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Discrimination and ejection of eggs and nestlings by the fan-tailed gerygone from New Caledonia

Current Zoology 2021年第6期67卷 653-663页

作者： Alfredo ATTISANO nozomu j.sato Keita D.TANAKA Yuji OKAHISA Keisuke UEDA Roman GULA jörn THEUERKAUF Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland japan Bird Research Association TokyoJapan Department of Life Sciences Rikkyo UniversityTokyoJapan

Nestling rejection is a rare type of host defense against brood parasitism compared with egg ***,host defenses at both egg and nestling stages could be based on similar underlying discrimination mechanisms but,due to the rarity of nestling rejector hosts,few studies have actually tested this *** investigated egg and nestling discrimination by the fan-tailed gerygone Gerygone flavolateralis,a host that seemingly accepts nonmimetic eggs of its parasite,the shining bronze-cuckoo Chalcites lucidus,but ejects mimetic parasite *** introduced artificial eggs or nestlings and foreign gerygone nestlings in gerygone nests and compared begging calls of parasite and host *** found that the gerygone ejected artificial eggs only if their size was smaller than the parasite or host *** of artificial nestlings did not depend on whether their color matched that of the *** frequency of ejection increased during the course of the breeding season mirroring the increase in ejection frequency of parasite nestlings by the ***-fostered gerygone nestlings were frequently ejected when lacking natal down and when introduced in the nest before hatching of the foster brood,but only occasionally when they did not match the color of the foster *** calls differed significantly between parasite and host nestlings throughout the nestling *** results suggest that the fan-tailed gerygone accepts eggs within the size range of gerygone and cuckoo eggs and that nestling discrimination is based on auditory and visual cues other than skin *** highlights the importance of using a combined approach to study discrimination mechanisms of hosts.

关键词： begging calls brood parasitism co-evolutionary arms race egg discrimination nestling discrimination nestling polymorphism

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Erratum to:Discrimination and ejection of eggs and nestlings by the fan-tailed gerygone from New Caledonia

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Current Zoology 2021年第6期67卷 695-695页

When the pdf version of this paper first published,there were a number of errors in the reference list:accented letters were displaying incorrectly,leading to errors in author names throughout the *** has now been cor... 详细信息

关键词： online letters throughout

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Effects of elafibranor on liver fibrosis and gut barrier function in a mouse model of alcohol-associated liver disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3428-3446页

作者： Aritoshi Koizumi Kosuke Kaji Norihisa Nishimura Shohei Asada Takuya Matsuda Misako Tanaka Nobuyuki Yorioka Yuki Tsuji Koh Kitagawa Shinya sato Tadashi Namisaki Takemi Akahane Hitoshi Yoshiji Department of Gastroenterology Nara Medical UniversityKashihara 634-8521Japan

BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality,but there are no therapeutic targets and modalities to prevent ALD-related liver *** proliferator activated receptor(PPAR)α and δ play a key role in lipid metabolism and intestinal barrier homeostasis,which are major contributors to the pathological progression of ***,elafibranor(EFN),which is a dual PPARαand PPARδagonist,has reached a phase III clinical trial for the treatment of metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease and primary biliary ***,the benefits of EFN for ALD treatment is *** To evaluate the inhibitory effects of EFN on liver fibrosis and gut-intestinal barrier dysfunction in an ALD mouse *** ALD-related liver fibrosis was induced in female C57BL/6j mice by feeding a 2.5% ethanol(EtOH)-containing Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet and intraperitoneally injecting carbon tetrachloride thrice weekly(1 mL/kg)for 8 ***(3 and 10 mg/kg/day)was orally administered during the experimental *** and molecular analyses were performed to assess the effect of EFN on steatohepatitis,fibrosis,and intestinal barrier *** EFN effects on HepG2 lipotoxicity and Caco-2 barrier function were evaluated by cell-based *** The hepatic steatosis,apoptosis,and fibrosis in the ALD mice model were significantly attenuated by EFN *** promoted lipolysis and β-oxidation and enhanced autophagic and antioxidant capacities in EtOH-stimulated HepG2 cells,primarily through PPARα***,EFN inhibited the Kupffer cell-mediated inflammatory response,with blunted hepatic exposure to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and toll like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)*** improved intestinal hyperpermeability by restoring tight junction proteins and autophagy and by inhibiting apoptosis and proinflammatory *** protective effect on intestinal bar

关键词： Liver fibrosis Ethanol Gut barrier function Apoptosis Autophagy Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor

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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark j.Taylor julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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INTRASPINAL CONNECTIONS OF DORSAL COLUMN POSTSYNAPTIC NEURONS IN THE CAT——A PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第9期28卷 972-978页

作者：吕国蔚,GARY j.BENNETT,nozomu NISHIKAWA,MARVIN j.HOFFERT,RONALD DUBNER Department of Neurophysiology Beijing Second Medical College China Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National Institute of Dental Research National Institutes of Health USA Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National Institute of Dental Research National Institutes of Health USA Department of Anesthesiology Shiga University of Medical Seience Shiga japan Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National Institute of Dental Research National Institutes of Health USA Department of Neurology Univeraity of Wisenonsin Medieal School Madison Wisconsin 53792 U.S.A Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch National Institute of Dental Research National Institutes of Health USA

Dorsal column postsynaptic (DCPS) neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord have been identified by antidromic stimulation and intracellularly recorded in anesthetized cats. In about one-half of the cells, the antidromic stimulus evokes only an antidromic potential. This potential sometimes has an atypical shape due to penetration-induced depolarization. Atypieal potentials arc converted into typical antidromic spike potentials after intracellular injection of hyperpolarizing current. In the other one-half, the antidromic potentials are followed by postsynaptic activity. Intracellular analysis indicates that this postsynaptic activity is generated largely by activation of the intraspinal collaterals of A-beta primary afferents that are ascending the dorsal columns. Part of this postsynaptic activity has been produced monosynaptically. Polysynaptic responses are also evident; these are thought to be initiated by A-beta axons, desending axons from neurons in the dorsal column nuclei, or the local coll

关键词： A PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

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Design of Intersample Response in a Hard Disk Control System

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journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2012年第7期2卷 405-410页

作者： Takao sato Yoshiki Hattori nozomu Araki Yasuo Konishi Graduate School of Engineering University of Hyogo Himeji 671-2201 Japan

The present paper discusses a design method for the head position in a Hard Disk Drive （HDD） control system. In the HDD control system, the sampling interval of the head position is constrained because of the hardware specifications, but the hold interval of the control input is not constrained. In the present study, a multirate control system is designed, in which the sampling and the hold intervals are not equal. A multirate control law, which stabilizes a closed-loop system, is extended using newly introduced parameters such that the sample response of the plant output is maintained. Furthermore, intersample ripples in the steady state are eliminated using the new design parameters, which can be selected independently of the sample response. As a result, the intersample response can be improved independently of the sample response. The proposed method is applied to a benchmark problem of an HDD system, and its effectiveness is demonstrated.

关键词： Multirate control system single-rate control system hard disk drive state-space representation intersample response sample response pole assignment.

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Portal vein ligation accelerates tumor growth in ligated,but not contralateral lobes

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3816-3826页

作者： nozomu Sakai Callisia N Clarke Rebecca Schuster john Blanchard Amit D Tevar Michael j Edwards Alex B Lentsch Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati231 Albert Sabin WayCincinnatiOH 45267-0558United States

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of liver growth and atrophy after portal vein ligation (PVL) and its effects on tumor growth. METHODS: Mice were subjected to PVL, partial hepatectomy, or sham surgery. The morphological alterations, activation of transcription factors, and expression of cytokines and growth factors involved in liver regeneration were evaluated. In a separate set of experiments, murine colorectal carcinoma cells were injected via the portal vein and the effect of each operation on liver tumor growth was studied. RESULTS: Liver regeneration after PVL and partial hepatectomy were very similar. In ligated lobes, various cytokines, transcription factors and regulatory factors were signifi cantly upregulated compared to nonligated lobes after PVL. Atrophy in ligated lobes was a result of early necrosis followed by later apoptosis. Tumor growth was signifi cantly accelerated in ligated compared to non-ligated ***: Tumor growth was accelerated in ligated liver lobes and appeared to be a result of increased growth factor expression.

关键词： Portal vein ligation Tumor growth Growth factor Atrophy Apoptosis

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Design of Weigh Feeder Control System for Energy Saving Using Performance-Adaptive Method

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journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2012年第1期2卷 1-8页

作者： Takao sato Shohei Kitano Toru Yamamoto nozomu Araki Yasuo Konishi Graduate School of Engineering University of Hyogo Himeji 671-2201 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan

This paper discusses a design method for the control system of a weigh feeder that supplies powder and granular material at a constant rate. Most weigh feeders employed in industry are controlled by proportional and integral （PI） compensation, and the control performance is decided by the selection of parameters. To attain advanced control performance by PI control, the PI parameters are designed on the basis of generalized minimum variance control （GMVC）. In this study, to achieve user-specified control performance by GMVC-based PI control, the design parameters of GMVC are automatically adjusted using a performance-adaptive method. The control performance discussed in this study consists of the variance of the control error and that of the difference in the control input. In a conventional performance-adaptive method, the variance of the control error is reduced. In this study, to reduce energy consumption and to achieve user-specified control performance, the variance of the difference in the control input is specified and the design parameter is determined. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the proposed method is applied to an actual weigh feeder.

关键词： Weigh feeder performance-adaptive PI (proportional and integral) control generalized minimum variance control energy saving.

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Can Traditional Breathing Methods Reduce Stress?

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Health 2020年第8期12卷 923-931页

作者： Tateyuki Morisawa Mayumi Watanabe Hidetoshi Mori Kazushi Nishijo Kazuhide Tomita Kenta Kawamura jun sato nozomu Mandai Information Science Center for Humanities and Sciences School of Health Sciences Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Health Sciences National University Corporation Tsukuba University of Technology Ibaraki Japan Department of Physical Therapy Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Ibaraki Japan

Purpose: Traditional medicines have unique breathing methods and they are widely believed that they are good for health promotion and good for relax. However, there is little evidence. The purpose of this study is to discuss if such specific breathings could effectively reduce stress and be able to help to reach a relaxed state in the body as well as in the mind. To objectively understand the state of stress/relax, we assessed the condition of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) as well as heart rate (HR) and body temperature (BT), which instantly reflect ANS. Methods: Fourteen healthy male volunteers participated in this study and we investigated four kinds of breathing with them: Natural breathing (Control), Abdominal Pressure breathing (Pressure), Abdominal breathing (Abdominal) and Reverse Abdominal breathing (Reverse). Results: Only Control group showed increase of HF/decrease of HR, showing increase parasympathetic nervous system, which indicates the condition of relax. On the hand, all experimental groups of unique breathings showed increase of sympathetic nervous system, meaning stress. Discussion: Our hypothesis was that traditional breathing methods would decrease stress, however, our results were the total opposite to it. This reason might be found: 1) our subjects might be too young and naive, 2) they did not have enough training or experience, and 3) enough and appropriate duration of breathings was needed. Therefore, we consider that appropriate program and enough training time to use to specific breathing are needed to obtain the effects of traditional breathing.

关键词： Breathing Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Body Temperature (BT) Stress Heart Rate (HR)

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Relationship between the Career Selection Process and Happiness among japanese School Teachers, Office Workers, and Nurses

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Health 2022年第2期14卷 236-245页

作者： nozomu Mandai jun sato Mayumi Watanabe Aki Ibe Simon R. Downes Hiroyuki Umiyama Atsuko Uchinuno Faculty of Nursing Science Tsuruga Nursing University Tsuruga Japan Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Ibaraki Japan Kansai University of Health Sciences Osaka Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Chuo University Tokyo Japan Avalon University School of Medicine Willemstad Cura&#231 ao

Background: Happiness varies across the life course in a U shape, with the least happiness in mid-life during the working years. Therefore, choosing a career may be an important factor in life’s happiness. However, the relationship between the career selection process and happiness remains unclear. Methods: We surveyed 805 schoolteachers, office workers, and nurses from an available marketing database using an ad hoc questionnaire assessing happiness and career selection type. Results and Discussion: We found that happiness was significantly greater among schoolteachers and nurses than for office workers in japan. Furthermore, among schoolteachers and office workers, an evasive/avoidance type of career-selection process had an unfavorable effect on happiness. However, among nurses, no such association was observed. Conclusion: Paying attention to the career-selection process may be helpful to improve happiness.

关键词： Happiness Career Selection Nursing Teaching Survey

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