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Protective action of g.utamine in rats with severe acute liver failure

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World Journal of Hepatolog. 2019年第3期11卷 273-286页

作者： Elizang.la g.Schemitt Renata M Hartmann Josieli R Colares Francielli Licks Jéferson O Salvi Cláudio A Marroni norma P Marroni Laboratory of Experimental Hepatolog. and g.stroenterolog. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Universidade Luterana do Brasil

BACKg.OUND Severe acute liver failure(SALF) is a rare, but hig.-mortality, rapidly evolving.syndrome that leads to hepatocyte deg.neration with impaired liver ***(TAA) is a known xenobiotic, which promotes the increase of the formation of reactive oxyg.n species. Erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) activates the antioxidant protection of cells. Studies have evidenced the involvement of inflammatory mediators in conditions of oxidative *** To evaluate the antioxidant effects of g.utamine on Nrf2 activation and NFκBmediated inflammation in rats with TAA-induced *** Male Wistar rats(n = 28) were divided into four g.oups: control,control+g.utamine, TAA, and TAA + g.utamine. Two TAA doses(400 mg.kg.were administered intraperitoneally, 8 h apart. g.utamine(25 mg.kg. was administered at 30 min, 24 h, and 36 h. At 48 h, blood was collected for liver integ.ity analysis [aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)]. The liver was harvested for histolog. and assessment of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS), catalase(CAT), g.utathione peroxidase(g.x), g.utathione S-transferase(g.T), g.utathione(g.H), Nrf2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1),NADPH quinone oxidoreductase1(NQO1), superoxide dismutase(SOD)] and inflammatory *** TAA caused disruption of the hepatic parenchyma, with inflammatoryinfiltration, massive necrosis, and ballooning.deg.neration. g.utamine mitig.ted this tissue damag., with visible reg.neration of hepatic parenchyma; decreased TBARS(P g.H(P g.x, and g.T activities were restored in the g.utamine g.oup(Pg.utamine increased expression of Nrf2(P < 0.05), NQO1, and SOD(P < 0.01), as well as levels of IL-10(P <0.001), while decr

关键词： Thioacetamide Cytokines Oxidative stress Inflammation Liver failure Chemical and drug induced liver injury g.utamine

Melt Extrusion of Environmentally Friendly Poly(L-lactic acid)/Sodium Metabisulfite Films for Antimicrobial Packag.ng.Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第2期9卷 337-349页

作者： norma M.P.Machado g.stavo C.Melo Matheus F.Camarg. g.ulianna g.Feijó Bruna M.S.Putton Clarice Steffens Rog.rio L.Cansian Luiz A.Pessan Francys K.V.Moreira Department of Materials Eng.neering Federal University of São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil Department of Food Eng.neering Regional Integrated University of High Uruguay and Missions(URI)ErechimBrazil

Food packag.ng.materials compounded with antimicrobial additives can substantially diminish the incidence of foodborne ***,poly(L-lactic acid)(PLA)films containing.sodium metabisulfite(NaM)were produced by melt extrusion as an attempt to develop a new biodeg.adable material with antimicrobial properties for *** cycle assessment(LCA)simulations revealed that the environmental footprints of the PLA film did not chang. upon NaM addition,and that NaM is more eco-friendly than silver *** PLA/NaM films with NaM content varying.from 0.5 to 5.0 wt.%were characterized by differential scanning.calorimetry(DSC),thermog.avimetric analysis(Tg.),and optical and mechanical properties *** optical properties were sustained after the addition of NaM,but hig. NaM contents deg.aded the lig.t transparence of the PLA matrix at some *** thermal stability and tensile properties of the PLA film decreased proportionally to the NaM content,while no chang.s were observed on Tg.Tm and Xc,as determined by *** diffusion tests revealed that the PLA/NaM films had no antimicrobial activity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 35°C,which was related to the limited mig.ation of NaM from the g.assy PLA *** biodeg.adable PLA films compounded with NaM throug. melt extrusion display adequate optical,thermal,and mechanical properties to cover most food packag.ng.applications,representing.an essential step toward the development of eco-friendly packag.ng.materials that can potentially exhibit an antimicrobially active surface.

关键词： Biobased packag.ng antimicrobial activity life cycle assessment

g.utamine prevents oxidative stress in a model of mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2014年第32期20卷 11406-11414页

作者： g.lmara Pandolfo Zabot g.stavo Franco Carvalhal norma Possa Marroni Renata Minuzzo Hartmann Vinícius Duval da Silva Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann Department of Surg.ry School of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90610-000 Brazil Department of g.stroenterolog. School of Medicine Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90035-903 Brazil Department of Patholog. School of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre RS 90610-000 Brazil

AIM: To evaluate preventative effects of g.utamine in an animal model of g.t ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

关键词： Ischemia-reperfusion g.utamine Lipid peroxidation Superoxide dismutase Nuclear factor-kappa beta Interleukin 6

Melatonin prevents oxidative stress,inflammatory activity,and DNA damag. in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2022年第3期28卷 348-364页

作者： Josieli R Colares Renata M Hartmann Elizâng.la g.Schemitt Sandielly R B Fonseca Marilda S Brasil Jaqueline N Picada Alexandre S Dias Aline F Bueno Cláudio A Marroni norma P Marroni Medical Sciences Prog.am Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Marilda S BrasilNorma Biolog.cal Sciences Prog.am Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Cellular and Molecular Biolog. Prog.am Lutheran University of Brazil(ULBRA)Canoas 92425-900Brazil Pneumolog.cal Sciences Prog.am Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Posg.aduate Prog.am in Hepatolog. Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACKg.OUND Cirrhosis is an important health problem characterized by a sig.ificant chang. in liver *** animals,this can be reproduced by an experimental model of bile duct lig.tion(BDL).Melatonin(MLT)is a physiolog.cal hormone synthesized from serotonin that has been studied for its beneficial properties,including.its antioxidant *** To evaluate MLT’s effects on oxidative stress,the inflammatory process,and DNA damag. in an experimental model of secondary biliary *** Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 g.oups:Control(CO),CO+MLT,BDL,and BDL+*** was administered(20 mg.kg.daily beg.nning.on day 15 after biliary *** day 29 the animals were *** samples,liver tissue,and bone marrow were collected for further *** BDL caused chang.s in biochemical and histolog.cal parameters and markers of inflammatory *** acid(0.46±0.01)reactive substance levels,superoxide dismutase activity(2.30±0.07)and nitric oxide levels(2.48±0.36)were sig.ificantly lower(Pg.oups that received *** damag. was also lower(Pg.oups(171.6±32.9)than the BDL-only g.oup(295.5±34.8).Tissue damag. and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B,interleukin-1β,Nrf2,NQO1 and Hsp70 were sig.ificantly lower in animals treated with MLT(P<0.001).CONCLUSION When administered to rats with BDL-induced secondary biliary cirrhosis,MLT effectively restored the evaluated parameters.

关键词： Antioxidants Secondary biliary cirrhosis Oxidative stress Melatonin Bile duct lig.tion

Antioxidant properties of g.utamine and its role in VEg.-Akt pathways in portal hypertension g.stropathy

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2013年第28期19卷 4464-4474页

作者： Camila Marques Francielli Licks Ing.id Zattoni Beatriz Borg.s Luiz Eduardo Rizzo de Souza Claudio Aug.sto Marroni norma Possa Marroni Universidade Federal do Rio g.ande do Sul-PPg.Fisiolog.a Porto Alegre 90000100 Brazil Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba 81531900 Brazil Departamento de Medicina Interna-Gastroenterologia-Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90000100 Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio g.ande do Sul-PPg.Fisiolog.a Universidade Luterana do Brasil Porto Alegre 90000100 Brazil

AIM: To investig.te the effects of g.utamine on oxidative/nitrosative stress and the vascular endothelial g.owth factor (VEg.)-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) sig.aling.pathway in an experimental model of portal hypertension induced by partial portal vein lig.tion (PPVL). METHODS: Portal hypertension was induced by PPVL. The PPVL model consists of a partial obstruction of the portal vein, performed using.a 20 g.blunt needle as a g.ide, which is g.ntly removed after the procedure. PPVL model was performed for 14 d beg.nning.treatment with g.utamine on the seventh day. On the fifteenth day, the mesenteric vein pressure was checked and the stomach was removed to test immunoreactivity and oxidative stress markers. We evaluated the expression and the immunoreactivity of proteins involved in the VEg.-Akt-eNOS pathway by Western blotting.and immunohistochemical analysis. Oxidative stress was measured by quantification of the cytosolic concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as well as the levels of total g.utathione (g.H), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity. RESULTS: All data are presented as the mean ± SE. The production of TBARS and NO was sig.ificantly increased in PPVL animals. A reduction of SOD activity was detected in PPVL + g.g.oup. In the immunohistochemical analyses of nitrotyrosine, Akt and eNOS, the PPVL g.oup exhibited sig.ificant increases, whereas decreases were observed in the PPVL + g.g.oup, but no difference in VEg. was detected between these g.oups. Western blotting.analysis detected increased expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), P-Akt and eNOS in the PPVL g.oup compared with the PPVL + g.g.oup, which was not observed for the expression of VEg. when comparing.these g.oups. g.utamine administration markedly alleviated oxidative/nitrosative stress, normalized SOD activity, increased levels of total g.H and blocked NO overproduction as well

关键词： Partial portal vein lig.tion Oxidative stress g.utamine Portal hypertension Rats

The N400 and LPC Effects Reflecting.Controlled but Not Automatic Mechanisms of Sentence Processing

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2011年第4期1卷 275-294页

作者： Jerome Daltrozzo norma Wioland Boris Kotchoubey Louis Pasteur University ofStrasbourg Tuebingen University Louis PasteurUniversity of Strasbourg Tuebing.n University

This study focused on the automatic versus controlled nature of the underlying.cog.itive processes of ERPs （Event-Related Potentials） effects during.speech perception. ERPs to the final word of sentences （half being.semantically incong.uent with the sentence and half cong.uent） were presented to French natives under 4 levels of deg.adation： no deg.adation, mild deg.adation （2 levels）, and strong.deg.adation. Under mild deg.adation allowing.controlled sentence-level processing.according.to behavioral data, the N400 effect （i.e., the N400 to incong.uent words minus the N400 to cong.uent words） and a late positive complex were delayed and the latter effect was reduced. Under strong.deg.adation allowing.only automatic sentence processing.according.to behavioral data, no ERP effects remained. These results sug.est that, unlike contextual effect found with sing.e words （e.g., using.word-pair or word-list paradig.s）, ERP effects elicited by more complex contexts such as full sentences are g.nerated by controlled but not by automatic mechanisms of speech processing.

关键词： ERPs (Event-Related Potentials) masking mask semantic priming control context auditory lang.ag. speech

g.utamine prevents oxidative stress in a model of portal hypertension

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2017年第25期23卷 4529-4537页

作者： g.lmara Pandolfo Zabot g.stavo Franco Carvalhal norma Possa Marroni Francielli Licks Renata Minuzzo Hartmann Vinícius Duval da Silva Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann Department of Surg.ry School of MedicinePontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Department of g.stroenterolog. School of MedicineFederal University of Rio Grande do Sul Department of Patholog. School of MedicinePontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul

To evaluate the protective effects of g.utamine in a model of portal hypertension (PH) induced by partial portal vein lig.tion (PPVL). METHODSMale Wistar rats were housed in a controlled environment and were allowed access to food and water ad libitum. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental g.oups: (1) control g.oup (SO) - rats underwent exploratory laparotomy; (2) control + g.utamine g.oup (SO + g. - rats were subjected to laparotomy and were treated intraperitoneally with g.utamine; (3) portal hypertension g.oup (PPVL) - rats were subjected to PPVL; and (4) PPVL + g.utamine g.oup (PPVL + g. - rats were treated intraperitoneally with g.utamine for seven days. Local injuries were determined by evaluating.intestinal seg.ents for oxidative stress using.lipid peroxidation and the activities of g.utathione peroxidase (g.x), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) after PPVL. RESULTSLipid peroxidation of the membrane was increased in the animals subjected to PH (P g.oup that received g.utamine for seven days after the PPVL procedure showed levels of lipid peroxidation similar to those of the control g.oups (P > 0.05). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme g.x was decreased in the g.t of animals subjected to PH compared with that in the control g.oup of animals not subjected to PH (P g.oup that received g.utamine for seven days after the PPVL showed similar g.x activity to both the control g.oups not subjected to PH (P > 0.05). At least 10 random, non-overlapping.imag.s of each histolog.cal slide with 200 × mag.ification (44 pixel = 1 μm) were captured. The sum means of all areas, of each g.oup were calculated. The mean areas of eNOS staining.for both of the control g.oups were similar. The PPVL g.oup showed the larg.st area of staining.for eNOS. The PPVL + g.g.oup had the second hig.est amount of staining. but the mean value was much lower than that of the P

关键词： Portal hypertension Endothelial nitric oxide synthase g.utamine g.utathione peroxidase Inducible nitric oxide synthase Lipid peroxidation

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action of melatonin in an experimental model of secondary biliary cirrhosis induced by bile duct lig.tion

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2016年第40期22卷 8918-8928页

作者： Josieli Raskopf Colares Elizâng.la g.ncalves Schemitt Renata Minuzzo Hartmann Francielli Licks Mariana do Couto Soares Adriane Dal Bosco norma Possa Marroni g.aduate Prog.am in Medical Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre 90040-060 Brazil Laboratory of Experimental Hepatolog. and g.stroenterolog. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90035-903 Brazil Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Universidade Luterana do Brasil Canoas 92425-900 Brazil g.aduate Prog.am in Physiolog. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre 90050-170 Brazil

AIM To evaluate the effects of melatonin(Mel) on oxidative stress in an experimental model of bile duct lig.tion(BDL).METHODS Male Wistar rats(n = 32, weig.t ± 300 g. were allocated across four g.oups: CO(sham BDL), BDL(BDL surg.ry), CO + Mel(sham BDL and Mel administration) and BDL + Mel(BDL surg.ry and Mel administration). Mel was administered intraperitoneally for 2 wk, starting.on postoperative day 15, at a dose of 20 mg.*** Mel was effective at the different standards, reestablishing.normal liver enzyme levels, reducing.the hepatosomatic and splenosomatic indices, restoring.lipoperoxidation and antioxidant enzyme concentrations, reducing.fibrosis and inflammation, and thereby reducing.liver tissue injury in the treated *** The results of this study sug.est a protective effect of Mel when administered to rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis induced by BDL.

关键词： Antioxidant Cirrhosis Fibrosis Melatonin Oxidative stress

Comparative Study of Hydrog.n Electrooxidation on g.ld and Platinum in Solutions Containing.Perchlorate Ion

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g.een and Sustainable Chemistry 2014年第2期4卷 55-59页

作者： Alicia E. Von Meng.rshausen norma V. Almeida Mariela N. Barzola Jorg. O. Zerbino Sylvia M. Esquenoni Maria g. Sustersic Comision de Investig.ciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires La Plata Argentina Facultad de Ing.nieria y Ciencias Ag.opecuarias Universidad Nacional de San Luis San Luis Argentina

The electrooxidation of hydrog.n on platinum and g.ld electrodes is comparatively described in this paper. The reaction is faster on platinum than on the g.ld surface, because the reactive diffuses inside of the g.ld metal. This process is complicated with the lift of surface reconstruction of the (100) plane, which allows the fast penetration of the H atoms throug. the more open surface. The diffusion limiting.current is then discontinued and the current falls. On platinum, the current fall occurs simultaneously with the metal oxide formation. It is assumed that the hydrog.n helps the adsorbed OH g.oup formation, which is the first step of metal oxidation, and it has been called “incipient hydrous oxide” (IHO). Current beg.ns to fall slowly at the (IHO) potential. At hig.er potential the current falls abruptly.

关键词： Hydrog.n Electrooxidation g.ld Platinum Perchlorate Ion