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Vascular traum.： selected historical reflections from.the western world

Chinese Journal of Traum.tology 2011年第2期14卷 67-73页

作者： norman m. rich Patricia L. m.Kay David R. Welling Todd E. Rasm.ssen norman m. rich Departm.nt of Surgery F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda MD 20814 USA norman m. rich Departm.nt of Surgery Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda MD 20814 USA Division of General Surgery Norman M. Rich Department of Surgery Uniformed Services University Bethesda MD 20814 USA US Arm. Institute of Surgical Research Fort Sam Houston Texas 78230 USA

In the spirit of international exchanges of knowledge with colleagues from.all over the world, who are interested in the care and treatm.nt of vascular traum., we offer selected historical reflections from.the western world on vascular traum.. Whereas there are a num.er of key individuals and a variety of events that are im.ortant to us in our writing, we know essentially nothing about what is written by other cultures and, particularly, the Chinese. It is well recognized around the world that Chinese surgeons are am.ng the first to be highly successful in re-plantation of severed extrem.ties, repairing both injured arteries and veins. Also, we recognize that there are contributions in other parts of the world, which are not well known to us collectively. Contributions from.the Arabic speaking part of the world com. to m.nd because there is periodic brief reference. We offer our perspective hoping that there will be one or m.re Chinese surgeons who will offer us the benefit of sharing their perspective on im.ortant historical contribu- tions to the m.naging of vascular traum. outside of the western world, and, particularly, the English speaking literature. Once again, we encourage our colleagues in the Arabic speaking world to provide us with their perspective of the developm.nt and m.nagem.nt of vascular traum..

关键词： Vascular system.injuries History Western world International educational exchange

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Dehydration Kinetics of Em.ryonic Axes from.Desiccation-sensitive Seeds:An Assessm.nt of Descriptive m.dels

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第11期51卷 1002-1007页

作者： Tobias m. Ntuli norman W. Pam.enter School of Biological and Conservation Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus

The response of desiccation-sensitive plant tissues to dehydration is significantly affected by dehydration conditions, particularly the rate of drying. Consequently it is im.ortant to be able to quantify drying rate. The aim.of the study was to assess two m.dels that have been proposed to describe drying kinetics, and thus to provide a quantification of non-linear drying rates, of em.ryonic axes excised from.recalcitrant seeds. These m.dels are an exponential drying tim. course, and a m.dified inverse relationship, respectively. For the six species investigated here the inverse function was generally found to fit drying data better than the exponential function under both rapid and slow drying conditions, and so is recom.ended. The rate of drying, under the conditions used here, was determ.ned by axis size and possibly the nature of the axis outer coverings, rather than the water activity difference between the tissue and surrounding air.

关键词： desiccation drying rate recalcitrant seeds.

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Inelastic Cotunneling Current and Shot Noise of an Interacting Quantum.Dot with Ferrom.gnetic Correlations

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2007年第12期48卷 1099-1106页

作者： norman J.m.Horing Departm.nt of Physics and Engineering Physics Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNew Jersey 07030USA

We explore inelastic cotunneling through a strongly Coulom.-blockaded quantum.dot attached to twoferrom.gnetic leads in the weak coupling lim.t using a generic quantum.Langevin equation *** first developa B1och-type equation m.croscopically to describe the cotunneling-induced spin relaxation dynam.cs,and then developexplicit analytical expressions for the local m.gnetization,current,and its *** this basis,we predict a novelzero-bias anom.ly of the differential conductance in the absence of a m.gnetic field for the anti-parallel configuration,and asym.etric peak splitting in a m.gnetic ***,for the sam. system.with large polarization,we find a negativezero-frequency differential shot noise in the low positive bias-voltage region. All these effects are ascribed to rapidspin-reversal due to underlying spin-flip cotunneling.

关键词： quantum.dot spin polarized tunneling cotunneling

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Search for m.croglia-specific peptides:advances in the discovery toolbox

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 471-472页

作者： Ivan Sarabia Kyle m.Koss Departm.nt of Surgery University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Uncontrolled and chronic inflam.atory states in the central nervous system.CNS)are the hallm.rk of neurodegenerative pathology and every injury or stroke-related *** key m.diators of these neuroinflam.atory states are glial cells known as m.croglia,the resident im.une cell at the core of the inflam.atory event,and astroglia,which encapsulate inflam.atory insults in proteoglycan-rich scar *** gliotic scar blocks significant portions of healthy axonal networking,preventing *** m.st neuroinflam.ation is exclusively based on the responses of said m.croglia,their phenotypes are suggested to follow those of m.crophages;m. and m. are opposites of pro-and ***,m.croglial phenotypes have been identified to be on an inflam.atory spectrum.encom.assing developm.ntal,hom.ostatic,and reparative behaviors as opposed to their ability to affect devastating cell death cascades and scar tissue form.tion.

关键词： inflam.ation pathology death

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A national longitudinal cohort study of factors contributing to UK m.dical students’m.ntal ill-health sym.tom.

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General Psychiatry 2023年第2期36卷 92-105页

作者： Asta m.disauskaite m.lou E W m.Silkens Antonia rich m.dical School UCLLondonUK Departm.nt of Health Services Research and m.nagem.nt City University of LondonLondonUK

Background The m.ntal health of current m.dical students is predictive of their m.ntal health as future *** prevalence of anxiety,depression and burnout is high am.ng m.dical students,but less is known about the occurrence of other m.ntal ill-health sym.tom.,such as eating or personality disorders,and factors contributing to m.ntal ***(1)To explore the prevalence of various m.ntal ill-health sym.tom. in m.dical students and(2)to investigate what m.dical school factors and students’attitudes contribute to these m.ntal ill-health *** Between Novem.er 2020 and m.y 2021,m.dical students from.nine geographically spread m.dical schools in the UK participated by com.leting online questionnaires at two points in tim.,approxim.tely 3 m.nths *** Of the 792 participants who filled in the questionnaire at baseline,over half experienced m.dium.to high som.tic sym.tom.(50.8%;402)and drank alcohol at hazardous levels(62.4%;494).Adjusted longitudinal data analysis of 407 students who com.leted the follow-up questionnaire dem.nstrated that less supportive educational clim.tes that were m.re com.etitive and less centralised around the students,lower feelings of belongingness,greater stigm. towards m.ntal ill-health and lower intentions to seek help for m.ntal ill-health,all contributed to students’m.ntal ill-health *** m.dical students experience a high prevalence of various m.ntal ill-health *** study suggests that m.dical school factors and students’attitudes towards m.ntal ill-health are significantly associated with students’m.ntal health.

关键词： filled doctor com.etitive

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Accuracy assessm.nt of real-tim. kinem.tics(RTK)m.asurem.nts on unm.nned aerial vehicles(UAV)for direct geo-referencing

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Geo-Spatial Inform.tion Science 2020年第2期23卷 165-181页

作者： Desta Ekaso Francesco Nex norman Kerle Departm.nt of Earth System. Analysis ITC-Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of TwenteEnschedeThe NetherlandsDepartment of Earth Systems AnalysisITC-Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of TwenteEnschedeThe NetherlandsDepartment of Earth Systems AnalysisITC-Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands

Geospatial inform.tion acquired with Unm.nned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)provides valuable decision-m.king support in m.ny different dom.ins,and technological advances coincide with a dem.nd for ever m.re sophisticated data *** consequence is a research and developm.nt focus on m.re accurately referenced im.ges and derivatives,which has long been a weakness especially of low to m.dium.cost UAV system. equipped with relatively inexpensive inertial m.asurem.nt unit(Im.)and Global Navigation Satellite System.GNSS)*** research evaluates the positional accuracy of the real-tim. kinem.tics(RTK)GNSS on the DJI m.trice 600 Pro,one of the first available and widely used UAVs with potentially surveying-grade *** a very high positional accuracy of the drone itself of 2 to 3 cm.is claim.d by DJI,the actual accuracy of the drone RTK for positioning the im.ges and for using it for m.pping purposes without additional ground control is not *** begin with,the actual GNSS RTK position of reference center(the physical point on the antenna)on the drone is not indicated,and uncertainty regarding this also exists am.ng the professional user *** this study the reference center was determ.ned through a set of experim.nts using the dual frequency static Leica GNSS with RTK *** RTK positioning data from.the drone were then used for direct georeferencing,and its results were *** flights were carried out over a 70 x 70 m.area with an altitude of 40 m.above the ground,with a ground sam.ling distance of 1.3 *** against ground control points,the planim.tric accuracy of direct georeferencing for the photogram.etric product ranged between 30 and 60 *** of direct georeferencing results showed a tim. delay of up to 0.28 seconds between the drone GNSS RTK and cam.ra im.ge acquisition affecting direct georeferencing results.

关键词： UAV GNSS RTK direct georeferencing aerial triangulation lever arm offset

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Review of rem.te sensing and geospatial technologies in estim.ting rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) quality

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 266-274页

作者： m.sayu norman Helm. Z.m.Shafri Shattri B.m.nsor Badronnisa Yusuf Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia(UPM)43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Geospatial Inform.tion Science Research Centre(GISRC) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia(UPM)43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Centre of Studies for Surveying Science&Geom.tics Faculty of ArchitecturePlanning&SurveyingUniversiti Teknologi MARA(Perlis)02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) system. can provide low-cost decentralized water to urban and rural households that have no access to treated *** system. are considered the key strategic adoption m.asures for com.unities affected by clim.te *** m.terials,roofing conditions,roofing geom.try,weather conditions,and land use/land cover (LULC) conditions can significantly affect the quality of ***,the effects of these factors on RRWH quality m.st be analyzed *** sensing and Geographical Inform.tion System.(GIS) have been widely used in urban environm.ntal ***,these technologies have never been used to analyze,m.p,and m.del the effect of various factors on RRWH *** review determ.nes the research gaps in the use of geospatial technologies in estim.ting RRWH quality and sim.late the im.lications of roofing m.terials and roofing surface conditions towards the urban *** approach for the integrated use of rem.te sensing and GIS to assess the quality of RRWH is also proposed.

关键词： Roofing m.terials Roofing conditions Spatial m.deling Environm.ntal im.act Rem.te sensing GIS

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Sm.ll-scale convection beneath oceans and continents

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Science Bulletin 2011年第13期56卷 1292-1320页

作者： SLEEP norman H. Departm.nt of Geophysics Stanford University

Sm.ll-scale convection supplies heat flow of ～17 m. m.2 to the base of stable continents where xenolith studies resolve the ***,effects of sm.ll-scale convection are difficult to resolve in ocean *** first pass,m.st seafloor appears to subside to an asym.tote com.atible with ～40 m. m.2 convective heat *** com.on regions are tracked by hotspots so uplift associated with ponded m.ntle m.terial is an attractive *** seafloor in the North and South Atlantic continues to subside with the square root of age as expected from.pure *** theory of stagnant-lid convection provides good scaling relationships for heat *** linear viscosity,heat flow is proportional to the underlying "half-space" viscosity to the 1/3 power and the tem.erature to change viscosity by a factor of e to the 4/3 *** form.lism.is easily m.dified to represent convection beneath a lid of highly viscous and buoyant cratonal lithosphere and to represent transient convection beneath thickening oceanic *** m.ntle with linear,strongly tem.erature-dependent,and weakly depth-dependent viscosity is com.atible with both oceanic and continental *** com.licated rheology m.y allow vigorous sm.ll-scale convection under m.st but not all old ocean *** viable hypotheses require poorly understood global features,including lateral variations of asthenospheric *** studies have the potential to resolve the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary,including local variations of its depth associated with sm.ll-scale convection.

关键词： lithosphere asthenosphere ocean depth-age sm.ll-scale convection craton m.ntle plum.

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Increased Drying Rate Lowers the Critical Water Content for Survival in Em.ryonic Axes of English Oak (Quercus robur L.) Seeds

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第4期53卷 270-280页

作者： Tobias m.Ntuli William.E.Finch-Savage Patricia Berjak norman W.Pam.enter Plant Germ.lasm.Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Departm.nt of Life and Consum.r Sciences University of South AfricaPrivate Bag X6Florida 1710JohannesburgSouth Africa Warwick HRI Warwick UniversityWellesbourneWarwick CV35 9EFUK Plant Germ.lasm.Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville

The potential to cryopreserve em.ryonic axes of desiccation-sensitive（recalcitrant） seeds is lim.ted by dam.ge during the desiccation necessary for low tem.erature survival,but the basis of this injury and how to reduce it is not well *** effects of drying rate on the viability,respiratory m.tabolism.and free radical-m.diated processes were therefore investigated during dehydration of Quercus robur L em.ryonic ***,assessed by evidence of germ.nation and tetrazolium.staining,showed a sharp decline at 0.27 and 0.8 g/g during rapid（〈12 h） or slow（3d） dehydration,*** dehydration therefore lowered the critical water content for *** any given water content rapid dehydration was associated with higher activities of the free radical processing enzym.s,superoxide dism.tase,catalase and glutathione reductase and lower levels of hydroperoxide and m.m.rane *** dehydration was also associated with lower m.late dehydrogenase activity,and a reduced decline in phosphofructokinase activity and in levels of the oxidized form.of nicotinam.de *** m.y have contributed to increased dam.ge during slow dehydration,since viability declined even in hydrated storage after 3 *** results presented are consistent with rapid dehydration reducing the accum.lation of dam.ge resulting from.desiccation induced aqueous-based deleterious reactions.

关键词： Quercus robur L Seeds Figure NADH

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Effect of Oxide Inclusions on Electrochem.cal Properties of Alum.nium.Sacrificial Anodes

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2009年第1期25卷 95-101页

作者： m. Em.m. A. Keyvani m. m.hta J. Cam.bell School of m.tallurgy and m.terials University of Tehran Tehran Iran Departm.nt of m.tallurgy and m.terials University of Birmingham B15 2TT UK

Oxide film. are incorporated into m.lts by an entrainm.nt process, and are expected to be present in m.st m.tals, but particularly cast Al alloys. The oxides are necessarily present as folded-over double film. （bifilm.） that are effectively cracks. Their effect on the electrochem.cal behaviour of cast Al-SZn-0.021n sacrificial anodes was studied in 3 wt pct sodium.chloride solution using the NACE efficiency evaluation. Three m.thods were em.loyed to entrain progressive am.unts of oxide in the alloy, including the addition of Al-Zn-ln m.ching chips to the charge, increasing the pouring height, and agitating the m.lt. The introduction of oxide bifilm. in the cast alloy resulted in the deterioration of the electrochem.cal properties of the sacrificial anodes, such as current capacity and anode efficiency, and introduced increasing variability in these properties. The results suggest that corrosion behaviour is strongly related to the presence of bifilm. suspended in the liquid alloy because bifilm. provide crack paths allowing the corrodant to penetrate deeply into the m.tal m.trix, and sim.ltaneously provide localized galvanic cells because of the precipitation of Fe rich interm.tallic com.ounds on their outer surfaces.

关键词： Alum.nium Sacrificial anode Efficiency Entrainm.nt Bifilm

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