0.001),fat intake(65.5±23.3 g vs 51.2±17.4 g,P=0.010),and water consumption(1714.3±329.4 g vs 1164.7±263.6 g,P=0.009) were significantly higher than in the female *** correlations,when adjusted for gender,fiber(r =-0.545,P < 0.001) and water intake(r =-0.257,P < 0.05) correlated significantly with the TCTT in all *** addition,the body mass index(r =-0.424,P < 0.05) and fiber intake(r =-0.417,P < 0.05) in the males as well as the fiber intake(r =-0.655,P < 0.001) in the females showed significant correlations with the ***:The subjects showed significant gender differences in the TCTT,right CTT,and recto-sigmoid ***,the intake of the fiber and water contributed to the CTT.

关键词： Colon transit time Physical activity Characteristics Macro-nutrient South Korean

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Seasonal Prediction of Monthly Precipitation in China Using Large-Scale Climate Indices

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第1期27卷 47-59页

作者： Maeng-Ki kim yeon-Hee kim Department of Atmospheric Science Kongju National University

In this study, seasonal predictions were applied to precipitation in China on a monthly basis based on a multivariate linear regression with an adaptive choice of predictors drawn from regularly updated climate indices with a two to twelve month lead time. A leave-one-out cross validation was applied to obtain hindcast skill at a 1% significance level. The skill of forecast models at a monthly scale and their significance levels were evaluated using Anomaly Correlation Coefficients （ACC） and Coefficients Of Determination （COD）. The monthly ACC skill ranged between 0.43 and 0.50 in Central China, 0.41-0.57 in East China, and 0.41 0.60 in South China. The dynamic link between large-scale climate indices with lead time and the precipitation in China is also discussed based on Singular Value Decomposition Analysis （SVDA） and Correlation Analysis （CA）.

关键词： seasonal prediction precipitation in China climate predictors climate index

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Sensing Characteristics of Polyaniline Sensor Coated with Porous Poly(vinylidenfluoride) Layer to Methanol Gas

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A03期35卷 459-462页

作者： Cheol-Beom Lim Joon-Boo Yu Do-yeon kim Sung-ok Sohn Duk-Dong Lee Jeung-Soo Huh Department of Sensor and Display Engineering Kyungpook National UniversitySangyuk-Dong 1370BukguDeaguKorea Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy Kyungpook National UniversitySangyuk-Dong 1370BukguDeaguKorea Department of Electronic Engineering Kyungpook National UniversitySangyuk-Dong 1370BukguDeaguKorea Department of Sensor and Display Engineering Kyungpook National UniversitySangyuk-Dong 1370BukguDeaguKorea.Department of Materials Science & MetallurgyKyungpook National UniversitySangyuk-Dong 1370BukguDeaguKorea

Hydrophobic polymer [***(vinylidenfluoride)] layer was coated on polyaniline (PANi) sensor to reduce the problems of *** differences in sensitivity to methanol gas detection in various humidity condition between pure-PANi sensor and coated with poly(vinylidenfluoride) polymer (PVDF) (coated-PANi sensor) were *** the relation between the density of pore,which was coated on the layer of the PANi sensor,and sensitivity was *** fabricate the porous PVDF layer on PANi sensor,poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA),which is water-soluble polymer,was used. Coated-PANi sensor was less affected by humidity compared with pure-PANi *** higher density of pore on PVDF layer led to higher sensitivity.

关键词： polyaniline PVDF PVA methanol gas humidity

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Electrochemically stable lithium-ion and electron insulators(LEIs)for solid-state batteries

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1213-1220页

作者： Kai Pei So yeon kim Ju Li Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Rechargeable solid-state Li metal batteries demand ordered flows of Li-ions and electrons in and out of solid structures,with repeated waxing and waning of Ubcc phase near contact interfaces which gives rise to various electro-chemo-mechanical *** have been approaches that adopt three-dimensional(3D)nanoporous architectures consisting of mixed ion-electron conductors(MIECs)to combat these ***,there has remained an issue of LiBcc nucleation at the interfaces between different solid components(e.g.,solid electrolyte/MlEC interface),which could undermine the interfacial bonding,thereby leading to the evolution of mechanical instability and the loss of ionic/electronic *** this regard,the present work shows that the Li-ion and electron insulators(LEIs)that are thermodynamically stable against LiBcc could combat such challenges by blocking transportation of charge carriers on the interfaces,analogous to dielectric layers in *** searched the ab initio database and have identified 48 crystalline compounds to be LEI candidates(46 experimentally reported compounds and 2 hypothetical compounds predicted to be stable)with a band gap greater than 3 eV and vanishing Li *** these compounds,those with good adhesion to solid electrolyte and mixed ion-electron conductor of interest,but are lithiophobic,are expected to be the most *** also extended the search to Na or K metal compatible alkali-ion and electron insulators,and identified some crystalline compounds with a property to resist corresponding alkali-ions and electrons.

关键词： electrochemical stability window stress fracture adhesion contact lithium metal anode

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Intelligent structured nanocomposite adhesive for bioelectronics and soft robots

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 534-549页

作者： yeon Soo Lee Min-Seok kim Da Wan kim Changhyun Pang School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea Mechanical Metrology Group Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Korea National University of TransportationChungbuk 27469Republic of Korea Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

The remarkable functionality of biological systems in detecting and adapting to various environmental conditions has inspired the design of the latest electronics and robots with advanced *** review focuses on intelligent bio-inspired strategies for developing soft bioelectronics and robotics that can accommodate nanocomposite adhesives and integrate them into biological *** underlying principles of the material and structural design of nanocomposite adhesives were investigated for practical applications with excellent functionalities,such as soft skin-attachable health care sensors,highly stretchable adhesive electrodes,switchable adhesion,and untethered soft *** addition,we have discussed recent progress in the development of effective fabrication methods for micro/nanostructures for integration into devices,presenting the current challenges and prospects.

关键词： biomimetics bio-adhesive switchable adhesion bioelectronics nanocomposite soft robotics

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