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Launch of the transdisciplinary health science journal hLife

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第1期6卷 1-2页

作者： Qun Yan kieran Gary Thow Editorial office of hLife Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

The launch ceremony of the health science journal hLife was held at the Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)on 15 November 2023.Nearly 100 guests attended the event,including the editors-in-chief of hLife and editorial board members,representatives from sister journals,regulatory agency leaders,and leaders of the Institute of Microbiology,CAs,and other related departments(Fig.1).

关键词： journal editorial sister

Change in Functional Status from Preoperative to one Year Postoperative in Patients Who Have Undergone Elective open-Heart Surgery: A Repeated-Measures Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 421-433页

作者： A. Kate MacPhedran David Barker Mark Marbey kieran Fogarty Physical Therapy Program Morosky College of Health Professions and Sciences Gannon University Erie PA USA Interdisciplinary Health Sciences PhD Program College of Health and Human Sciences Western Michigan University Kalamazoo MI USA organizational Learning and Leadership PhD Program College of Humanities Education and Social Sciences Gannon University Erie PA USA Cardiac Surgery Services AHN Saint Vincent Health Center Erie PA USA

Purpose: Although patient-related factors affect surgical outcomes, preoperative functional status is not measured by any cardiac risk score. Functional status can, however, be objectively measured using validated outcome tools such as the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). The purpose of this study was to determine 1) if there was a change over time in functional status, as measured by the LLFDI, in patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery, and if so, 2) what specific aspect(s) of functional status changed. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study of one year was conducted on elective cardiac surgery patients (n = 43) using the self-reported LLFDI, which measures Disability Frequency (frequency of participation in social tasks), Disability Limitation (ability to participate in social tasks) and Function Total (ease in performing routine activities). Higher scores indicate increased function and decreased disability. LLFDI scores were compared at three times (preoperative, six-week and one-year postoperative) using repeated measures ANoVA. Post hoc pairwise comparison was conducted for specific interactions. Results: Both Function Total and Disability Frequency significantly changed over time (p = 0.047 and p = 0.013, respectively). Specifically, patients’ function level was significantly higher one-year postoperative compared to preoperative (M difference = +3.48, SE = 1.48, p = 0.026). Likewise, Disability Frequency scores were significantly higher (i.e. more active) at one-year postoperative versus preoperative (M difference= +5.98, SE = 2.19, p = 0.033). Disability Limitation scores were not significantly different between any time points (p > 0.05). Conclusion: By one-year postoperative, patients demonstrated increased ease in their routine physical activities and were more participatory in social life tasks. Individuals who underwent elective cardiac surgery took more than six weeks to detect notable improvement in functional status, which was expected with a sternotomy approach.

关键词： Functional Status Elective Cardiac Surgery Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument

Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd o.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DoE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

Stability analysis of a time-delayed Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing oscillator in fractal space with a non-perturbative approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 22-31页

作者： Yusry o El-Dib Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt

The time-delayed fractal Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing(VPHD)oscillator is the subject of this paper,which explores its mechanisms and highlights its stability analysis.While time-delayed technologies are currently garnering significant attention,the focus of this research remains crucially relevant.A non-perturbative approach is employed to refine and set the stage for the system under scrutiny.The innovative methodologies introduced yield an equivalent linear differential equation,mirroring the inherent nonlinearities of the system.Notably,the incorporation of quadratic nonlinearity into the frequency formula represents a cutting-edge advancement.The analytical solution's validity is corroborated using a numerical approach.Stability conditions are ascertained through the residual Galerkin method.Intriguingly,it is observed that the delay parameter,in the context of the fractal system,reverses its stabilizing influence,impacting both the amplitude of delayed velocity and the position.The analytical solution's precision is underscored by its close alignment with numerical results.Furthermore,the study reveals that fractal characteristics emulate damping behaviors.Given its applicability across diverse nonlinear dynamical systems,this non-perturbative approach emerges as a promising avenue for future research.

关键词： Van der Pol-Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator fractal space time-delay non-perturbative approach stability analysis El-Dib's frequency formula

A synthetic microbial community used as a bioinoculant can overcome rice production constraints in acid soils

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1085-1086页

作者： Maureen o’Callaghan Shengjing Shi Resilient Agriculture Group AgResearchLincolnChristcurch 8140New Zealand

A customised synthetic microbial community(SynCom)composed of carefully selected rhizosphere-competent bacterial strains improved rice growth,yield and resistance to soil acidity and Al toxicity.

关键词： soil soils rhizosphere

Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel contribute to pyrethroid resistance in Panonychus citri

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 803-816页

作者： Deng Pan Qiu-Juan Luo Andrias o.o'Reilly Guo-Rui Yuan Jin-Jun Wang Wei Dou Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionAcademy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River(Ministry of Education) Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK

Insecticide resistance in Panonychus citri is a major obstacle to mite control in citrus orchards.Pyrethroid insecticides are continually used to control mites in China,although resistance to pyrethroids has evolved in some populations.Here,the resistance to the pyrethroid fenpropathrin was investigated and 7 out of 8 field-collected populations of P citri exhibited a high level of resistance,ranging from 171-fold to 15391-fold higher than the susceptible(SS)comparison strain.Three voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC)mutations were identified in the tested populations:L1031V,F1747L,and F17511.Amplicon sequencing was used to evaluate the frequency of these mutations in the 19 field populations.L1031V and F1751I were present in all populations at frequencies of 11.6%-82.1%and 0.5%-31.8%,respectively,whereas the F1747L mutation was only present in 12 populations from Chongqing,Sichuan,Guangxi,and Yunnan provinces.Introduction of these mutations singly or in combination into transgenic flies significantly increased their resistance to fenpropathrin and these flies also exhibited reduced mortality after exposure to the pyrethroids permethrin andβ-cypermethrin.Panonychus citri VGSC homology modeling and ligand docking indicate that F1747 and F1751 form direct binding contacts with pyrethroids,which are lost with mutation,whereas L1031 mutation may diminish pyrethroid effects through an allosteric mechanism.overall,the results provide molecular markers for monitoring pest resistance to pyrethroids and offer new insights into the basis of pyrethroid actions on sodium channels.

关键词： amplicon sequencing kdr mutation molecular docking Panonychus citri pyrethroid resistance transgenic flies

Harnessing the power of pericytes and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 to modulate stroke outcome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 473-474页

作者： omolara o.ogunshola Chih-Chieh Tsao Institute of Veterinary Physiology Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The human brain has exceedingly high metabolic demands.The cerebral vasculature has the critical task of providing sufficient blood supply to meet this demand.The sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain,as observed during ischemic stroke,results in acute neurological injury with devastating consequences-a high rate of adult disability and death.Ischemic stroke is thus a vascular disorder with a dramatic neurological impact.There is an urgent need for more effective disease management to combat stroke as current treatment paradigms,focusing on vascular recanalization and neuroprotection,have only limited clinical success.Since accumulating data suggests successful long-term neuroprotection is unlikely to be achievable without a functional microvascular network,strategies that reduce endothelial dysfunction could be indispensable.Encouragingly,very recent evidence highlighted herein suggests protecting the humble pericyte may be a new approach to reaching this goal.

关键词： consequences exceeding herein

Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.o'Dell Charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

optimizing artificial intelligence in sepsis management: opportunities in the present and looking closely to the future

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 34-45页

作者： Darragh o’Reilly Jennifer McGrath Ignacio Martin-Loeches Department of Intensive Care Medicine Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization(MICRO)St James’HospitalDublinIreland Department of Respiratory Intensive care Hospital ClinicUniversitat de BarcelonaIDIBAPSCIBERESBarcelonaSpain

Sepsis remains a major challenge internationally for healthcare systems.Its incidence is rising due to poor public awareness and delays in its recognition and subsequent management.In sepsis,mortality increases with every hour left untreated.Artificial intelligence(AI)is transforming worldwide healthcare delivery at present.This review has outlined how AI can augment strategies to address this global disease burden.AI and machine learning(ML)algorithms can analyze vast quantities of increasingly complex clinical datasets from electronic medical records to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating sepsis earlier than traditional methods.our review highlights how these models can predict the risk of sepsis and organ failure even before it occurs.This gives providers additional time to plan and execute treatment plans,thereby avoiding increasing complications associated with delayed diagnosis of sepsis.The potential for cost savings with AI implementation is also discussed,including improving workflow efficiencies,reducing administrative costs,and improving healthcare outcomes.Despite these advantages,clinicians have been slow to adopt AI into clinical practice.Some of the limitations posed by AI solutions include the lack of diverse data sets for model building so that they are widely applicable for routine clinical use.Furthermore,the subsequent algorithms are often based on complex mathematics leading to clinician hesitancy to embrace such technologies.Finally,we highlight the need for robust political and regulatory frameworks in this area to achieve the trust and approval of clinicians and patients to implement this transformational technology。

关键词： Artificial intelligence Data science Machine learning Intensive care unit(ICU) Critical care Sepsis