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Human amniotic fluid stem cell therapy can help regain bladder function in type 2 diabetic rats

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world Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第5期14卷 330-346页

作者： Ching-Chung Liang Steven w Shaw Yung-Hsin Huang Tsong-Hai Lee Female Urology Section Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan Division of obstetrics Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTaipei Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaipei 105Taiwan Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group Institute for Women’s HealthUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Stroke Center and Department of Neurology Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan

BACKGRoUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a serious and growing global health *** is estimated that 80%of diabetic patients have micturition problems such as poor emptying,urinary incontinence,urgency,and urgency *** with diabetic bladder dysfunction are often resistant to currently available *** is necessary to develop new and effective treatment *** To examine the therapeutic effect of human amniotic fluid stem cells(hAFSCs)therapy on bladder dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic rat *** Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups:Group 1,normal-diet control(control);group 2,high-fat diet(HFD);group 3,HFD plus streptozotocin-induced DM(DM);group 4,DM plus insulin treatment(DM+insulin);group 5,DM plus hAFSCs injection via tail vein(DM+hAFSCs).Conscious cystometric studies were done at 4 and 12 wk after insulin or hAFSCs treatment to measure peak voiding pressure,voided volume,intercontraction interval,bladder capacity,and residual *** and/or mRNA expression of muscarinic receptors,nerve growth factor(NGF),and sensory nerve markers in the bladder and insulin,MafA,and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1)in pancreatic beta cells were *** Compared with DM rats,insulin but not hAFSCs treatment could reduce the bladder weight and improve the voided volume,intercontraction interval,bladder capacity,and residual volume(Powever,both insulin and hAFSCs treatment could help to regain the blood glucose and bladder functions to the levels near controls(P>0.05).The immunoreactivities and mRNA expression of M2-and M3-muscarinic receptors(M2 and M3)were increased mainly at 4 wk(Pwhile the number of beta cells in islets and the immunoreactivities and/or mRNA of NGF,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),substance P,insulin,MafA,and PDX-1 were decreased in DM rats(Powever,insulin and hAFSCs treatment could help to regain the expression of M2,M3,NGF,CGRP,substance P,MafA

关键词： Amniotic fluid Bladder dysfunction Diabetes Insulin Stem cells

A Key to Solving the Angle Trisection Problem

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2023年第9期13卷 625-634页

作者： Lyndon o. Barton Department of Math and Physics Delaware State University Dover USA

This paper describes the methodology (or approach) that was key to the solution of the angle trisection problem published earlier in article entitled, “A Procedure For Trisecting An Acute Angle.” It was an approach that required first, designing a working model of a trisector mechanism, second, studying the motion of key elements of the mechanism and third, applying the fundamental principles of kinematics to arrive at the desired results. In presenting these results, since there was no requirement to provide a detailed analysis of the final construction, this information was not included. However, now that the publication is out, it is considered appropriate as well as instructive to explain more fully the mechanism analysis of the trisector in graphical detail, as covered in Section 3 of this paper, that formed the basis of the long sought solution to the age-old Angle Trisection Problem.

关键词： Archimedes’ Construction College Geometry College Mathematics Angle Trisection Trisector Famous Problems in Mathematics History of Mathematics Mechanism Analysis Kinematics Geometer’s Sketch Pad

Bioactives and extracts affect the physico-chemical properties of concentrated whey protein isolate dispersions

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 25-40页

作者： Mackenzie M.Hansen Richard w.Hartel YrjöH.Roos Food Technology School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Department of Food Science College of Agricultural and Life SciencesUniversity of WisconsinOffice A11Babcock Hall1605 Linden DriveMadisonWI53706USA

Non-covalent complexation interactions are known to occur between bioactive compounds and proteins. while formulating with these components can have positive outcomes such as stabilization of colors and actives, it can also result in changes to the structures and physical properties of proteins, affecting product functionality and sensory attributes. Previous experiments reported measurable changes in the physico-chemical properties of whey protein isolate (wPI) dispersions upon formulation with Aronia berry extract, ascribing changes to protein-polyphenol (PP) interactions in the systems. Pure gallotannin, beet extract, and cranberry extract, providing a diverse variety structures and sizes, were selected for further experimentation and comparison with the effects of Aronia extract. Concentrated dispersions with varying wPI:sucrose ratios, formulated with several bioactives contents from multiple different sources were analyzed to identify the effects of different bioactives on physico-chemical properties of dispersions. Dispersions formulated with cranberry extract demonstrated the largest increases in surface tensions, viscosities, and particle sizes, while those formulated with beet extract were the least affected by the presence of bioactives, suggesting that different bioactives and extracts had varying propensities for complexation interactions with wPI, despite their relatively low levels of addition (0, 0.5, and 1%).

关键词： whey protein Concentrated dispersions Polyphenols Extracts Physico-chemical properties

Nonlinear　Evolution　of　Driven　Electron　Plasma　oscillations　in　Inhomogeneous　Plasmas

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Chinese Journal of Lasers 1994年第1期B3卷 29-41页

作者： SHENG Zhengming XU Zhizhan YU wei MA Jinxiu(Shanghai Institute of optics and Fins Mechanics, Academia Sinica,P.o.Box800-211, Shanghai 201800, China)(CCAST(world Laboratory), P. o. Box 8730, Beijing 100080, China) Acad Sinica Shanghai China

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关键词： electron plasma oscillation inhomogeneous Plasmas relativistic and convectivenonlinearities.

Refrigerated and frozen storage impact aronia berry quality

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 13-24页

作者： Erica S.King Andrea Noll Susan Glenn Bradley w.Bolling Department of Food Science University of Wisconsin-Madison1605 Linden Dr.MadisonWI53706USA Department of Statistics Medical Sciences CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1300 University Ave Rm 1220MadisonWI53706USA

Postharvest storage of many freshly picked berries affects polyphenol and sugar content. However, little is known about the impact of refrigerated and frozen storage on aronia berry composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize how storage at 4 ± 2 °C and − 20 ± 2 °C, and temperature cycles affect aronia berry polyphenols, total solid content, pH, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase (PPo) activity, sugar content, acid content, color, and cell structure. Refrigerated storage reduced proanthocyanidins (21%), anthocyanins (36%), and total phenols (21%) after 12 weeks. Frozen storage increased polyphenols in the first 6 mo. of frozen storage but then decreased polyphenols at mo. 8 to levels similar to initial values. Frozen temperature cycling reduced anthocyanins 18% but did not affect total phenols or proanthocyanidins. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated temperature cycling induced cell damage, shrinking, and fusion. This disruption led to the release of anthocyanins inside the berry tissue. PPo activity did not significantly correlate with the decrease in polyphenol content during storage. °Brix did not significantly change during refrigeration and frozen storage but did during the 12th temperature cycle. Aronia berries’ pH and titratable acidity were affected more by refrigeration than frozen and temperature storage. The pH increased by 4% during refrigeration, and titratable acidity decreased by 17% at 12 weeks. In conclusion, refrigerated storage results in a modest reduction of aronia berry polyphenols, but absolute extractable polyphenols are stable for up to 8 months of frozen storage.

关键词： Aronia berry Polyphenols Storage Refrigeration Sugars Acids Frozen

Plant growth in a fragmented forest is a consequence of top-down and bottom-up processes, but not their interaction

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 601-609页

作者： Brad J.Farmilo John w.Morgan Dale G.Nimmo Department of Ecology Environment and EvolutionLa Trobe University1 Kingsbury DriveBundooraVictoria 3086Australia Department of Environment LandWater and PlanningArthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research123 Brown StreetHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin University221 Burwood HighwayBurwoodVictoria 3125Australia Institute for Land Water and SocietySchool of Environmental ScienceCharles Sturt University1 Elizabeth Mitchell DriveAlburyNew South Wales 2640Australia

Aims Habitat loss and fragmentation are the leading causes of global biodiversity *** fragmentation(leading to edge effects,increased isolation and declining habitat size)interacts with top-down processes like vertebrate herbivory,an important driver of vegetation structure and composition in many ecosystems,is poorly *** between fragmentation and changes in her-bivory may exacerbate their individual influences on plant growth,with implications for management of native plant communities within fragmented *** examined the effects of habitat fragmentation on herbivore activity,and also how both fragmen-tation and mammalian herbivory influence growth of understorey plant *** This study was conducted at the wog wog habitat fragmentation experiment,located in south-eastern New South wales,*** use herbivore exclusion plots across an experimentally frag-mented landscape to assess the interactive effects of fragmenta-tion and herbivory on the growth of four plant species that vary in growth form and rarity in the *** Findings we observed species-specific responses to both herbivory and fragmentation,but no additive or interactive effects between these *** show that a reduction in herbivore activity within frag-ments does not correspond with an increase in plant growth,even for the most palatable ***,top-down processes continue to operate across the fragmented *** changes in habitat conditions within fragments appear to negatively influence both plant growth and mammalian herbivore activity,it is likely that alterations to bottom-up effects(***)may be more important than top-down effects(***)for the spe-cies under *** species-specific response of plants to herbivory or fragmentation may have implications for temporal and spatial population persistence in fragmented landscapes and ulti-mately fragment vegetation structure.

关键词： wog wog habitat fragmentation experiment Pinus radiata herbivory understorey plants plantation eucalypt

The significance of midsummer movements of Autographa gamma： Implications for a mechanistic understanding of orientation behavior in a migrant moth

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 360-370页

作者： Jason w. CHAPMAN Ka S. LIM Don R. REYNoLDS Department ofAgroEcology Rothamsted Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK Environment and Sustainability Institute University of Exeter Penryn Cornwall TR10 9EZ UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich Chatham Kent ME4 4TB UK

The silver Y moth Autographa gamma undertakes windbome spring and fall migrations between winter breeding re- gions around the Mediterranean and summer breeding regions in northern Europe. Flight behaviors facilitating these migrations include：（i） selection of seasonally-favorable tailwinds; （ii） flying at the altitude of the fastest winds; （iii） adopting flight headings that partially counteract crosswind drift; and （iv） seasonal reversal of preferred directions between spring and fall. In the UK, ra- dar measurements indicate that migratory activity is pronounced during the spring and fall, but is usually very low during mid- summer （July）. However, an atypically intense period of high-altitude flight was recorded during July 2006, and in this study we compare the flight behavior of A. gamma during these midsummer movements with the more typical spring and fall migrations. During July 2006, activity was most intense at significantly lower altitudes than occurred in spring or fall, and was not associated with the height of the fastest winds; consequently displacement speeds were significantly slower. The most striking difference was an absence of tailwind selectivity in July with windborne movements occurring on almost every night of the month and on tailwinds from all directions. Finally, orientation behavior was quantitatively different during July, with significantly greater dis- persion of flight headings and displacements than observed in spring and fall. we discuss mechanisms which could have caused these differences, and conclude that a lack of appropriate photopcriod cues during development of the summer generation resulted in randomly-oriented ＇dispersive＇ movements that were strikingly different from typical seasonal migrations .

关键词： Long-range migration Dispersal High-altitude flight Photoperiod Entomological radar Noctuid moths

Tunable rainbow light trapping in ultrathin resonator arrays

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 113-121页

作者： Katelyn Dixon Arthur o.Montazeri Moein Shayegannia Edward S.Barnard Stefano Cabrini Naomi Matsuura Hoi-Ying Holman Nazir P.Kherani Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Rd.BerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada

Rainbow light trapping in plasmonic devices allows for field enhancement of multiple wavelengths within a single ***,many of these devices lack precise control over spatial and spectral enhancement profiles and cannot provide extremely high localised field *** we present a versatile,analytical design paradigm for rainbow trapping in nanogroove arrays by utilising both the groove-width and groove-length as tuning *** couple this design technique with fabrication through multilayer thin-film deposition and focused ion beam milling,which enables the realisation of unprecedented feature sizes down to 5 nm and corresponding extreme normalised local field enhancements up to *** demonstrate rainbow trapping within the devices through hyperspectral microscopy and show agreement between the experimental results and *** combination of expeditious design and precise fabrication underpins the implementation of these nanogroove arrays for manifold applications in sensing and nanoscale optics.

关键词： rainbow trapping arrays

Bioactivity of Four Plant Extracts on Coleopterous Pests of Stored Cereals and Grain Legumes in Nigeria

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Zoological Research 2005年第3期26卷 243-249页

作者： Chris o. ADEDIRE Rotimi o. AKINKURoLERE Food Storage Technology Programme Department of Biology Federal University of Technology P. M. B. 704 Akure NigeriaFood Storage Technology Programme Department of Biology Federal University of Technology P. M. B. 704 Akure Nigeria

The efficacy of ethanol extracts from four plants, Dennettia tripetala Baker, Eugenia aromatica Baillon, Piper guineense Thonn et Schum and Anchomanes difformis P. Beauv. as bioinsecticides for control of adult Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius, oryzaephilus mercator Fauvel and Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius were determined at two concentrations (0.5% and 2.0%) in the laboratory. All extracts were toxic to beetles with E. aromatica being the most potent of four plant materials tested and had the least LT 50 value. This was followed by A. difformis extract. At 2.0% v/w extract concentration, percentage grain damage by insects in treated grains stored for 90 days was nil. Grains protected with A. difformis had the least percentage seedgerminationof62.50%***(74.58%)at2.0% extract concentration. The mean percentage germination in the control was 72.72%. Treatment of grains with plant extracts had no significant (P>0.05) effect on its water absorption capacity.

关键词： Coleopterous pest Plant extract LT 50 Seed viability