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melt Extrusion of Environmentally Friendly poly(L-lactic acid)/Sodium metabisulfite Films for Antimicrobial packaging Applications

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Journal of Renewable materials 2021年第2期9卷 337-349页

作者： norma m.p.machado Gustavo C.melo matheus F.Camargo Giulianna G.Feijó Bruna m.S.putton Clarice Steffens Rogerio L.Cansian Luiz A.pessan Francys K.V.moreira Department of materials Engineering Federal University of São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil Department of Food Engineering Regional Integrated University of High Uruguay and Missions(URI)ErechimBrazil

Food packaging materials compounded with antimicrobial additives can substantially diminish the incidence of foodborne ***,poly(L-lactic acid)(pLA)films containing sodium metabisulfite(Nam)were produced by melt extrusion as an attempt to develop a new biodegradable material with antimicrobial properties for *** cycle assessment(LCA)simulations revealed that the environmental footprints of the pLA film did not change upon Nam addition,and that Nam is more eco-friendly than silver *** pLA/Nam films with Nam content varying from 0.5 to 5.0 wt.%were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and optical and mechanical properties *** optical properties were sustained after the addition of Nam,but high Nam contents degraded the light transparence of the pLA matrix at some *** thermal stability and tensile properties of the pLA film decreased proportionally to the Nam content,while no changes were observed on Tg,Tm and Xc,as determined by *** diffusion tests revealed that the pLA/Nam films had no antimicrobial activity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 35°C,which was related to the limited migration of Nam from the glassy pLA *** biodegradable pLA films compounded with Nam through melt extrusion display adequate optical,thermal,and mechanical properties to cover most food packaging applications,representing an essential step toward the development of eco-friendly packaging materials that can potentially exhibit an antimicrobially active surface.

关键词： Biobased packaging antimicrobial activity life cycle assessment

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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios manuel J.macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAm) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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Infrared-active phonons in one-dimensional materials and their spectroscopic signatures

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 331-337页

作者： norma Rivano Nicola marzari Thibault Sohier Theory and Simulations of materials(THEOS) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel materials(mARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Laboratory for materials Simulations Paul Scherrer Institut5232 Villigen PSISwitzerland Laboratoire Charles Coulomb(L2C) Universitéde MontpellierCNRSMontpellierFrance

Dimensionality provides a clear fingerprint on the dispersion of infrared-active,polar-optical *** these phonons,the local dipoles parametrized by the Born effective charges drive the LO-TO splitting of bulk materials;this splitting actually breaks down in two-dimensional ***,we develop the theory for one-dimensional(1D)systems—nanowires,nanotubes,and atomic and polymeric *** an analytical model with the implementation of density-functional perturbation theory in 1D boundary conditions,we show that the dielectric splitting in the dispersion relations collapses as x^(2) log(x)at the zone *** dielectric properties and the radius of the 1D materials are linked by the present work to these red shifts,opening infrared and Raman characterization avenues.

关键词： dimensional splitting dielectric

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protective action of glutamine in rats with severe acute liver failure

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第3期11卷 273-286页

作者： Elizangela G Schemitt Renata m Hartmann Josieli R Colares Francielli Licks Jéferson O Salvi Cláudio A marroni norma p marroni Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Universidade Luterana do Brasil

BACKGROUND Severe acute liver failure(SALF) is a rare, but high-mortality, rapidly evolving syndrome that leads to hepatocyte degeneration with impaired liver ***(TAA) is a known xenobiotic, which promotes the increase of the formation of reactive oxygen species. Erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) activates the antioxidant protection of cells. Studies have evidenced the involvement of inflammatory mediators in conditions of oxidative *** To evaluate the antioxidant effects of glutamine on Nrf2 activation and NFκBmediated inflammation in rats with TAA-induced *** male Wistar rats(n = 28) were divided into four groups: control,control+glutamine, TAA, and TAA + glutamine. Two TAA doses(400 mg/kg)were administered intraperitoneally, 8 h apart. Glutamine(25 mg/kg) was administered at 30 min, 24 h, and 36 h. At 48 h, blood was collected for liver integrity analysis [aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and alkaline phosphatase(ALp)]. The liver was harvested for histology and assessment of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(Gpx), glutathione S-transferase(GST), glutathione(GSH), Nrf2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1),NADpH quinone oxidoreductase1(NQO1), superoxide dismutase(SOD)] and inflammatory *** TAA caused disruption of the hepatic parenchyma, with inflammatoryinfiltration, massive necrosis, and ballooning degeneration. Glutamine mitigated this tissue damage, with visible regeneration of hepatic parenchyma; decreased TBARS(p p p patic tissue; and decreased blood levels of AST, ALT, and ALp(p px, and GST activities were restored in the glutamine group(pp p pectively vs TAA alone). Glutamine increased expression of Nrf2(p p p <0.001), while decr

关键词： Thioacetamide Cytokines Oxidative stress Inflammation Liver failure Chemical and drug induced liver injury Glutamine

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melatonin prevents oxidative stress,inflammatory activity,and DNA damage in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第3期28卷 348-364页

作者： Josieli R Colares Renata m Hartmann Elizângela G Schemitt Sandielly R B Fonseca marilda S Brasil Jaqueline N picada Alexandre S Dias Aline F Bueno Cláudio A marroni norma p marroni medical Sciences program Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Marilda S BrasilNorma Biological Sciences program Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Cellular and molecular Biology program Lutheran University of Brazil(ULBRA)Canoas 92425-900Brazil pneumological Sciences program Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil posgraduate program in Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is an important health problem characterized by a significant change in liver *** animals,this can be reproduced by an experimental model of bile duct ligation(BDL).melatonin(mLT)is a physiological hormone synthesized from serotonin that has been studied for its beneficial properties,including its antioxidant *** To evaluate mLT’s effects on oxidative stress,the inflammatory process,and DNA damage in an experimental model of secondary biliary *** male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:Control(CO),CO+mLT,BDL,and BDL+*** was administered(20 mg/kg)daily beginning on day 15 after biliary *** day 29 the animals were *** samples,liver tissue,and bone marrow were collected for further *** BDL caused changes in biochemical and histological parameters and markers of inflammatory *** acid(0.46±0.01)reactive substance levels,superoxide dismutase activity(2.30±0.07)and nitric oxide levels(2.48±0.36)were significantly lower(pps that received *** damage was also lower(pmLT-treated groups(171.6±32.9)than the BDL-only group(295.5±34.8).Tissue damage and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B,interleukin-1β,Nrf2,NQO1 and Hsp70 were significantly lower in animals treated with mLT(pministered to rats with BDL-induced secondary biliary cirrhosis,mLT effectively restored the evaluated parameters.

关键词： Antioxidants Secondary biliary cirrhosis Oxidative stress melatonin Bile duct ligation

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An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole-baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 873-880页

作者： marcelo H.S.paiva Rosangela m.R.Barbosa Suzane A.Santos norma m.Silva marcia B.paula Constancia F.J.Ayres Walter S.Leal Depariamento de Entomologia Instituto Aggeu MagalhaesFundagao Oswaldo CruzAv. Professor Moraes RegoRecifePEBrazil CentroAcademicodoAgreste Universidade Federalde pernambuco CaruaruPEBrazil Departamentode Biologia Celular Embriologia e GeneticaCentro de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisSC.Brazil Faculdade de Saude pCiblica Departamento de Epidemiologia Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil Department of molecular and Cellular Biology University of California-DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA

Culex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In Recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sitio dos pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole-baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sitio dos pintos. Results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in Recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sitio dos pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.

关键词： Culex quinquefasciatus Culex nigripalpus dengue oviposition attractant skatole West Nile virus Zika

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The Explanation for the Origin of the Higgs Scalar and for the Yukawa Couplings by the Spin-Charge-Family Theory

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Journal of modern physics 2015年第15期6卷 2244-2274页

作者： norma Susana mankoc Borstnik Department of physics FMFUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

The spin-charge-family theory is a kind of the Kaluza-Klein theories, but with two kinds of the spin connection fields, which are the gauge fields of the two kinds of spins. The SO(13,1) representation of one kind of spins manifests in d = (3 + 1) all the properties of family members as assumed by the standard model;the second kind of spins explains the appearance of families. The gauge fields of the first kind, carrying the space index m = (0,...,3), manifest in d = (3 + 1) all the vector gauge fields assumed by the standard model. The gauge fields of both kinds of spins, which carry the space index (7, 8) gaining at the electroweak break nonzero vacuum expectation values, manifest in d = (3 + 1) as scalar fields with the properties of the Higgs scalar of the standard model with respect to the weak and the hyper charge ( and , respectively), while they carry additional quantum numbers in adjoint representations, offering correspondingly the explanation for the scalar Higgs and the Yukawa couplings, predicting the fourth family and the existence of several scalar fields. The paper 1) explains why in this theory the gauge fields are with the scalar index s = (5,6,7,8) doublets with respect to the weak and the hyper charge, while they are with respect to all the other charges in the adjoint representations;2) demonstrates that the spin connection fields manifest as the Kaluza-Klein vector gauge fields, which arise from the vielbeins;and 3) explains the role of the vielbeins and of both kinds of the spin connection fields.

关键词： Unifying Theories Beyond the Standard model Origin of Families Origin of mass matrices of Leptons and Quarks properties of Scalar Fields Origin and properties of Gauge Bosons Flavour Symmetry Kaluza-Klein Theories

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Immunomodulatory oligonucleotide ImT504:Effects on mesenchymal stem cells as a first-in-class immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2017年第3期9卷 45-67页

作者： Jorge Zorzopulos Steven m Opal Andrés Hernando-Insúa Juan m Rodriguez Fernanda Elías Juan Fló Ricardo A López norma A Chasseing Victoria A Lux-Lantos maria F Coronel Raul Franco Alejandro D montaner David L Horn Immunotech S.A. Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1440FFXArgentina Infectious Disease Division Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island and Alpert Medical SchoolProvidenceRI 02905United States Fundación pablo Cassara Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires C1440FFXArgentina Instituto de Biología y medicina Experimental(IBYmE-CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADNArgentina Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog'DR.Cesar milstein” Fundación Pablo CassaráCiudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires C1440FFXArgentina David Horn LLC DoylestownPA 18902United States

The immune responses of humans and animals to insults(i.e., infections, traumas, tumoral transformation and radiation) are based on an intricate network of cells and chemical messengers. Abnormally high inflammation immediately after insult or abnormally prolonged proinflammatory stimuli bringing about chronic inflammation can lead to life-threatening or severely debilitating diseases. mesenchymal stem cell(mSC) transplant has proved to be an effective therapy in preclinical studies which evaluated a vast diversity of inflammatory conditions. mSCs lead to resolution of inflammation, preparation for regeneration and actual regeneration, and then ultimate return to normal baseline or homeostasis. However, in clinical trials of transplanted mSCs, the expectations of great medical benefit have not yet been fulfilled. As a practical alternative to mSC transplant, a synthetic drug with the capacity to boost endogenous mSC expansion and/or activation may also be effective. Regarding this, ImT504, the prototype of a major class of immunomodulatory oligonucleotides, induces in vivo expansion of mSCs, resulting in a marked improvement in preclinical models of neuropathic pain, osteoporosis, diabetes and sepsis. ImT504 is easily manufactured and has an excellent preclinical safety record. In the small number of patients studied thus far, ImT504 has been well-tolerated, even at very high dosage. Further clinical investigation is necessary to demonstrate the utility of ImT504 for resolution of inflammation and regeneration in a broad array of human diseases that would likely benefit from an immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy.

关键词： Immunohomeostasis Immunoprotection Immunoregeneration Inflammation mesenchymal stem cells ImT504

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Neuroendoscopy in Epilepsy Surgery

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2016年第2期6卷 114-118页

作者： Oscar Humberto Jimenez-Vazquez norma Nagore Department of Neurosurgery State General Hospital Morelia México Nagore Norma Facultad de QFB UMSNH Morelia México

Epilepsy surgery has constantly evolved in various fields of knowledge. Surgical criteria have shifted from standard procedures to individualized forms of treatment, depending on physiological tests and specific imagenology findings in an individual patient. New instruments and applications based upon older instruments have been described in the treatment of epilepsy surgery, including the use of endoscopes. Frequent indications of neuroendoscopy in epilepsy surgery have been mostly to assist in open procedures, particularly when fluid-filled spaces are present within the surgical field, such as cystic parasites, tumors, arachnoid, or other types of cysts. Other indications certainly include cases of temporal lobe epilepsy, where ventricular exploration precedes intraventricular electrode placing as a tool to localize epileptogenic zones. Although described several years ago, there has been a recent trend in performing endoscopy-assisted section of the corpus-callosum in patients with generalized seizures. As neurosurgical instruments and techniques continue their progress, endoscopy will be included more frequently as part of the armamentarium in epilepsy surgery.

关键词： Neuroendoscopy Epilepsy Surgery Intracranial Cysts

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Changes during Cooking processes in 6 Varieties of Andean potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>ssp. Andinum)

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 725-736页

作者： maria E. Jimenez Analia m. Rossi norma C. Sammán Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO) CONICET-UNT e Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr. Bernabé Bloj” Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia UNT Chacabuco Tucumán Argentina

The value of the native potato varieties grown in Argentinean northwest lies both in their fundamental role as a source of food for the population and in their potential for the development of new products. The aim of this work was to study the changes produced by two common cooking processes (boiling and frying) on the nutritional, textural and functional characteristics of five Andean potatoes varieties. The cooking process (boiling) does not significantly affect the composition of potatoes, but there are losses of vitamin C;a greater loss was observed when they were boiled shelled. In frying potatoes vitamin C is completely destroyed. Resistant starch values between 0.90 and 4.58 g/100g of potato were found for raw Andean varieties;they decreased during the cooking process (boiled) (0.15 to 0.54 g/100g of potato) and increased again to be stored for 48 h at 4°C (0.73 - 1.88 g/100g of potato). The frying process produced an increment in energy value between 92% and 148% according to variety. Regarding to the fracture strength and hardness, no significant differences were observed between the Andean varieties and the control (Spunta) at the initial or final stages, but there were differences during the intermediate stages.

关键词： Andean potato Vitamin C Cooking processes Nutrient Retention Energy Value Textural properties

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